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Biomedical subjects

W F Whitmore

Publications and source records attributed to W F Whitmore.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Radical cystectomy with or without planned preoperative irradiation in the treatment of bladder cancer.

A retrospective analysis of 342 patients with carcinoma of the bladder treated by radical cystectomy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center with or without planned preoperative irradiation revealed that preoperative irradiation significantly improved survival of patients with deeply infiltrating tumours (pathological Stage B2 and C), and reduced the prognostic importance of distinctions between pathological B1 and B2 neoplasms. Preoperative irradiation had no discernible effect on the survival of patients with superficially infiltrating neoplasms.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Carcinoma of prostate presenting as retroperitoneal mass.

The pattern of dissemination of prostatic carcinoma varies, but skeletal metastasis is the single most common symptomatic mode of presentation. The clinical course and treatment of the 2 cases presenting with symptomatic metastases to the retroperitoneum are described in detail and pertinent literature is reviewed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Extended total excision of prostatic adenocarcinoma.

Cases of locally advanced prostatic adenocarcinoma (stages B and C) managed by exenteration or prostatocystectomy were reviewed. Local control and survival rates seem to justify this approach in selected cases, especially when conservative measures, such as hormonal therapy and irradiation, have been exhausted.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Spermatic cord sarcoma in adults.

The clinical courses are presented for 6 patients with sarcoma of the spermatic cord seen between 1967 and 1976. There were 3 fibrosarcomas, 2 liposarcomas and 1 malignant fibrous histiocytoma, making the total reported cases of spermatic cord sarcoma 212. Management of spermatic cord sarcoma is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Experience with anteromedian (12 o'clock) external urethral sphincterotomy in 100 male subjects with neuropathic bladders.

One hundred male spinal cord injured patients have now undergone anteromedian (12 o'clock) external urethral sphincterotomy alone or in combination with transurethral incision or resection of the bladder neck. The functional affect of this procedure has been documented by voiding cystourethrogram and urodynamic studies. The morbidity and clinical results including blood loss and loss of reflex erection are reviewed. The short-term clinical results suggest that this is the best of currently available techniques to lower external urethral sphincter resistance.

Erectile Dysfunction↗
PubMed1978

Effect of flutamide on cortisol metabolism.

The effect of flutamide on cortisol metabolism was studied in eight patients with prostate cancer. Flutamide markedly decreased the formation of 3 alpha, 17,21-trihydroxypregnane-11,20-dione (THF), and the 11-oxy-17-ketosteroid metabolites by 72%, 50%, and 46% respectively; however, 3 alpha, 11 beta, 17,21-tetrahydroxy-5 alpha- pregnan-20-one was increased by 46%. The 24-h mean plasma cortisol concentration was not altered. The cortisol production rate decreased by an average of 53% (from 32.7 to 15.5 mg/24 h). The effect of the drug on plasma cortisol kinetics was studied in three patients. This showed that flutamide increased the t1/2 (from 80 to 108 min) but decreased the distribution volume (from 17.8 to 13.8 liters) and the MCR (from 222 to 130 liters/24 h). The changes in THE and THF formation and in the t1/2 and MCR of [C]cortisol are similar to the effects observed in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis. It is suggested that in the case of flutamide these changes were also due to a cholestasis-producing effect of the drug on the liver. As the clinical response to the drug did not correlate with the cortisol metabolic changes, its therapeutic effect was probably not mediated by its effects on cortisol metabolism.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Immunocompetence of patients with transitional cell carcinoma as measured by dinitrochlorobenzene skin tests and in vitro lymphocyte function.

Patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder have a highly significant stepwise decrease in responsiveness to challenge with DNCB with advancing stage of disease. Seventy-five percent of those patients with superficial tumors are skin-test positive versus only 35% for those having tumors that are locally advanced and/or metastatic. MLC response and ability to stimulate in this culture as well as PHA and Con A response of blood leukocytes have been studied in relation to stage of disease and therapy. Recent irradiation appears to inhibit significantly MLC responsiveness, and PHA and Con A blastogenesis. Although responsiveness for this group of patients is decreased from normal, a further decrease occurs in responsiveness to Con A with advancing stage of disease. Blood leukocytes from some patients with urinary bladder carcinoma appear to have a decreased ability to function as stimulator cells in one-way MLC. This ability to stimulate returns to normal levels with tumor removal.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1978

Mixed leukocyte culture reactivity of lymph node cells regional to transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

Regional lymph node cells from some patients with bladder cancer exhibited a suppressive effect on the ability of autologous and allogeneic blood leukocytes to function as stimulator cells in one-way mixed leukocyte culture. The appearance of the suppressor activity was significantly correlated to advancing stage of disease and to the histology of the regional lymph nodes.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1978

Intratesticular grafts: the testis as an exceptional immunologically privileged site.

The testis is an immunologically privileged site despite a normal lymphatic drainage, whereas the anterior chamber of the eye is a privileged site because it lacks normal lymphatics. Parathyroid grafts were transplanted between several strains of inbred rats (Buffalo leads to Lewis and Lewis X Brown Norway F1 leads to Lewis). Allografts were placed in the testis, thigh muscle, prostate, lymph nodes, anterior chamber of the eye and adrenal gland. The survival of intratesticular allografts also was tested in animals whose pituitary gonadotropins were suppressed by testosterone and estradiol implants. The effects of steroid implants were documented by measuring testosterone and progesterone concentrations in the serum and whole testis homogenates of these animals. Allograft survival was judged by fasting plasma calcium concentrations. The data show that 1) the adrenal is included among naturally occurring immunologically privileged sites, 2) the prolonged survival of intratesticular allografts may be related to the local production of steroid hormones, although allograft survival is not critically dependent on pituitary gonadotropins and 3) temperature differences and a high zinc concentration within the testis are not important to allograft survival.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1978

Gallium and bleomycin scans in the clinical staging of testis tumor.

Twenty-one patients with testicular tumors had gallium scans prior to retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Eleven of 14 patients found to have nodal involvement had positive scans, and 2 of 7 patients with negative nodes had false positive scans. Bleomycin scans were positive in 4 of 5 patients with nodal metastases. While these scans provide a simple, non-invasive and occasionally useful technique for the clinical staging of testis neoplasms, they do not, in our experience, significantly supplement other staging procedures.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1977

Adriamycin in advanced urinary tract cancer: experience in 42 patients and review of the literature.

Forty-two patients with measureable, advanced, genito-urinary cancer received Adriamycin. Significant clinical responses (CR/PR) occurred in only five (14%) of 35 adequately treated patients. Four additional patients achieved a minimal response anf four others showed stabilization of their disease for 4 to 9 months. Review of the literature suggests an overall response rate of 20%. Patients with a urinary diversion lived significantly longer (P 0.006) than patients who did not have this procedure (42.5 months vs 21.5 months). The need to define various patient characteristics in future chemotherapeutic trials in bladder cancer is discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Improvement of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (NSC 119875): therapeutic index in an animal model.

Cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum (CPDD) NSC 119875 was given at toxic doses (3 mg/kg) to three groups of dogs. The renal toxicity was avoided with massive prehydration and with mannitol induced diuresis. The bone marrow toxicity was unaltered by either manipulation. The data presented indicate that a better therapeutic index has been achieved by osmotic diuresis with mannitol. Blood levels and urine levels measurements show that the pharmacokinetics of the drug are unaltered, the urinary concentration of drug being low in the first few hours, but with similar urinary drug recovery in all three groups.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

A comparative study of two preoperative radiation regimens with cystectomy for bladder cancer.

This report surveys the results of two programs of preoperative irradiation with radical cystectomy for bladder cancer in 205 patients. Irradiating the true pelvis to 4000 rads in 4 weeks with radical cystectomy after 6 weeks was implemented in 119 patients (Group 1) from 1959 to 1965; 2000 rads given in 1 week to the true pelvis and radical cystectomy within the following week was implemented in 86 patients (Group 2) from 1966 to 1970. Determinate survival without evidence of recurrence at 5 years was 43% in Group 1 and 42% in Group 2. Mortality with recurrence of bladder cancer in 5 or more years was 44% in group 1 and 42% in group 2. Pelvic complications occurred in 13% of group 1 and 9% of group 2.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

The evolution of mature teratoma from malignant testicular tumors.

During the period of 1969--1976, twelve cases of malignant germ cell tumor of the testis were seen in which the diagnosis was associated with the subsequent development of one or more metastases composed histologically of fully mature teratoma. These patients had a variety of primary germ cell tumors in the testis and were treated with radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy in addition to surgery, prior to the development of mature teratomas in different anatomic sites. The development of mature teratoma in this clinical setting seems to be a favorable prognostic sign, inasmuch as only one of the 12 patients has died with known persistent cancer. Since the incidence of this phenomenon seems to be increasing, the mechanism is probably related, directly or indirectly, to therapy.

Adolescent↗