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Biomedical subjects

W H Boyce

Publications and source records attributed to W H Boyce.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Management of the papillae during intrarenal surgery.

The papillae are involved in renal disease and, hence, are an inextricable consideration in intrarenal surgical procedures. Guide lines for their management are newly emergent and, consequently, tentative. If divided along intra-arterial planes they appear to heal with little functional impairment. Resections of papillae, which are limited to the intracaliceal portions, involve no medullary structures and heal without apparent dysfunction.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Ultrasonic evaluation of the prostatic nodule.

Prostatic nodules detected on rectal examination of 50 patients were evaluated by the usual means and by prostatic ultrasonic scanning. Nodules were characterized as being either malignant, benign, inflammatory or stones. Those patients without evidence of calcification on radiography underwent prostatic biopsy and the histological findings were compared to the ultrasonic study. All histologically confirmed malignancies were diagnosed preoperatively and there were no instances of falsely negative ultrasonic studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Anatrophic nephrolithotomy in the solitary kidney.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 30 patients who had undergone anatrophic nephrolithotomy for staghorn calculus disease in a solitary kidney. No statistically significant difference (p greater than 0.1) was found between the average preoperative and postoperative renal function values. Of 27 patients who were infected preoperatively 19 were rendered free of further urinary tract infection and 24 of 30 patients (80 per cent) had no further recurrence of renal calculi. Because of the predictable morbidity and mortality associated with the non-operative management of staghorn calculus disease these patients are managed best by the complete surgical removal of all calculi and intensive antimicrobial therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The use of the ureteric stent.

The use and placement of ureteric stents either endoscopically or as part of an open procedure are outlined. The ureteric stent can replace the pyelostomy or nephrostomy tube and significantly reduce the postoperative morbidity.

Child↗
PubMed1978

Human renal neuraminidase.

An assay technique for determination of renal neuraminidase (sialidase) activity is described. Consistent and reproducible results were obtained in studies of rat renal tissue. Neuraminidase activity was detected in all human renal specimens studied; however the degree of activity was not related to the presence of renal calculi or infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Spherical calcium bodies in stone-forming urine.

Twenty-four hour urine specimens from 26 active stone formers and 15 non-stone formers were passed through an ultrafilter that retained all molecules with a molecular weight greater than 50,000. Microscopic spherical bodies that laked alizarin red were observed in the urinary ultrafiltrate from 24 of 26 active stone formers. Only three of 15 non-stone-forming control urines contained these bodies. Histochemical studies showed the presence of calcium, phosphorus, and carbohydrate-protein complexes. No crystalline elements were detected.

Calcium↗
PubMed1978

Biochemical profiles of stone-forming patients: a guide to treatment.

A formal protocol, controlled metabolic evaluation is essential to the most effective treatment of any patient with renal calculi, regardless of the crystalline composition of the stone. The design of the protocol and of the data sheets should be compatible with ease of diagnosis and selection of corrective therapeutic measures. These data also serve as a reference to monitor response to treatment. Treatment is highly individualized with the objective to reduce all potentially crystallizable ions to basal levels. If this is difficult to accomplish certain ratios of ions are brought to as near normal values as possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The localization of intrarenal calculi during surgery.

This is a summary review of past and present technology for accurate anatomical localization of calculi within the surgically exposed kidney. The methodology is applicable to reconstructive renal surgery for pathological processes other than calculi.

Fluoroscopy↗
PubMed1977

Adjuvant antimicrobial therapy with renal calculus surgery.

A randomized prospective study was done, comparing massive penicillin dosage (60 million units) to the recommended dose of ticarcillin (200 mg. per kg.) in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections. A total of 50 patients with staghorn or multiple calculi who underwent anatrophic nephrolithotomy was entered into the study during a period of 14 months. Bacteriologic results were comparable. No significant toxicity from either massive penicillin or ticarcillin was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Radical prostatectomy: palliation for stage C carcinoma of the prostate.

An objective comparison is made of patients with stage C carcinoma of the prostate treated with radical prostatectomy versus more conservative measures. Morbidity from local manifestations of the tumor left in situ was markedly increased, whereas those patients afforded an extirpative operation had a much improved quality of life.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate: relationship to calcium metabolism and renal lithiasis.

Recent concepts in calcium metabolism are being applied to the renal stone-forming patient. As our understanding of physiological mechanisms improves urinary cyclic nucleotide determinations are becoming useful in applied patient care. The changes in urinary cyclic adenosine monophosphate excretion as related to the different forms of hypercalciuria are reviewed.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1977

Observations on the ultrastructure and genesis of urinary calculi.

Conventional and scanning electron microscopy of calcigerous renal calculi discloses typical concentric laminations, radial striations and microspherules. Random axial distribution of oxalate crystals and their coating by electron-dense matrix fibers with a definite parallel orientation and cross-linkages are evident. The biochemical relationship of uromucoid to matrix substance A is described. It is suggested that renal sialidase may convert the urinary uromucoid to matrix substance A, whose apatite-covered fibers may be responsible for epitaxial nucleation of some crystal systems. Our studies indicate that the intimate apatite-matrix relationship occurs in the human nephron, probably as an intracellular phenomenon. Subsequent extrusion of these mineralized complexes into the lumen of the nephron (intranephronic calculosis) may, in some instances, represent the initial microanatomic stage of renal calculogenesis.

Calcium Phosphates↗
PubMed1977

Recent progress in ultrasonography of the bladder and prostate.

Gray scale transrectal ultrasonography has proved to be a valuable adjunct in the evaluation of patients with tumors of the prostate and bladder. Its application in patients with prostatic disease is in the detection of early asymptomatic tumors, in the accurate staging of local disease and in the following of patients after the institution of specific treatment. Although it is not being used for the detection of bladder tumors the procedure is a reliable means to evaluate the degree of tumor invasion so that proper therapy can be instituted.

Calculi↗
PubMed1977

Intrarenal nephrolithotomy and reconstruction of the solitary kidney.

There were 30 patients with solitary kidneys containing staghorn claculi who have been subjected to nephrolithotomy with extensive plastic revision of strictured calices using local renal hypothermia. These patients have been followed for 8 months to 16 years and all have had a recent in-hospital evaluation of renal function and recurrent stone formation. No surgical mortality occurred (death within 3 months of operation). Seven patients have died postoperatively, only 1 of whom had associated progressive deterioration of renal function as a contributory cause of death. It is concluded that surgical removal of calculi from a solitary kidney is a relatively safe procedure that results in significant improvement in the patient's well being. The degree of improvement is of such a nature that it may be equated to "cure of the disease" in 63 per cent of the patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The stone-forming kidney: a study of functional differences between individual kidneys in idiopathic renal lithiasis.

The 24-hour urinary excretion of various electrolytes, as well as the glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow and maximal rate of tubular excretion of para-aminohippuric acid was measured in each kidney of 10 patients with idiopathic renal lithiasis. Results in hypercalciuric patients indicate that, in contrast to earlier views, actively stone-forming, normally functioning kidneys are normocalciuric but hypophosphaturic in comparison to their mates with inactive or no stone disease, which are hypercalciuric but normophosphaturic. Therefore, hypophosphaturia rather than hypercalciuria may be an important calculogenic factor in some patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Hypoplasia of the major renal conduits.

An unusual case of a patient surviving a bilateral congenital anomaly of the major renal conduits is presented. Anatomical features of this case, considered with present embryological ideas in mind, support the concept of a continuum of disorders of the major renal conduits. The literature is reviewed and interesting microsurgical techniques with hypothermia enabling reconstruction of the collecting systems and renal preservation are discussed.

Abscess↗