Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to W H Garvie.
Forty patients with multiple recurrent superficial bladder tumours received an 8-week course of weekly instillations of 4' epirubicin 30 mg in 50 ml saline. The overall response rate was 58% and side effects were minimal.
The records of Aberdeen men requesting vasectomy between 1978 and 1981 were studied and a sample of men were interviewed about 3 years after the operation; 85% completed the standard requirements for seminal analysis and were given the "all clear"; two-thirds were cleared after sending 2 samples and usually within 20 weeks after vasectomy; 10% of men sent at least 1 sample but were never cleared and the remaining 5% ignored the requirements. Information from 70 men (63 interviews, 7 questionnaires) gave some indication of reasons, often multiple, for incomplete or non-compliance; these included embarrassment, ambiguous feelings about having more children, inadequate understanding of reproductive physiology and blind faith in the surgeon.
Scrotal ultrasound scans carried out on 156 patients were reviewed in a retrospective study and the sonographic findings and indications evaluated. Ultrasound was able accurately to distinguish the normal from the pathological scrotum. Extratesticular lesions were readily differentiated from testicular lesions. Abnormal testicular echo patterns were usually associated with tumours, but orchitis, granulomas and haematomas were found to have a similar appearance. Occult testicular tumours could readily be identified. Ultrasound was also useful in excluding underlying pathology in hydroceles, in the diagnosis and follow-up of epididymitis and other epididymal lesions and in the assessment of underlying testicular damage in traumatic haematoceles. Ultrasound may also be useful in post-orchiectomy follow-up examinations to exclude tumour in the contralateral testis.
Gynaecomastia occurs in up to 10% of patients with malignant testicular tumours. In most cases a testicular mass will be easily palpable but occasionally these tumours are occult. Ultrasound has been shown to be of value in the detection of occult neoplasms in patients presenting with nodal disease. Two patients with gynaecomastia and palpably normal testes are presented in whom testicular tumour was diagnosed by ultrasonic examination of the scrotum.
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The effect of the Walker 256 rat carcinoma, growing at a site remote from the liver, on liver glycogen synthesis has been determined. Although the mechanism has not been defined it has been shown that the deposition of liver glycogen in response to a glucose load is inhibited in tumour bearing rats. It has been further demonstrated that, by comparison with the normal liver, the liver depleted of glycogen is more susceptible to the development of metases from circulating cancer cells.
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