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Biomedical subjects

W H Saunders

Publications and source records attributed to W H Saunders.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Modified Asai procedure.

To develop a method of establishing speech in the patient who could not develop esophageal speech after laryngectomy, a modification of the Asai procedure with a specially designed Silastic prosthesis was used in three female patients. All three patients had immediate return of voice and were pleased initially. Eventually, however, because of complicating factors, all three operations were revised back to the original state and the new method considered as a failure. The reason for this presentation is to stimulate other surgeons to consider the problem further and perhaps to glean from this technique some useful considerations.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Aspergillosis of the sphenoid sinus.

Three of the four previously described patients with isolated aspergilosis of the sphenois sinus died, owing to intracranial extension of the infection. The case reports of two patients with sphenoid aspergillosis are presented in which surgical exteriorization and aeration of the involved sinus was curative.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Drug therapy in otomycosis: an in vitro study.

Otomycosis represents a small percentage of clinical external otitis. This well documented entity is often a stubborn clinical problem and, in contrast to bacterial external otitis, there is no otic preparation with specific antifungal activity. In response to this lack of otic preparations, we have surveyed in vitro a variety of available preparations to determine the general spectrum of activity against appropriate bacterial and fungal species. An agar-disc diffusion system was used testing the drugs against (1.) bacteria common in external otitis, and (2.) a variety of yeast and filamentous fungi. Aqueous Merthiolate and Cresylate demonstrated good non-specific antimicrobial activity, while nystatin and clotrimazole demonstrated specific antifungal activity. Otic preparations can now be used which have demonstrated in vitro effectiveness and give an alternate means of therapy to the now empirically selected otic preparation used for otomycosis.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1976

Functional hearing loss.

Functional hearing loss is a rather common entity, although it probably is overlooked more often than not. In most instances, the services of an experienced audiologist are necessary if one is to detect these cases. First, one must consider carefully the patient's behavior before and during the otologic and audiologic examination, and note the referral source, if any, since patients with certain backgrounds are more apt to exhibit functional hearing loss than others. Second, careful attention is given to certain aspects of the initial basic audiometric examination. Discrepancies here often stand out and point clearly toward functional loss. A so-called "modified approach" to conventional audiometry has enabled us to detect almost all cases of functional hearing loss without resort to the special audiometric tests designed for that purpose.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphologic and immunohistochemical observation of otosclerotic stapes: a preliminary study.

Stapes with otosclerotic lesions obtained during stapedectomies were examined with light microscopy, histochemistry, immunochemistry, and electron microscopy to elucidate the cellular mechanism(s) involved in this disease process. Three types of lesions were identified: cellular (spongiotic), fibrotic, and sclerotic. The cellular type is characterized by monocyte, macrophage, osteoblast, and osteoclast recruitment and their activation. Macrophage recruitment is an early event of otosclerosis. The fibrotic type is characterized by extensive fibrosis of the bone, and the sclerotic type is characterized by a paucity of bone cells. Cytochemical results showed a large accumulation of granular substances positive for periodic acid-Schiff stain along the edge of the marrow spaces coinciding with ultrastructural calcospherite deposits, suggesting that glycosaminoglycans are involved in the mineralization process. Acid phosphatase is largely localized in the osteoclasts, but a sporadic diffusion of this enzyme was observed in the demineralizing front of the preotosclerotic lesion. Immunoglobulin G and complement C3 were colocalized in pericapillary tissue, suggesting deposit of immune complex in the spongiotic lesion. This finding indicates a possibility that immune mechanisms are involved in otosclerosis.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rehabilitation of the shoulder after radical neck dissection.

After classical radical neck dissection with removal of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and division of the spinal accessory nerve, there are certain disabling or disagreeable musculoskeletal defects. This paper describes the muscular deficiencies and gives a set of exercises which can be counted on to minimize the problems.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Otosclerotic stapes: morphological and microchemical correlates. An electron microscopic and x-ray analytical investigation.

A total of 32 otosclerotic stapes is thin-sectioned without decalcification and examined using transmission and scanning electron microscopes, with a nondispersive x-ray analyzer attached to the latter. These otosclerotic stapes are classified as spongiotic, sclerotic, or preotosclerotic, accoring to their pathologic characteristics and state of mineralization. Either diffuse or patchy demineralization in the ground substance appears to be the initial stage of otosclerosis, and this area coincides with preotosclerotic lesions (also known as blue mantle) in light microscopy. Therefore, it is interpreted that demineralization precedes the destruction of ground substance in the preotosclerotic lesion. Bone mineral deposits in new otosclerotic bone appear to be related to the collagen fibrils that are embedded in the ground substance. No mineral deposit could be seen without the ground substance deposition; therefore, it is suggested that this ground substance is the single most important factor in the poor mineralization of the otosclerosis. The sclerotic lesions are well mineralized and show a typical pattern of hydroxyapatite by x-ray diffraction study. We could not confirm the notion that the sclerotic lesion is hypermineralized as compared to the normal stapes. The spongiotic lesions are poorly mineralized, with low calcium salt. Using the Ca/P ratio and x-ray diffraction pattern as criteria, it was determined that spongiotic lesions belong to unstable, immature bone.

Bone Marrow↗