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Biomedical subjects

W H Daughaday

Publications and source records attributed to W H Daughaday.

198 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1967

Human placental lactogen: studies of its acute metabolic effects and disposition in normal man.

The acute metabolic effects and disposition of human placental lactogen (HPL) have been studied in 15 men and 8 women during continuous intravenous infusions. The mean plasma half-life, metabolic pool size, and turnover rate of HPL are comparable to the values previously reported for human growth hormone (HGH). From the data presented, we calculate that the placenta secretes approximately 290 mg HPL daily at term. After 12-hour infusions of HPL in physiologic amounts, impairment of glucose tolerance despite increased plasma insulin responses to glucose was observed in 7 of 8 subjects tested. However, HPL, unlike HGH, did not produce significant changes in blood glucose, plasma insulin, or plasma free fatty acid concentrations in fasting subjects before glucose administration or in carbohydrate tolerance or plasma insulin responses to glucose during 5-hour infusions. These findings are compatible with the thesis that HPL is a physiologic antagonist to insulin during pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Viral perturbation of endocrine function: disordered cell function leads to disturbed homeostasis and disease.

Virus-induced disease occurs both through direct destruction of cells by viruses and/or secondarily through lysis of infected cells by immunological assault. We asked whether viruses could also cause injury and disease by altering the cell's normal or expected functions without destroying the cells. Here we show that a relatively noncytopathic virus can perturb endocrine functions by disordering the synthesis of a hormone needed for growth and glucose regulation, while replicating in a specialized cell making that hormone. Yet, despite viral replication and alteration in synthesis of the specialized cell's homeostatic product, the infected cell remains free from structural injury.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A sensitive method for detection of circulating forms of human growth hormone by immunoautoradiography.

Several different forms of hGH have been isolated from the pituitary, but little is known about modifications of synthesized forms that may exist in the circulation. We used a combination of serum immunoextraction with gel electrophoresis and electrophoretic blotting to detect circulating hGH isohormones. Three different components were identified, with the predominant form being 22,000 MW isomer. The method is sensitive to nanogram quantities of hGH and is applicable to the screening of human serum for the presence of variants of hGH.

Autoradiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bovine somatotropin supplementation of dairy cows. Is the milk safe?

Complex, biologically active proteins (eg, enzymes and hormones) can be manufactured safely and cost-effectively through applications of biotechnology. Some of these proteins (eg, human insulin, human somatotropin, rennet for cheese manufacture) are currently approved for medical or food processing applications. Bovine somatotropin (bST) for lactating dairy cattle is another product that can be produced via biotechnology and may allow dairy farmers to produce milk at a lower cost. In 1985, based on an evaluation of toxicological data, the Food and Drug Administration concluded that milk and meat from bST-supplemented cows was safe and wholesome. The Food and Drug Administration has authorized the use of milk and meat from bST-supplemented cows in the commercial food supply. Its evaluation of the impact of bST supplementation on the long-term health of dairy cattle is near completion, and bST may be approved for commercial use in early 1991.

Animals↗