PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

W Friedrich

Publications and source records attributed to W Friedrich.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Vascularization of the myocutaneous latissimus dorsi flap. Injection study on the thoracodorsal artery.

This study reports on investigations of the thoracodorsal artery by injection studies. This artery has a long proximal extramuscular course before it enters the muscle. A consistent neurovascular hilum was found at a considerably constant location on the inferior muscle surface, 2-3 cm medial to its lateral edge and about 5 cm distal to the inferior scapular border. A constant branching pattern of the thoracodorsal artery into a lateral and a medial vessel stem was found. A high number of muscle-perforating arteries from a dense network in the cutaneous and subcutaneous layer. The thoracodorsal artery supplies the whole cutaneous area adjacent to the latissimus dorsi muscle plus a streak of about 2 cm at the medial and distal muscle borders. The presented anatomical landmarks are useful for locating the neurovascular hilum, and the intramuscular course of the thoracodorsal artery for exploration of the vessel by Doppler sonography or dissection. The length of the pedicle and the relatively big vessel gauge are good anatomical markers for the free transfer of a latissimus dorsi flap.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Myocutaneous vascular territory of the thoracoacromial artery. A topographical and morphometric study of the arterial vascularization of the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap.

In order to clarify the vascularization of the pectoralis major muscle by the pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial artery, morphometric investigations and selective injection studies of the vessel were performed. A comparison with the anatomical orientation points clinically used for locating the vessel and its course confirms that the origin of the artery is at a constant spot at half the sternoacromial distance; the main vessel axis, however, deviates considerably from the clinically used acromioxiphoid axis in lateral direction. The lumen of the thoracoacromial artery has a range of more than 150% of the smallest vessel. Atherosclerotic alterations are not the reason for this variety but only an additional handicap for the vessel capacity. Two types of muscle-perforating arteries were found, and the cutaneous area of blood supply was defined.

Acromion↗
PubMed1987

Two new vitamin B-12 factors from sewage sludge containing 2-methylsulfinyladenine or 2-methylsulfonyladenine as base component.

Two hitherto unknown vitamin B-12 factors were isolated from sewage sludge. They were degraded with cerous hydroxide to cobinamide and the corresponding nucleoside. The nucleosides were further split with dilute hydrochloric acid to the bases and D-ribose. The structure of the two bases was found to be 2-methylsulfinyladenine and 2-methylsulfonyladenine. This was revealed by mass, infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and by comparison with the synthetic compounds. On addition of the synthetic bases to fermentations with Propionibacterium acidi-propionici the vitamin B-12 factors containing the corresponding base were formed. They were identical with the 2-methylsulfonyladenylcobamide and 2-methylsulfonyladenylcobamide originally isolated from sewage sludge.

Cobamides↗
PubMed1987

[Bone marrow transplantation in childhood. Possibilities and risks].

Bone marrow transplantation has attained significant importance in the treatment of serious congenital and acquired disorders of the lympho-hemopoietic system. In this review, some basic principles of this therapeutical approach as well as its main risks and complications are outlined. Therapeutical results, as currently obtained in children undergoing bone marrow transplantation, in children undergoing bone marrow transplantation, are reviewed and current and future developments which are necessary for further improvement are discussed.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1987

[Treatment of Fanconi anemia by bone marrow transplantation].

We report on our experience with allogenic bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of Fanconi anemia. Eight patients were treated, ranging in age from 5 to 17 years. Beside severe hemopoietic insufficiency, all patients exhibited typical cytogenetic abnormalities with an increased rate of chromosomal breaks, while constitutional signs of the disorder were rather variable. Marrow donors were HLA-identical siblings. For conditioning, we used cyclophosphamide at 5 mg/kg on 4 consecutive days followed by thoraco-abdominal irradiation at 5 Gy with full lung shielding. For prophylaxis of graft versus host disease, cyclosporin A was given except in 3 cases who received T-cell depleted marrow. In 2 of the latter cases, graft failure was observed, successfully reversed in one by retransplantation. All others showed prompt and stable engraftment of donor cells. Complications of graft versus host disease developed in 2, requiring prolonged immunosuppressive treatment. Of 8 transplanted patients, 7 survive. With the exception of a recently treated girl, they have normal stable marrow functions. Our results confirm that successful treatment of Fanconi anemia is possible in a majority of patients with HLA-identical donors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Bone-marrow transplantation for immunodeficiencies and osteopetrosis: European survey, 1968-1985.

In this retrospective analysis of allogeneic bone-marrow transplantation (BMT) carried out between 1969 and 1985 at fourteen European centres in 162 patients with sixteen different types of inherited immunodeficiencies and osteopetrosis, the overall survival with functional grafts was 51.7% (85 patients), with a minimum follow-up of 5 months. In patients with severe combined immunodeficiency HLA-matched (n = 41) and T-cell-depleted HLA-mismatched BMT (n = 46) resulted in 68% and 57% disease-free survival, respectively; after HLA-mismatched transplants, older age (greater than 6 months) and adenosine-deaminase deficiency resulted in poorer survival. Eight other lethal immunodeficiencies, including profound T-cell deficiencies, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, Kostmann syndrome, LFA-1/CR 3/p150,95 deficiency, and Chediak-Higashi syndrome as well as malignant osteopetrosis, have been successfully treated by BMT. In this group, survival with functional graft was 47% with HLA-matched and 29% with T-cell-depleted HLA-mismatched BMT. Engraftment failure was the major complication in this group. Poorer prognosis was associated with older patients, profound T-cell deficiencies, and the degree of HLA incompatibility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The follicular phase stimulated by human pituitary gonadotropin and the luteal phase following in vitro fertilization.

The pattern of follicular and luteal phase levels of serum estradiol-17 beta (E2) and progesterone (P) are compared between 5 conception (group P) and 27 nonconception (group N) cycles of patients undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Follicle growth was induced with human pituitary gonadotropin and controlled by daily ovarian ultrasonography measuring the follicular diameters. Group N has significantly (p less than 0.025) higher E2 levels from day -10 up to d-6 as compared with the group P. The day of laparoscopy is designated day 0. In group N the length of E2 phase with E2 levels, exceeding 1.84 nmol/l (500 pg/ml) serum, is greater (p less than 0.001) than in group P 6.9 and 5.6 days, respectively. It is suggested that modifications occur in the endometrium caused by high E2 levels acting for a long time, which disturb the implantation of transferred embryos. No significant differences exist between group N and P, if the diameters of the largest follicle or the mean diameters of the secondary follicles or the number of follicles with a diameter greater than 14 mm are compared. No significant correlations were found between these variables and the E2 levels. A significant correlation (r = 0.85, 14 patients) exists between the E2 rise and the increase of follicular diameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Ultrasound fields in attenuating media.

For medical ultrasonic imaging and for nondestructive testing, the attenuation of pressure waves and the resulting shift in wave velocity are important features in commonly used transmission media such as biological tissue. An algorithm for the numerical evaluation of pressure field distributions generated by ultrasonic transducers is presented. The attenuation and dispersion of the sound transmission medium are taken into consideration. The sound fields are computed numerically for continuous wave as well as pulse excitation. The transducer has plane or gently curved geometry and is embedded in a plane rigid baffle. The numerically determined pressure fields are presented as 3D plots, as gray-scale images for a fixed time stamp (like a snapshot), or as isobars regarding the maximum values over time for each local point in the area under investigation. The algorithm described here can be utilized as a tool for design of ultrasound transducers, especially array antennas.

Algorithms↗