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Biomedical subjects

W F Weidema

Publications and source records attributed to W F Weidema.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Acute effects of dietary cholic acid and methylazoxymethanol acetate on colon epithelial cell proliferation; metabolism of bile salts and neutral sterols in conventional and germfree SD rats.

The acute effects of cholic acid ingestion on methylazoxymethanol acetate [(MAM) CAS: 592-62-1]-treated conventional and germfree rats were investigated. Male SD rats were divided into 4 treatment groups. The first group received control chow; the second group, control chow plus 0.5% cholic acid; the third group, control chow plus MAM; and the fourth group, control chow plus 0.5% cholic acid plus MAM. Fecal bile acids, cholesterol, cholesteral degradation products, and neutral sterols, as well as labeling indices and numbers of epithelial cells per crypt column, were measured after 6 weeks of treatment. The administration of MAM to germfree groups diminished both fecal bulk and the amount of fecal water. MAM did not affect the fecal bile acid composition. Analysis of the fecal bile acids in conventional rats fed cholic acid demonstrated that half of the bile acids were in a form of deoxycholic acid. In the germfree groups fed cholic acid, 90% of the bile acids appeared unaltered in the feces. Neither in the germfree nor in the conventional groups was an effect seen of MAM on the output of fecal neutral sterols. The addition of cholic acid to the food decreased the output of neutral sterols both in the conventional (P less than .001) and in the germfree (P less than .02) animals. The germfree animals showed a reduced amount of neutral steroid excretion (P less than .01) when compared to the findings for the conventional groups. MAM had no influence on the fecal cholesterol or coprostanol output. The consumption of 0.5% cholic acid decreased the total output of cholesterol (P less than .05). The excretion of coprostanol was significantly diminished in the conventional rats fed cholic acid (P less than .001). No difference in labeling indices was observed between conventional and germfree rats, whether treated with cholic acid, MAM, or cholic acid plus MAM. However, all germfree groups showed less epithelial cells per crypt column (P less than .001) than did conventional animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Pseudomembranous colitis after whole gut irrigation with neomycin and erythromycin base.

An unprecedented fatal case of pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) is described, associated with the use of topical antibiotics (neomycin and erythromycin base) during whole gut irrigation. This case was one of a cluster of five, occurring within a period of 4 months in 1978. These observations tend to support the hypothesis that disturbances in bacterial flora give rise to PMC and furthermore that the short-term use of antibiotics does not prevent the occurrence of PMC.

Colon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

24-hour systemic antimicrobial prophylaxis with gentamicin and metronidazole, or metronidazole alone, in elective colorectal surgery after mechanical bowel preparation with mannitol and whole gut irrigation.

In a prospective randomized trial, systemic antimicrobial prophylaxis with metronidazole and gentamicin was compared to the administration of metronidazole alone in elective colorectal surgery. In both groups, an identical mechanical large-bowel preparation was performed. In order to reduce the duration of the whole-gut irrigation, a 10% mannitol solution was administered before the irrigation procedure. Although no serious infections were observed in either group, the incidence of superficial wound infections was relatively high: 19% in the group with metronidazole and gentamicin prophylaxis and 25% in the other group. From all these wounds E. coli was isolated, and no obligate anaerobic bacteria were cultured. This high rate of wound infections is most likely caused by an overgrowth of E. coli after irrigation, due to the residues of mannitol in the colon, which serve as a nutrient for E. coli. It is concluded that mannitol should not be used in the preoperative mechanical preparation of the large bowel before elective colorectal surgery.

Adult↗