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Biomedical subjects

W Goldhofer

Publications and source records attributed to W Goldhofer.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Intrauterine detection of dorsolateral diaphragmatic hernia using ultrasound].

Congenital posterolateral diaphragmatic hernia occurs in one out of 2,500 live births. Prenatal diagnosis is made via sonographic demonstration of the displaced abdominal organs that can be found in the thoracic cavity as a cystic or solid mass. Early antenatal evidence of this malformation can improve the normally poor prognosis of the newborn, as planned delivery and prompt operative treatment can be performed. Antenatal sonographic diagnosis of a left-side diaphragmatic hernia is demonstrated in two cases.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1986

[Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of a cystic coccygeal teratoma with retroperitoneal extension].

The most common teratoma of th newborn is the sacrococcygeal, which contains tissues of all three germinal layers. It is located over and under the sacrum or the coccyx and may extend in front of the sacrum into the retroperitoneal region. The teratoma can lead to compression of the ureters with resultant hydronephrosis or to obstruction of the rectum. The most important complication is the malignant change which usually occurs between the fourth month and the third year. Because of the complications early diagnosis of the teratoma is necessary and extirpation should be carried out as soon as possible. The present paper reports on the sonographic findings in a sacrococcygeal teratoma with retroperitoneal extension at 37 weeks gestation. The aetiology and pathogenesis of this malformation and the clinical findings are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Extrauterine pregnancy: sonographic criteria and their clinical value].

The most common criteria for the ultrasonic diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy are: 1. An enlarged uterus without a gestational sac, 2. A progesterone-stimulated endometrium (internal uterine echos), 3. Cul-de-sac fluid (blood) and 4. An adnexal tumour. To assess the clinical usefulness of the described criteria in a prospective study, ultrasonography was performed preoperatively in 25 patients with ectopic pregnancy. The ultrasonograms were coded for uterine size, intrauterine echoes, adnexal mass, and cul-de-sac fluid. Of 25 ectopic pregnancies, a correct positive ultrasonic diagnosis was made in 80%, while a false negative diagnosis was made in 20%. In most cases an adnexal mass could be identified (68%), whereas cul-de-sac fluid and an uterine enlargement without gestational sac was seen only in one-half of the patients. Internal uterine echoes could be found in only 36% of the patients. An ectopic gestational sac with viable foetus was seen in one case only. Due to the variability of ectopic pregnancy, no pathognomonic features can be defined. For this reason, ultrasonography cannot be considered an absolutely reliable method for the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.

Female↗
PubMed1985

[Sonographic image of a form of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita].

AMC is a collective term for a group of sporadic or inherent diseases characterised by multiple non-progressive congenital joint contractures. The report demonstrates the sonographic findings of a neural form of AMC at 38 weeks' gestation. Aetiology, pathogenesis and clinical findings of this malformation are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Biometry of the large bones of fetal extremities in the 3d trimester].

Ultrasound measurement of head, thorax and the limb bones femur, tibia, humerus and radius was made of 285 fetuses with known gestational age. In addition measurements of the fibula were obtained in 120 fetuses and of the ulna in 125 fetuses. With the use of these data a normal growth curve for each limb bone was established, which can be helpful in detecting late fetal limb malformations as heterozygous achondroplasia. All limb bones show a nearly linear growth rate so that the length of the bones can alternatively be used to determine gestational age. The linear relationship between growth of the limb bones and the fetal head can be used to diagnose fetal head malformations as microcephaly.

Arm↗
PubMed1984

[Amniotic band syndrome in ultrasound].

Ultrasonographic examination during pregnancy is of great value in detecting changes in the amniotic fluid such as oligohydramnios, and severe fetal malformations, before the 24th week of pregnancy. A case of ADAM syndrome in the 22nd week of pregnancy is reported. In this case, the sonographic findings were very marked. The pathogenesis of the malformation is discussed.

Amniotic Band Syndrome↗
PubMed1980

Surface antigenic characteristics of human melanoma cells defined by xenoantiserum raised against papain-solubilized melanoma-associated antigens.

Xenoantiserum to human malignant melanoma was prepared by immunizing rabbits with melanoma associated antigens (MAA) solubilized from melanoma cell membrane by limited papain digestion. The antiserum was absorbed extensively with red cells, leukemia cells and cultured lymphoid cell lines, and was assayed for its reactivity with different human cell types by the indirect membrane immunofluorescence and radioimmunoprecipitation techniques. The data obtained suggest that there are at least two different MAA on human melanoma cells. The first is melanoma-group specific and can be detected commonly on different melanoma cell lines. The second is oncofetal and is shared by melanoma, carcinoma, and fetal cells tested thus far. Immunoprecipitated material from melanoma cell membrane that had been radioiodinated with lactoperoxidase and solubilized with a non-ionic detergent was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, which showed two major peaks with estimated molecular weights of 90,000 and 120,000 daltons. The 90,000 molecular weight component appears to be oncofetal, as it disappeared when the antiserum was absorbed with either melanoma or carcinoma cell lines.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Influence of x-rays on the B- and T-cells in the spleen of mice and their reaction on mitogenetic substances (author's transl)].

Total irradiation of mice with 100 R, 350 R and 600 R leads to a significant decrease of T- and B-cells which depends directly on the irradiation dose. This decrease can already be demonstrated on the first day after the irradiation, it reaches its culminating point on the tenth day after the irradiation. After an irradiation with 100 R, the cells of the spleen or irradiated mice show no reduced capacity of being stimulated by phytohemagglutinine, Pokeweed mitogen, and concanavalin A, in case of an irradiation with 350 R this capacity is significantly reduced only until the third day after the irradiation. The animals irradiated with 600 R show a decrease on the first day, then they have a phase of recovery on the third day which is followed by a second decrease (biphasic depression). Independently of the irradiation energy, the reduced number of B- and T-cells in the irradiated mice returns to normal values until the 48th day of observation. The functional activities, however, show a disturbance the extension and duration of which are depending on the irradiation dose.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[The influence of pregnancy specific serum factors on the mitogen induced culture of lymphocytes (author's transl)].

The addition of 10% serum of pregnant patients to a culture of lymphocytes from healthy non-pregnant control persons inhibits the stimulation of these lymphocytes by the mitogens phytohemagglutinin (PHA), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and concanvalin A (Con A). The inhibitory effect increases with increasing duration of pregnancy. Sera from pregnant patients which already inhibit during the first trimester of pregnancy show an increase of this effect with increasing length of gestation. The influence of several hormones and proteins was investigated in order to detect a factor in the pregnant serum responsible for the inhibition of the lymphocyte culture. Compounds which are known to increase during gestation were added as pure compounds in various concentrations to the lymphocyte culture. An inhibitory effect on the lymphocyte culture in vitro was shown dependent on the amount, by human placental lactogen, alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, cortisol, progesterone and SPI glycoprotein and alpha-2-macroglobulin. The estrogens estriol and estradiol in physiologic dosages did not show an inhibitory effect and showed a stimulatory effect in higher dosages.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1977

[The influence of pregnancy on the immunologic reactivity of the mother. Investigations into the reactivity of the peripheral lymphocytes to mitogens and on the percentage rate of B-cells in the maternal blood during pregnancy (author's transl)].

In pregnant women, lymphocytes from the peripheral blood were stimulated with phytohemagglutin (PHA), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and Concanavalin A (CON A) and the percentage rate of B-cells was determined. Compared to healthy non-pregnant controls of the same age, no significant difference in the stimulation or the percentage of B-cells was found at different times of pregnancy. The observation of other authors was confirmed that phytohemagglutin induced stimulation of lymphocytes in non-pregnant controls can be diminished by the addition of pregnant serum instead of the normally used homologus AB serums. Our results lead to the conjecture that the diminished reactivity of the maternal lymphocytes during pregnancy is not intrinsic to the lymphocyte in pregnancy but more likely due to inhibitory substances in the serum of the pregnant patient.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prenatal ultrasound findings in Arnold-Chiari deformity].

The Arnold-Chiari malformation is a congenital deformity characterized by displacement of parts of the cerebellum, fourth ventricle, pons and medulla oblongata into the spinal canal. The ACM almost always is associated with a hydrocephalus and a myelomeningocele. The report demonstrates the sonographic findings of a ACM at 20 weeks' gestation. Clinical findings, aetiology and pathogenesis of the malformation are discussed.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Syndrome of the absent umbilical cord in ultrasound].

A case is presented of complete aplasia of the umbilical cord with concomitant severe anomalies of the fetus at 19 week's gestation. The sonographic findings are demonstrated and the pathogenesis of this rare malformation is discussed.

Abdominal Muscles↗