Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to W H M Castro.
It is not scientifically proven that problems in the neck, shoulder, arm and hand which patients complain of after repetitive activities at work, are due to structural damage caused by physical stress at the workplace. As a consequence, from the orthopedic point of view, RSI cannot be accepted as a work-related disease.
Recently, systematic reviews and evidence-based guidelines on whiplash have appeared, from which preventive recommendations can be derived. Fear of moving, catastrophic thoughts and avoidance of activity seem to play an important role in the transition from acute to chronic symptoms. Early reassurance and the advice to remain active can prevent the development of chronic symptoms following whiplash. In the acute and subacute phase, if there is still no recovery despite information designed to reduce anxiety, referral to a physiotherapist for active exercise therapy and management is indicated. In the chronic phase, depending on which factors play a role in the given patient, referral to active exercise therapy or a multi-disciplinary training programme may be considered.
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A review of the literature revealed that there are no new scientific data which can rule out the existence of an isolated traumatic meniscus tear. However, the large number of publications on the subject of meniscus pathology do suggest that the traumatic tear of a "healthy" meniscus without ligamental or osseous concomitant lesions is indeed very rare. In order to perform an individual medical examination, therefore, medical experts need every available information to assess such a case.