Detecting a pneumothorax: inspiratory or expiratory radiograph or both?
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
W F van Gelderen
Publications and source records attributed to W F van Gelderen.
Feeling woozy after MR imaging.
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Confusion↗
Chest radiographs of neonates with respiratory failure caused by congenital syphilis.
Congenital syphilis still occurs in newborn babies and the prevalence has increased in recent years, especially in developing countries. This has led to an increase in the number of babies with congenital syphilis requiring intensive care for respiratory failure. The early recognition of this disease could lead to the institution of timely and appropriate treatment. In this study the radiological picture of syphilitic pneumonitis is described in 20 neonates admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit requiring ventilation for respiratory failure. The radiological picture of the babies with syphilis was compared to 20 babies with other causes of respiratory distress. The radiological picture in 17 babies demonstrated a coarse nodular pattern in addition to band-like opacities radiating from the hilar regions. The nodular opacities became confluent on follow-up radiographs. In 13 cases, the proximal humeri showed changes typical of congenital syphilis. Two of the three babies with syphilis who did not have the typical chest radiological picture had bony involvement visible on the chest radiograph. Both the sensitivity and specificity of radiographic diagnosis were 75% with a positive and negative predictive value of 75%. The diagnosis of congenital syphilitic pneumonitis can therefore be suspected on chest radiographs and should be included in the differential diagnosis of any baby who presents with an interstitial pattern on chest radiography.
Case-Control Studies↗
Three-dimensional computed tomographic imaging of the pelvicaliceal system: analysis of factors influencing image quality.
We analyzed 3-dimensional (3D) computed tomographic images of the pelvicaliceal system obtained in 25 patients after opacification of the collecting system by retrograde ureteric or intravenous (IV) infusion of sodium iothalamate. 3D images were reconstructed using the data from nonoverlapping 5-mm sections taken on an Elscint 2400 scanner. Factors contributing to poor image quality were: artifacts caused by contrast in the collecting tubules, underfilling or overdistension of the pelvicaliceal system with contrast, movement of the patient and severe hydronephrosis. Satisfactory 3D images of the pelvicaliceal system can be obtained by retrograde ureteric infusion of 5% w/v sodium iothalamate at 20 cm H2O, or by IV injection of 50 ml of 70% w/v sodium iothalamate. Abdominal compression should be applied 10-15 min after the IV injection of contrast, and the computed tomographic examination should commence 20-30 min after the injection. It is imperative that the patient lie completely still and breathe normally to avoid movement of the kidneys. 3D computed tomographic imaging of the pelvicaliceal system may become a valuable adjunct to the preoperative planning and performance of percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
Adolescent↗
Localized loss of the infrabronchial descending aortic interface as a normal variant.
Localized loss of the aortic interface may occur as a normal variant or may be due to an adjacent mass or opacification. The former category is divided into four types depending on position and length of loss of interface. The findings on conventional chest radiographs are correlated with computed tomographic findings.
Adolescent↗
Pseudopneumothorax or pneumothorax simulated by a skin fold.
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Diagnosis, Differential↗
Earlier diagnosis of oesophageal carcinoma--importance of chest radiographs.
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Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
3-dimensional imaging of the pelviocaliceal system by computerized tomographic reconstruction.
Safe and efficient performance of percutaneous nephrolithotomy requires 3-dimensional visualization of the pelviocaliceal anatomy. However, currently available modalities offer only 2-dimensional images, from which the operator must mentally reconstruct a 3-dimensional picture of the pelviocaliceal configuration. We evaluated the feasibility of obtaining 3-dimensional images of the pelviocaliceal system with the aid of computerized tomographic reconstruction and present 3 illustrative cases.
Computer Graphics↗
Multiple vanishing tumours simulating pulmonary neoplasms. A case report.
Vanishing fluid collection (or tumour) in an interlobar fissure associated with congestive cardiac failure is not common. Multiple vanishing tumours are most uncommon and can resemble other multiple opacities, e.g. metastases. The disappearance of these so-called tumours after treatment for cardiac failure provided proof of the diagnosis in the patient reported. This diagnosis is important to consider in order to prevent unnecessary investigation and treatment.
Aged↗
Simultaneous detection of esophageal and gastric carcinomas.
The case histories of six patients are presented where the diagnosis of carcinoma of the esophagus and the stomach was made at the same time by barium studies. The clinical history was elusive in two patients. In four of the six patients, histological proof of squamous carcinoma of the esophagus and adenocarcinoma of the stomach was obtained, but in the other two biopsy of the gastric lesion was not possible because of the extensive esophageal cancer.
Adenocarcinoma↗