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Biomedical subjects

W Gu

Publications and source records attributed to W Gu.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors after hepatectomy for primary liver cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prognostic factors for primary liver cancer (PLC) after hepatectomy. METHODS: 182 patients who underwent hepatectomy for PLC from 1988 to 1996 were included for univariate and Cox multivariate analysis. 20 factors contributed to the long-term survival rate (SR) and the disease-free SR were analysed. RESULTS: The cumulative SR (n = 182) in 5 years was 43.3%. The 5-year SR and disease-free SR in the curative resection (CR) group (n = 156) were 48.0%, 24.9%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that classification of CR and differentiation grade were significant factors for the long-term SR, and classification of CR and Child-Pugh's classification were significant factors for the disease-free SR. The 5-year SR and disease-free SR for pathological CR, clinical CR and non-CR (palliative resection) groups were 61.1%, 20.4%, 0 and 28.8%, 15.5%, 0, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The classification of CR is the determining prognostic factor. Pathological CR is the first option for patients with requirements. To control liver disease and improve adjuvant therapy are essential to decreasing the recurrence and metastasis rates.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Determination of inorganic arsenic in food by hybrid generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS)].

A hybrid generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry method (HG-AFS) was developed for determining total inorganic arsenic, As(III) and As(V). The inorganic arsenic in food extracted by 6 mol/L HCl and total inorganic arsenic could be determined in 2 mol/L HCl. As(III) was determined selectively in mixtures of As(III) with As(V) by the different acidities of As(III) and As(V) at hybrid generation. The linear correlation ranges of total inorganic arsenic and As(III) are 0-400 micrograms/ml and 0-300 micrograms/ml respectively. The RSD of inorganic arsenic is 1.93% and As(III) is 2.49%. The detection limits are 1.6 and 1.1 micrograms/ml for inorganic arsenic and As(III) respectively. There is no interference in the determination of general food samples.

Arsenic↗
PubMed1999

[Studies on chemical constituents of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb) Vahl].

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of Forsythia suspensa. METHOD: Basedon silicacolumn chromatography, of which six compounds were obtained from the alcohol extract of F. suspensa, three identified by physicochemical and spectroscopic analyses. RESULT: The three compounds were identified as stearic acid, palmitic acid and beta-sitosterol. CONCLUSION: The three compounds were separated from F. suspensa fruits for the first time.

Forsythia↗
PubMed1999

[Chemical composition of Fordia cauliflora Hemsl].

OBJECTIVE: To study chemical constituents of the root of Fordia cauliflora. METHOD: Three compounds were obtained from the ethanolic extract of the roots of F. cauliflora by silica column chromatography, and identified by physico-chemical and spectroscopic analysis. RESULT: The compounds were identified as stearic acid, palmitic acid and beta-sitosterol. CONCLUSION: These compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Fabaceae↗
PubMed1998

[Association between angiotensin II type I receptor gene and human essential hypertension].

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the angiotensin II type I receptor gene might be implicated in human essential hypertension. METHODS: This was a case-control study on hypertension and normal blood pressure in Chinese DNA abstracted samples from 51 cases of essential hypertension and 74 normal controls were analysed by polymerase chain reaction,digestion of restriction enzyme and electrophesis. RESULTS: The genotype frequency of 1166A/1166C was 0. 196 (10/51) in the essential hypertension group, 0.081 (6/74) in the control group. The genotype frequency of 1166C/1166C was 0 in both groups. The gene frequency of 1166C was 0.098 in the essential hypertension group, 0.041 in the controls. There was a significant increase in allelic frequency of 1166C in hypertension. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the increase in allelic frequency of 1166C is a risk factor and hence suggest that the change in the angiotensin II type I receptor gene is associated with essential hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

ESA1 is a histone acetyltransferase that is essential for growth in yeast.

Posttranslational acetylation of core histone amino termini has long been associated with transcriptionally active chromatin. Recent reports have demonstrated histone acetyltransferase activity in a small group of conserved transcriptional regulators directly linked to gene activation. In addition, the presence of a putative acetyltransferase domain has been discovered in a group of proteins known as the MYST family (for its founding members MOZ, YBF2/SAS3, SAS2, and Tip60). Members of this family are implicated in acute myeloid leukemia (MOZ), transcriptional silencing in yeast (SAS2 and YBF2/SAS3), HIV Tat interaction in humans (Tip60), and dosage compensation in Drosophila (MOF). In this report, we express a yeast ORF with homology to MYST family members and show it possesses histone acetyltransferase activity. Unlike the other MYST family members in Saccharomyces cerevisiae this gene is essential for growth.

Acetyltransferases↗
PubMed1998

Linkage analysis and comparative mapping of canine progressive rod-cone degeneration (prcd) establishes potential locus homology with retinitis pigmentosa (RP17) in humans.

Progressive rod-cone degeneration (prcd) is the most widespread hereditary retinal disease leading to blindness in dogs and phenotypically is the canine counterpart of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in humans. In previous efforts to identify the genetic locus for prcd, the canine homologs for many of the genes causally associated with RP in humans, such as RHO, PDE6B, and RDS/peripherin, have been excluded. In parallel with a recent undertaking to establish a framework map of the canine genome, multiple prcd-informative pedigrees have been typed with a panel of more than 100 anchor loci and microsatellite-based markers. Identification of a linkage group flanking prcd ([TK1, GALK1, prcd]-[MYL4, C09.173, C09.2263]-RARA-C09.250-C09.474-NF1) localizes prcd close to the centromeric end of canine chromosome 9 (CFA9), and excludes RARA as a candidate gene. The conserved synteny of this region of CFA9 and distal human chromosome 17q establishes the potential locus homology of prcd in the dog with RP17, a human retinitis pigmentosa locus for which no gene has yet been identified. Assignment of the prcd disease locus to an identified canine autosome represents a powerful application of the developing canine linkage map in medical genetics. The usefulness of this approach is further demonstrated by identification of the correspondence of the prcd interval to homologous human and mouse chromosomal regions. The rapid progress that is now occurring in the field of canine genetics will expedite the identification of the genes underlying many of the inherited traits and diseases that make the dog a unique asset for the study of mammalian traits.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

The RNA- and DNA-binding protein TB-RBP is spatially and developmentally regulated during spermatogenesis.

Testis brain RNA-binding protein (TB-RBP) suppresses translation in vitro and attaches mRNAs to microtubules by binding to conserved elements in the 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of specific testis and brain mRNAs. Purification of TB-RBP from testicular and brain cytoplasmic extracts has revealed that mouse TB-RBP is 99% identical to the human protein translin, a recombination "hot spot" binding protein associated with chromosomal translocations. Using a cDNA encoding TB-RBP, the gene copy number and the developmental expression of TB-RBP have been analyzed by Southern blotting, Northern blotting, and in situ hybridization. In the mouse, TB-RBP is encoded by a single copy gene. In mouse testes, three TB-RBP mRNAs of about 1.2, 1.7, and 3.0 kb are developmentally regulated with high levels of expression in meiotic and postmeiotic germ cells. A fourth TB-RBP transcript of about 3.2 kb is seen in the brain. In situ hybridization confirms high levels of testicular TB-RBP mRNAs in meiotic and postmeiotic cells, with the highest levels of TB-RBP mRNAs in pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids of the mouse and in round spermatids of the rat. RNase H digestion assays reveal that the three TB-RBP mRNAs of mouse testes result from processing differences in their 3' untranslated regions. These data demonstrate that multiple TB-RBP mRNAs are primarily expressed in meiotic and postmeiotic germ cells in the mammalian testis, and although the specific RNA-binding ability of TB-RBP appears limited to brain and testis, TB-RBP mRNAs are widely expressed.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Targeting of MOF, a putative histone acetyl transferase, to the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster.

Dosage compensation ensures that males with a single X chromosome have the same amount of most X-linked gene products as females with two X chromosomes. In Drosophila, this equalization is achieved by a twofold enhancement of the level of transcription of the X in males relative to each X chromosome in females. The products of at least five genes, maleless (mle), male-specific lethal 1, 2, and 3 (msl-1, msl-2, msl-3) and males absent on the first (mof), are necessary for dosage compensation. The proteins produced by these genes form a complex that is preferentially associated with numerous sites on the X chromosome in somatic cells of males but not of females. Binding of the dosage compensation complex to the X chromosome is correlated with a significant increase in the presence of a specific histone isoform, histone 4 acetylated at lysine 16, on this chromosome. Experimental results and sequence analysis suggest that the mof gene encodes an acetyl transferase that plays a direct role in the specific histone acetylation associated with dosage compensation. Recently, RNA transcripts encoded by at least two different genes have also been found associated with the X chromosome in males. We have studied the role played by the various components of the complex in the targeting of MOF to the X chromosome. To this end, we have used indirect cytoimmunofluorescence to monitor the binding of these components in males carrying complete or partial loss-of-function mutations as well as in XX individuals in which formation of the dosage compensation complex has been induced by genetic means.

Acetyltransferases↗
PubMed1998

Identification of a RAPD marker linked to progressive rod-cone degeneration in dogs.

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis has been used widely in plant and fungi for identification of markers linked to genetic traits and mapping, but its use is limited to identification of intra- and inter-species difference in domestic mammals. We report here identification of a RAPD-derived marker linked to progressive rod-cone degeneration (prcd), an inherited autosomal recessive retinal disease of dogs. A total of 400 standard 10-mer primers were used for amplification by use of DNA samples from normal (+/+) and affected (prcd/prcd) dogs. A single primer was identified which amplified a 1.5-kb DNA fragment only from normal dogs. PCR with longer primers designed from the sequence-characterized amplified region of the 1.5-kb DNA fragment identified a co-dominant multi-allelic polymorphism in the prcd-informative pedigree. Three recombinants were identified among 34 informative offsprings, yielding a LOD score of 5.568 at theta = 0.091. This marker was mapped to two canine-rodent hybrid cell lines in which two genes (canine homologues of human breast cancer 1 susceptibility gene, and cGMP phosphodiesterase gamma-subunit gene), and three anonymous microsatellites have been identified. This is the first reported identification of a RAPD-derived marker with multiple alleles linked to a mammalian disease locus.

Alleles↗
PubMed1998

Oxidation of cysteamine induced by gas-phase radicals from combustion smoke of poly (methyl methacrylate).

In order to obtain fundamental knowledge on biological damage caused by the smoke from combustion of poly(methyl-methacrylate) (PMMA), we investigated the oxidation of cysteamine induced by PMMA smoke. We suggest that the long-lived and oxygen-centered radicals involved in PMMA smoke should play an important role in the oxidation of cysteamine. The mechanism for the oxidation of cysteamine by combustion smoke of PMMA was postulated as radical initiated chain reactions, taking into account the effect of pH, oxygen and radical concentrations.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1998

Mammalian male and female germ cells express a germ cell-specific Y-Box protein, MSY2.

Here we report the isolation and characterization of mouse testicular cDNAs encoding the mammalian homologue of the Xenopus germ cell-specific nucleic acid-binding protein FRGY2 (mRNP3+4), hereafter designated MSY2. MSY2 is a member of the Y box multigene family of proteins; it contains the cold shock domain that is highly conserved among all Y box proteins and four basic/aromatic islands that are closely related to the other known germline Y box proteins from Xenopus, FRGY2, and goldfish, GFYP2. Msy2 undergoes alternative splicing to yield alternate N-terminal regions upstream of the cold shock domain. Although MSY2 is a member of a large family of nucleic acid-binding proteins, Southern blotting detects only a limited number of genomic DNA fragments, suggesting that Msy2 is a single copy gene. By Northern blotting and immunoblotting, MSY2 appears to be a germ cell-specific protein in the testis. Analysis of Msy2 mRNA expression in prepubertal and adult mouse testes, and in isolated populations of germ cells, reveals maximal expression in postmeiotic round spermatids, a cell type with abundant amounts of stored messenger ribonucleoproteins. In the ovary, MSY2 is present exclusively in diplotene-stage and mature oocytes. MSY2 is maternally inherited in the one-cell-stage embryo but is not detected in the late two-cell-stage embryo. This loss of MSY2 is coincident with the bulk degradation of maternal mRNAs in the two-cell embryo.

Alternative Splicing↗
PubMed1998

[Chemical constituents of Bufo Siccus].

OBJECTIVE: To study the chemical constituents of Bufo Siccus. METHOD: Based on silica column chromatography six compounds were obtained from the alcoholic extract of Bufo Siccus and identified by physico-chemical and spectroscopic analyses. RESULT: The compounds were identified as cholesterol, beta-sitosterol, resibufogenin, cinobufagin, bufalin and gamabufotalin. CONCLUSION: Studies on the chemical constituents of Bufo Siccus were reported for the first time.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Resection of small primary liver cancer: clinical analysis of 82 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To determine which clinicopathologic features and surgical modalities are related to the prognosis of small primary liver cancer (SPLC). METHOD: Eighty-two patients who had under gone operations for SPLC (<or= 5.0 cm in diameter) from 1988 to 1995 were retrospectively studied. 60 patients were HBsAg positive, and 71 patients suffered from liver cirrhosis. Bisegmentectomy, segmentectomy and partial resections were performed in 13, 14 and 55 patients separately. RESULT: The overall operative mortality was 1.2%, and the 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates were 92.7%, 72.5% and 54.3%, respectively. The 5-year survival rates of 78 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma according to histologic features were 79.6%, 49.9% and 41.1% in well-differentiated (15 patients), moderately (53), and poorly differentiated (10) groups. Recurrence and metastasis rates in 1, 3, 5 years were 12.8%, 40.7% and 71.5%, separately. CONCLUSION: SPLC has the same history of large PLC. Early diagnosis and limited hepatic resection are very important to decrease the mortality and increase the survival rate.

Adult↗