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Biomedical subjects

W H Knobloch

Publications and source records attributed to W H Knobloch.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

The visual status of diabetic patients after renal transplantation.

To determine the effect of renal transplantation on visual status, we studied 134 eyes of 67 diabetic patients prospectively for one to seven years, with a mean of three years, after surgery. The best-corrected visual acuity and retinopathy status were determined at the time of surgery and annually thereafter. Useful visual acuity (greater than or equal to 6/15 [20/5o]) was present in 49% (66) of the eyes at the time of the baseline examination and in 51% (69) at the final determination. Of the 134 eyes 40% (54) were legally blind (less than or equal to 6/60 [20/200]) before surgery. Sixty-eight percent (91) of the eyes showed no significant visual change during the period of follow-up, 15% (20) showed significant improvement, and 17% (23) deteriorated significantly after surgery. With regard to the retinovitreous findings, 13% (12) of the eyes had non-proliferative retinopathy, 20% (26 had active proliferative retinopathy, and 67% (90) had inactive or involutional retinopathy. The results of this study showed stable or improved visual function in 83% (111) of the eyes after renal transplantation. Transplantation before dialysis becomes necessary may ben an important consideration in an attempt to reduce the high incidence of visual impairment in diabetic patients with renal failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Retinal astrocytoma.

A 41-year-old man had a 6 x 6 x 5-disk diameter amelanotic tumor in the posterior fundus. The clinical and fluorescein angiographic appearance suggested a benign retinal vascular tumor, although amelanotic choroidal melanoma and retinoblastoma were diagnostic possibilities. An incisional 48-hour radioactive phosphorus (32P) uptake test was performed and the result showed an increased uptake over the tumor mass of 100% as compared to the control quadrants. The globe was enucleated and the pathologic diagnosis was isolated astrocytic glioma of the retina with minimal, if any, malignant potential. The highly developed vascular system of the tumor probably contributed to the false-positive test result.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Ocular perforation following retrobulbar anesthesia for retinal detachment surgery.

We encountered three examples of the perforation of the globe by the retrobulbar needle in a series of 4,000 patients who had undergone retinal reattachment surgery with local anesthesia. The presence of significant myopia was a contributing factor in all three cases. We managed the perforation site through the detached retina with cryopexy and external tamponade, and we treated perforations through the attached retinas either with cryopexy at surgery or photocoagulation postoperatively.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Involutional diabetic retinopathy.

The end-stage or involutional phase of proliferative diabetic retinopathy may result in stabilization of vision for long periods of time. However, the clinical resemblance to the progressive tapetoretinal degenerations suggests that marked functional impairment of the retina is present in such eyes. We studied 19 eyes with involutional retinopathy to document the status of the retinal function. Studies included fluorescein angiography, visual field examination, dark adaptation testing, color vision testing, electro-oculography and electroretinography (ERG). The results indicated marked functional abnormalities in all eyes. The ERG tracings showed uniformly subnormal responses and delayed implicit times, similar to those of dominantly inherited retinal pigment degeneration, and indicative of a progressive retinal disorder. In two patients, color vision testing showed defects similar to those seen in inherited tritanopia; and in the remaining patients, defects were indicative of an acquired blue-yellow dyschomatopsia.

Adaptation, Ocular↗
PubMed1977

Retinal pigment epitheliitis.

Sixty-one patients with retinal pigment epitheliitis were studied. Fifty-two eyes in 40 patients were followed for 2 years. Good central visual acuity was maintained in more than 80% of these eyes. The differential diagnosis of retinal pigment epitheliitis and the characteristic findings are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Inherited hyaloideoretinopathy and skeletal dysplasia.

Twenty-one patients from five families displaying the ocular defects of dominantly inherited hyaloideoretinopathy as originally described by Wagner were surveyed radiographically for skeletal defects. A mild generalized epiphyseal dysplasia was found in twenty. A comparison of the skeletal dysplasia associated with arthro-ophthalmopathy and that found in families with Wagner's disease reveals more similarities than differences. It is concluded that Wagner's disease is a dominantly inherited syndrome of ocular defects that includes myopia, vitreous syneresis with membranes, and radial perivascular chorioretinal degeneration. It is associated with radiographically demonstrated generalized epiphyseal dysplasia that is manifested clinically by flattening of the mid-face and palatoschisis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1971

A dominantly inherited syndrome of hyaloideoretinal degeneration, cleft palate and maxillary hypoplasia (Cervenka syndrome).

A dominantly inherited syndrome of myopia with hyaloidopathy, retinal detachment, cleft palate and flattening of the midface is described. The finding of genua valga, hip joint deformity, hypospadias and mental retardation noted in a few cases suggests that this may be a more complex dysmorphogenetic syndrome than is currently evident. It is not known at the present time whether hereditary progressive arthro-ophthalmopathy (Stickler syndrome) and the Cervenka syndrome are identical or different formal genesis syndromes.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Idiopathic retinal dialysis.

Idiopathic retinal dialyses accounted for 1.8% of 1,789 eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachments diagnosed in two institutions over the 6-year period from 1972 through 1977. These detachments characteristically occur in the inferotemporal quadrant of young adult eyes and often are associated with demarcation lines, retinal cysts, peripheral microcystoid degeneration, and yellow-white vitreous opacities. This study provides additional evidence that a distinct type of retinal detachment secondary to nontraumatic retinal dialyses exists. The authors believe that these dialyses probably are secondary to a developmental abnormality of the inferotemporal periphery of the retina and vitreous base. Trauma may precipitate these dialyses but is not the primary cause.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Predicting visual acuity in children with colobomas involving the optic nerve.

BACKGROUND: This study evaluates the relationship to visual acuity of four ophthalmoscopic features of colobomas involving the optic nerve. The goal was to identify those features that could predict potential visual acuity of children with these colobomas. METHODS: Fundus photographs of 23 eyes with colobomas involving the optic nerve met the entry criteria and were evaluated by two masked observers. The following features were evaluated: coloboma size, optic nerve color, foveal development, and subfoveal retinal pigment epithelial changes. Simple linear regression was used to identify the feature that most closely correlated with visual acuity. Refractive status was assessed by cycloplegic refraction. RESULTS: The only component that correlated with the development of good visual acuity was the degree of foveal involvement by the optic nerve coloboma (P = .002, R = 0.8). Significant refractive error and anisometropia were common in patients with colobomas involving the optic nerve. CONCLUSION: Central visual acuity in children born with colobomas involving the optic nerve correlates with the development of normal foveal anatomy, regardless of the size of the coloboma, the color of the optic nerve, or the presence of subfoveal pigmentary changes. Because refractive error is common, these children should receive an accurate refraction and amblyopia treatment.

Child, Preschool↗