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Biomedical subjects

W G Case

Publications and source records attributed to W G Case.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

One-year follow-up of anxious patients treated with diazepam.

A 1-year follow-up was conducted on patients who had participated in a 6-month diazepam maintenance study. Of 180 patients contacted, 131 patients (73%) responded. Observed relapse rate was 63%, and Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL) scores at follow-up were significantly higher for relapsed than for nonrelapsed patients. Two thirds of all relapsed patients sought some kind of medical, social, or psychiatric help, frequently including medication. Patients who were the most improved at the end of the diazepam maintenance trial consistently had the lowest HSCL scores at the time of follow-up. The implication of these findings for the management of chronic anxious patients is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Triorchidism.

Triorchidism is a rare congenital abnormality in which there are three testes. Approximately 70 cases have been reported in which histological examination has confirmed the diagnosis. This is a report of a further case of triorchidism in a 12-year-old boy. Some interesting features of previous cases are summarized, and the possible anatomical variations of testes, epididymis and vas are outlined.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Surgical treatment of pneumatosis coli.

This report is of five cases of primary pneumatosis coli, four of whom underwent five surgical resections. Follow-up was from nine months to ten years with one recurrence nine years after sigmoid colectomy. This experience indicates that primary pneumatosis coli is now more common than pneumatosis cystoides intestinales of the small bowel. We also feel that there is a place for surgical resection of symptomatic pneumatosis coli even in the absence of acute complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Diazepam and desmethyldiazepam plasma concentrations in chronic anxious outpatients.

Within the framework of a large-scale clinical study on the effect of diazepam in chronic anxiety, diazepam (D) and desmethyldiazepam (DD) plasma concentrations were determined frequently. Significant relationships were found between the clinical effect and the plasma concentrations of D and DD, respectively; a curvilinear relationship resulted if the dosage was disregarded, but within the individual dosage groups the relationship was found to be linear. For these computations, the daily diazepam dose was treated as a covariable in a factorial analysis of variance approach. It was found, in addition, that the daily diazepam dose was one of the most significant predictors of the plasma concentration of D or DD, respectively. The steady state plasma concentrations were highest in patients experiencing an exacerbation of their conditions of anxiety if they were returned to placebo after 14 to 22 weeks of diazepam medication. The lowest steady state concentrations were found with those patients who showed withdrawal symptoms under these conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Long-term diazepam therapy and clinical outcome.

This double-blind study involved the continuous (six to 22 weeks) treatment of 180 chronically anxious outpatients with diazepam, 15 to 40 mg/day. Our findings indicate that a significant number of patients benefit from prolonged diazepam treatment and that tolerance to the anxiolytic effect of diazepam does not develop during a 22-week study period. The duration of continual treatment with sedative-benzodiazepines was clearly the most important determinant of withdrawal reactions. Patients treated continuously for less than eight months with sedative-benzodiazepines had an incidence of withdrawal of 5%, whereas 43% of patients treated for eight months or more demonstrated clear withdrawal reactions. While these withdrawal reactions produced considerable distress, they were neither life threatening nor incapacitating and did not include convulsions or psychotic reactions. In all cases, withdrawal reactions could be readily managed by gradually tapering the dose of the benzodiazepine.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Trazodone in depressed outpatients.

The authors compared the nontricyclic antidepressant trazodone with amitriptyline and placebo in a double-blind study of 202 unipolar depressed outpatients. Trazodone's clinical efficacy was similar to that of amitriptyline, with both active drugs producing significantly more clinical improvement than placebo. The incidence of anticholinergic side effects was lower for the patients taking trazodone than for those taking amitriptyline.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Amoxapine and imipramine in the treatment of depressed outpatients: a controlled study.

In a double-blind, controlled study 158 outpatients with unipolar depression were treated for six weeks with amoxapine, imipramine, or placebo to assess the antidepressant effects of the new dibenzooxazepine compound, amoxapine. Forty-five amoxapine, 43 imipramine, and 27 placebo patients completed at least four weeks of treatment. Active drugs produced significantly more improvement at treatment endpoint, according to several physician-rated measures, but patient-rated measures failed to differentiate among treatments. Both active drugs at daily doses up to 200 mg produced an equal amount of moderate and marked global improvement, and both produced significantly more side effects than did placebo.

Amoxapine↗
PubMed1980

Relapse after short-term drug therapy in neurotic outpatients.

A 6-month follow-up of 184 anxious depressed neurotic outpatients who reported improvement after controlled drug trials of several weeks duration revealed an astonishing relapse rate of 81% for anxious and 87% for depressed patients. Early as compared to late relapse was associated with more chronicity and less improvement at the end of the drug trial, while type of drug received did not affect relapse. Onset of relapse had no effect on help-seeking behavior. At time of follow-up, non-relapsed patients had lowest and untreated relapsed patients had highest symptom levels. It was concluded that short-term drug treatment alone does not represent sufficient therapy for chronic neurotic anxious or depressed outpatients.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Diazepam and halazepam in anxiety: some prognostic indicators.

A multiple step-search regression procedure was applied to data obtained with 37 diazepam and 42 halazepam treated anxious outpatients. Good treatment outcome was predicted for those patients who reported a more adequate family adjustment, the presence of precipitating stress, and who either had no prior psychotropic drug treatment, or if they had received such treatment, had experienced a good response. Probably of greatest interest to the practicing clinician was the observation that patients high in initial anxiety but low in initial interpersonal problems improved the most with both medications. Differential drug effects indicated halazepam to do particularly poorly in less anxious patients and in those patients given a good prognosis by the doctor. Diazepam response was much less affected by these variables. It is speculated that the excessive sedating effect of the daily halazepam dosage (160 mg/d) used in this study may explain these differential drug effects. In the dosages employed, namely, diazepam 20 mg/d and halazepam 160 mg/d, diazepam produced the more consistent anti-anxiety effects. The indication that halazepam 160 mg/d was more effective than diazepam 20 mg/d in the initially sicker patients, while of interest, is probably simply a dose-related phenomenon, indicating that diazepam 20 mg/d was too low a daily dosage for severely anxious patients, a fact well known by most clinicians.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Lorazepam and diazepam in anxious outpatients. A controlled study.

The response of 134 anxious neurotic outpatients to lorazepam, diazepam, and placebo was assessed in a 4-week double-blind trial. Both active drugs produced significantly more symptom reduction than placebo. Lorazepam, however, proved effective primarily in those patients who did not complain of sedation, and produced greatest improvement in initially sicker patients. Sedation was significantly more disturbing to lorazepam-treated patients than to diazepam-treated patients. Present findings suggested that 3 mg/day of lorazepam may be too high a dosage for mildly anxious patients, while 15 mg/day of diazepam seems an appropriate dosage for mildly anxious patients but may be too low a dosage for highly anxious patients.

Adult↗