Biomedical subjects

W F Skrzypczak

Publications and source records attributed to W F Skrzypczak.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Plasma proteome analysis: 2D gels and chips.

The knowledge of concentration, modification and interaction of proteins is fundamental in determining the phenotype of living organisms. Plasma, the primary clinical specimen, contains numerous and diverse proteins. The functions of these proteins are as manifold as the diversity of the protein themselves. Many of them have been largely used for many years as biomarkers of diseases and indicators of the physiological functions. The study of plasma proteome promises to be a significant advance in various areas of biological and clinical research. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is considered as a primary tool in separating thousand of plasma proteins. This approach enables comparing normal and diseased samples revealing differently expressed proteins. Other proteomic techniques suitable for plasma analysis such as protein microarrays are now either established or are still being improved. This article briefly reviews the application of two-dimensional electrophoresis and the current status of technical aspects for plasma proteome.

Blood Proteins↗

PubMed1992

Seasonal variations of antipyrine pharmacokinetics parameters in calves.

In the experiment the values of parameters of antipyrine kinetics were defined (Vd - volume of distribution, t0.5 - half-life, CA - metabolic clearance) in calves in January, April, July and October 1986 and in January and July 1987. Statistically significant increase of distribution volume and increase of hepatic antipyrine clearance were recorded, as well as significant shortening of half-life of this substance in the organism of tested animals in summer 1986 and 1987, compared with the remaining seasons of the year. Antipyrine pharmacokinetics in winter, spring, autumn 1986 and winter 1986/87 did not differ significantly.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Pharmacokinetics of antipyrine in calves during first 35 days of life.

The experiment was carried out on 10 bull-calves of black-white breed, aged 2-35 days. The following parameters of antipyrine pharmacokinetics were determined: Vd - volume of distribution, t0.5 - biological half-life, CA - metabolic clearance. It has been shown statistically that the volume of antipyrine distribution (expressed in 1/kg) was significantly decreasing with age of examined animals. The antipyrine half-life proved to be the longest on the 20th day of calves' life and the shortest on the 10th and 30th day. The maximum values of metabolic clearance of antipyrine were observed in calves aged 10 days and the minimum ones in animals aged 20 days. In the cases of t0.5 and CA a tendency to changes of values of these parameters of antipyrine pharmacokinetics in 10 days periods was observed.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Monthly variations in the pharmacokinetics of antipyrine in calves.

In the experiment (on the basis of values of antipyrine (phenazone) pharmacokinetics parameter), biotransformation activity of calves liver during a year was determined. The experiment was carried out on calves aged 28-30 days. Volume of distribution (Vd), half-life (t0.5) and metabolic clearance (CA) of antipyrine were from month to month determined. Not significant changes between values of Vd, t0.5 and CA in several months were observed. Results of experiment indicated that calves' liver is characterized by the relatively stabile biotransformational activity during the whole year.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

[The influence of ACTH and hydrocortisone on drug kinetics in calves in the example of the antipyrine test].

The aim of the experiment carried out on 2 groups (to comprise 8 specimens) bull calves, of ncb. breed, at the age of 60 to 65 days and of an average body weight 90 +/- 5 kg, was to define the effect of intramuscular ACTH (0.2 j.m./kg b.w.) and hydrocortisone (0.2 mg/kg b.w.) injections on the hepatic biotransformation of antipyrine. No changes were noticed in the quantity of antipyrine distribution space Vd under the influence of the hormonal preparations applied. Shorter time of antipyrine halflife from the body T/2 was observed, yet the differences stated have not confirmed statistically. ACTH and hydrocortisone injections caused the increase in constant elimination value of antipyrine from the organism k as well as the increase in the quantity of hepatic antipyrine clearance ClA. The differences observed have not turned out to be statistically significant.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗

PubMed1990

[Sodium, potassium and chloride levels in the kidney tissue of piglets in the postnatal period].

In this paper the level of Na, K and Cl was determined on 108 kidney slices obtained from 12 kidney, removed from 6 clinical healthy piglets. The animals were 4 weeks old. The kidney tissue prepared by method as described by Appelboom et al. (1958). The electrolyte concentration in the cortex, outer medulla and inner medulla was calculated per 1 kg wet and dry tissue. There is a distinct (significant differences) electrolyte gradient in the piglet kidney tissue (the maximum electrolyte concentration in the papilla area). Low Na content even in inner medulla, indicates little capacity for urine concentration in the 4 week old piglets. Individual differences of the electrolyte content in kidney tissue, may indicate different rate of functional development of piglets kidney. No significant difference between left and right kidney was stated in the electrolytes concentration.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

[Effect of hypophysin and desoxycorticosterone acetate on kidney function in 3-month-old calves].

The experiment has been carried out on 6 bulls of cb. breed at the age of 3 months. Clearance methods were used to examine the hypophysin (0.1 u V/kg) and desoxycorticosterone acetate (0.1 mg/kg) influence on the size of diuresis, glomerular filtration and excretion of the following: sodium, potassium, chlorides, calcium, magnesium and inorganic phosphorus with urine. Three months old calves had (in comparing to calves in neonatal period) higher glomerular filtration level and lower coefficient of endogenous creatinine purification, however the GFR did not still reach the GFR level of adult animals. Hypophysin and desoxycorticosterone acetate influenced both the process of glomerular filtration (decrease) and tubular transportation of water, Na, K and Cl. After the acetate had been applied, higher condensation of urine was noticed than after the application of hypophysin. Administering DOC to the calves caused decrease in sodium and chlorides excretion with urine as well as increase in kidney purification of potassium. Increased excretion of potassium ion and the decrease in urine pH after DOC injection may suggest that older calves compared with the ones at the age of 2-5 weeks have their kidney mechanism regulating potassium and acid-basic balance developed and efficient. Significant effect of hypophysin and desoxycorticosterone acetate on the process of calcium, magnesium and inorganic phosphorus excretion with the urine has not been stated.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗

PubMed1989

[Kidney function in calves in the neonatal period. I. Studies of the capacity to store electrolytes Na, K, Cl, Ca, Mg and Pn].

The capability of the kidneys of 12 bull-calves at the age of 7-35 days of life to save electrolytes Na, K, Cl, Ca, Mg, Pn were examined. The examinations were made with the clearance methods using inulin as the indicator of the glomerular filtration of plasma. It was proved, that as the calves grow and develop, there arise changes in the glomerular filtration, tubular resorption and in the excretion of the examined minerals in urine. There was observed, at the same time, the relatively stabile level of these electrolytes in blood. It shows the functional development of the calves kidneys and the fact, that in the proper environmental conditions and particularly at the proper feeding, the kidneys are able to maintain the favorable, from the point of view of the internal balance and the needs of the developing organism, level of the electrolytes.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Kidney function in calves in the neonatal period. II. Studies of the capacity to reduce and increase urine concentration].

Examinations were made with the use of same materials as in Part I and according to the same methodology. The great capability of the calves kidneys to economise water was observed. The kidneys are able already in the second week of calves life to reduce and increase urine concentration within limits from 65.70 to 955.54 mmol/kg H2O, keeping at the same time molality of the body fluids on relatively the same level. It may prove high efficiency of the hypothalamic pituitary antidiuretic system. It seems, that because of the probable immaturity of tubules it was difficult to create the high osmotic gradient in the renal medulla what is confirmed by the changing clearances of the free water and the resorption water. It also seems, that the rate with which urine is passing through the renal tubules is of great importance in the process of thickening the urine in this period.

Animals↗