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Biomedical subjects

W Felińska

Publications and source records attributed to W Felińska.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Ethanol inhibits cadmium accumulation in brains of offspring of pregnant rats that consume cadmium.

The present study was designed to test the effect of ethanol on cadmium accumulation in tissues of pregnant rats and their offspring. Starting 10 days before mating and continuing until parturition, ethanol (10% v/v) was present in the drinking water of half the rats. Cadmium chloride (CdCl2; 50 ppm) was present in the water of half the rats (+/- ethanol) from the fist day after mating until parturition. On the day of parturition cadmium accumulated to a moderate level in bone (7.3 micrograms/g tissue, wet weight; this and other values, P < 0.05 vs. control), liver (12.9 micrograms/g) and kidney (13.0 micrograms/g) of dams, while the brain had only a low level of cadmium (0.45 microgram/g). In offspring at 6 weeks cadmium accumulated in high amounts in the brain (34.0 micrograms/g), bone (15.9 micrograms), kidney (78.2 micrograms/g) and particularly the liver (227.3 micrograms/g). Ethanol, given simultaneously with cadmium, inhibited cadmium accumulation in brain (1.8 micrograms/g), bone (3.28 micrograms/g) and kidney (61.3 micrograms/g), but enhanced cadmium accumulation in liver (408.7 micrograms/g). At 12 weeks there were only residual levels of cadmium in all tissues of offspring. These findings demonstrate an interaction between 2 known teratogenic agents, with ethanol conferring protection of the brain from cadmium accumulation. The nature of this interaction is not known, but is likely to be related to ethanol induction of metallothionein in the liver and placenta.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1990

[Ethanol: current theories on its toxic effect with special reference to the effect on the central nervous system of adult mammals and during individual development].

Present-day views on the molecular mechanism of ethanol action upon the central nervous system of adult mammals as well as consequences of the brain exposure to ethanol during fetal life, and upon the development and function of this organ in postnatal life are reviewed. Mechanisms of teratogenic effect of ethanol are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of chronic exposure to nitrogen dioxide on biogenic amine levels in the brain of guinea pigs].

The experiment was carried out on male guinea pigs exposed to NO2 at a constant concentration of 0.1 ppm 24 h daily for 1, 2.5 and 6 months, or NO2 concentration was increased to 0.5 ppm twice daily, between 7:00 and 8:00 AM and 4:00 and 5:00 PM. After the exposure to NO2 was over the animals were killed by decapitation. The cranium was opened and the brain removed, and afterwards at 0 degrees C the left hemisphere was dissected into discrete areas which were then frozen on dry ice and weighed. The tissues were kept for 2-3 days at -20 degrees C, and afterwards the content of noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine and 5-hydroxyindole-acetic acid was estimated spectrofluorometrically in examined parts of the brain (thalamus--hypothalamus pons + medulla oblongata hippocampus, cortex frontalis). It was shown that the applied NO2 concentrations brought about slight and nonspecific alterations in the content of the investigated amines in guinea pigs' brain.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Central pharmacological effects of long-term application of piracetam in rats.

Effect of the 14-day administration of piracetam in a dose of 5 g/kg ip upon the behavior of rats and on the content of biogenic amines and their metabolites in different brain areas was studied. It was shown that the treatment by PI for 14 days produced changes in the rat behavior manifested mainly by inhibition of exploratory activity. Long-term PI administration modified the content of NA, DA and 5-HT and their metabolites in different parts of the brain.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid from the lateral ventricle of patients with brain tumors].

In patients with supratentorial tumours and posterior fossa tumours or in the third ventricle the concentrations of HVA and 5-HIAA were determined in the cerebrospinal fluid from the lateral ventricle. A significantly greater concentration of HVA and 5-HIAA was found in the patients with considerable hydrocephalus caused by occlusion of the third ventricle, aqueduct or fourth ventricle as compared with the cases of supratentorial tumours and with cases of moderate hydrocephalus and partial block of fluid outflow caused by third ventricle tumorous or posterior fossa tumours.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Concentration of biogenic amines and their metabolites in different parts of brain after experimental cerebral concussion.

The levels of biogenic amines and their metabolites were determined in different parts of brain or cerebral-spinal fluid 0.5, 1, 6, 12 or 24 h after experimental cerebral concussion. Cerebral concussion in the rat leads within 6 h to an increase in 5-hydroxytryptamine and a decrease in dopamine utilization in the striatum. That imbalance between the functional state of serotoninergic and dopaminergic neurons may partly explain the development of vasospasms, ischemia and edema brought about by the brain mechanical trauma. Moreover, after cerebral concussion an evident decrease in NA level in discrete brain areas and a decreased DA release in the whole brain occur. In conclusion it is suggested that the alterations of catecholamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine utilization in discrete brain areas, especially in the striatum are the characteristic feature of disturbances after experimental brain concussion.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of ethanol and diazepam given to pregnant rats on the behavior and catecholamine content in the brain of offspring.

Effect of separate and combined treatment with ethanol and diazepam applied to pregnant rats upon the behavior of 3- and 6-week old and 3 month old rats, as well as on the content of noradrenaline (NA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in various brain areas was investigated. It has been shown that separate application of ethanol and diazepam causes slight changes in the behavior and content of amines on the brain of offsprings. Combined application of ethanol and diazepam to pregnant rats exerts marked effects upon the behavior of offsprings and causes a decreased content mainly of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in the investigated areas of the brain.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of H2 receptors blockade upon some central effects of prostacyclin in rats.

Prostacyclin (PGI2) administered icv into the lateral rat brain ventricle in a dose of 1 and 10 micrograms caused hypothermia and catalepsy. Joint administration of PGI2 and chlorpromazine produced a greater cataleptic effect than that observed after the neuroleptic alone. Cimetidine (CMT) 2 g/kg po administered 60 min before PGI2 icv injection inhibited hypothermic and cataleptogenic action of PGI2. CMT blocked the cataleptogenic effect of chlorpromazine as well as combination of it with PGI2. CMT inhibited cataleptogenic effect of haloperidol, but it did not block the catalepsy induced by joint administration of haloperidol and PGI2. PGI2 did not change concentration of noradrenaline and dopamine in different brain areas. The results indicate that H2 receptors take part in some central pharmacological effects of PGI2 in rats.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Leu-enkephalin content in rat brain during prolonged treatment with imipramine or amitriptyline.

The influence of imipramine (IMI) or amitriptyline (AMI) on the level of immunoreactive leu-enkephalin (ir-LENK) in the striatum and hypothalamus was studied in rats. Each drug was given by drinking water once or over periods of 1, 3, 4 and 6 months. The ir-LENK in brain perfusates was measured after 3 or 9 month treatment with IMI. The results obtained indicate that during prolonged administration of IMI the central enkephalinergic system is dynamically changed. We have observed that chronic (but not acute) administration of IMI induced different effects on LENK level in the examined structures than changes caused by treatment with AMI.

Amitriptyline↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rapid test for screening of narcotic analgesics in mice.

50 microliter of a solution of 0.35 N NH4OH containing 2.325% EDTA and 0.837% NaCl injected intradermally in mice elicited reproducible short term behavior typical for nociceptive stimulus. This behavior was inhibited specifically by narcotic analgesics. This procedure may be used as a specific test for screening and for dose--effect studies of narcotic analgetic drugs in mice.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prenatal ethanol diminishes reactivity of presumed dopamine D3 receptors in rats.

Ethanol abuse in pregnancy is known to produce serious damage to the developing central nervous system of mammalian species. As with several other classes of nerves, the ontogenetic influence of ethanol on dopamine (DA) nerves is long-lived. To test whether reactivity of DA receptors might be altered by prenatal ethanol administration, rats were given 10% (v/v) ethanol in their drinking water, starting 10 days before mating and continuing to the end of pregnancy. Male offspring were tested at 3 months for behavioral effects known to be induced by DA agonists acting at specific subtypes of DA receptors. The oral activity dose-effect curve for SKF 38393, a DA D1 agonist, was not altered from control. However, quinpirole-induced yawning behavior, reputedly a DA D3-associated event, was markedly impaired in the male rats that had been exposed in utero to ethanol. These findings indicate that prenatal ethanol exposure may predominately produce diminished reactivity of the DA D3, but not DA D1 subtype of DA receptor.

2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-ben↗