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Biomedical subjects

W Henle

Publications and source records attributed to W Henle.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Epstein-Barr virus-related serology in marrow transplant recipients.

Serial sera from 50 marrow transplant recipients were examined for their spectra and titers of antibodies to EBV-specific antigens. Immediately before or after transplant, blood products passively transferred antibodies to EB viral capsid antigen (VCA) and EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA). In most recipients, passively-transferred antibodies were replaced by endogenous antibodies regardless of whether donor or recipient had EBV antibodies before transplantation. Commencement or resumption of endogenous EBV antibody production was not associated with signs of infectious mononucleosis or heterophil antibody responses. Antibodies to VCA rose to abnormally high titers, followed successively by antibody to early antigens (EA), and disproportionately low levels of anti-EBNA. Unusually high anti-VCA and anti-EA levels persisted when tests of immune function returned to normal. Antibodies to other herpes group viruses showed no consistent changes. We conclude that (1) EBV does not cause significant clinical problems in marrow transplant recipients; (2) persistent EBV infection can become established or reestablished in the presence of antibodies to EBV; (3) marrow transplant recipients show the same exaggerated immune response to EBV as other immunodeficient patients; and (4) the pattern of EBV-specific antibodies may be a more sensitive measure of defective cell-mediated immunity than most conventional tests of immune function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Frequency and levels of antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus-specific DNase are elevated in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Sera from healthy individuals and patients with infectious mononucleosis, Burkitt lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, or other malignancies were examined for their capacity to neutralize Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-induced DNase activity. Sera were found that neutralized the EBV DNase but not herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 DNases, and vice versa. Sera from 46 of the 49 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma examined (94%) neutralized > 6 units of EBV DNase per ml of serum. In contrast, only 19% of 47 patients with Burkitt lymphoma, 12% of 183 patient with other malignancies, 4% of 58 patients with infectious mononucleosis, and none of 101 healthy individuals had such levels of neutralizing activity. The neutralizing factor was found in the IgG fraction derived from nasopharyngeal carcinoma sera. There was no correlation between the concentration of these antibodie and the titers of IgG ad IgA antibodies to the EBV capsid antigen, the early antigen complex, or the EBV-associated nuclear antigen.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1980

Anti-EBV serologic tests for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Sixty-three serum specimens from American patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were examined for antibodies to antigens associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and compared with 98 specimens from patients with other head and neck cancers, 133 from patients with benign head and neck diseases, and 96 from healthy donors. The level of antibody titers to EBV-associated antigens was correlated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The anti-EBV profile of elevated antibody titers directed against viral capsid antigen and early antigen was seen in undifferentiated and nonkeratinizing tumors but usually not in squamous cell tumors. Titers tended to rise with large increases in total tumor burden caused by distant metastases, often before clinical evidence of metastases. At the time of diagnosis, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity testing was performed on serum samples from 46 of the patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Pretreatment titers were usually low in patients in whom recurrence developed and were high in most of the patients who had a good response to treatment and have remained free of recurrence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Epstein-Barr virus infection in renal transplant recipients. Effects of antithymocyte globulin and interferon.

We studied Epstein-Barr (EB) virus excretion and antibody in 41 renal transplant recipients enrolled in a placebo-controlled trial of human leukocyte interferon. Half the patients were also treated with antithymocyte globulin. Epstein-Barr virus excretion occurred more often in recipients of cadaver kidneys (P = 0.03) and those receiving antithymocyte globulin (P = 0.04) and less often in patients given interferon (P = 0.08). Antibody to viral capsid antigen increased fourfold or more in 12 of 22 patients treated with antithymocyte globulin and in none of the non-antithymocyte globulin-treated group (P = 0.0002). Antibody to the restricted component of early antigen rose fourfold or more in eight patients and appeared related to the occurrence of syndromes similar to those attributed to cytomegalovirus in transplant recipients. We conclude that increasing immunosuppression augments the rate of EB virus reactivation and that EB virus may be an important pathogen in heretofore ill-defined syndromes.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1979

Relationship between the Epstein-Barr virus genome and nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Caucasian patients.

In order to explore whether undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) shows a regular association with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), regardless of the geographical and ethnic origin of the patient, a correlated histopathological and nucleic acid hybridization study was performed on biopsies from Caucasian patients with nasopharyngeal carcinomas and from various controls. Among 12 undifferentiated NPCs, 11 were positive for EBV-DNA, with multiple copies of the viral genome per cell. Serological tests showed elevated anti-VCA and anti-EA(DA) titers. Six NPCs with various degrees of squamous differentiation, four malignant lymphomas of the nasopharynx and seven carcinomas located outside the nasopharynx were EBV-DNA negative. These findings further stress the uniqueness and regularity of the association between EBV-DNA and undifferentiated NPC. Clearly, the association extends over geographical barriers and holds true not only in the previously studied, moderate-incidence African ethnic group, but also in the low-incidence Western patients.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1979

Diagnostic aspects of the cytomegalovirus mononucleosis syndrome in previously healthy persons.

The mononucleosis-like syndrome due to cytomegalovirus (CMV) has many clinical features in common with classic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) induced infectious mononucleosis (IM). The hematologic and hepatic findings in both diseases are identical. Diagnosis of the CMV-IM syndrome usually can be made on the basis of indirect immunofluorescence for CMV macroglobulins (CMV-IgM). EBV virologic tests may also be necessary, as patients with primary EBV infections may have cross-reactions at low titer in the CMV-IgM test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Persistent falsely positive rapid tests for infectious mononucleosis. Report of five cases with four--six-year follow-up data.

In many laboratories, rapid slide tests incorporating differential absorption have replaced heterophil antibody tube tests in the investigation of suspect infectious mononucleosis. The present report describes serologic data from five individuals whose Monospot tests remained falsely positive for four years or more without other evidence of infectious mononucleosis or underlying disease states. Three of the five had never been infected with the Epstein-Barr virus. All five had negative results when studied with the ox cell hemolysin and the horse cell differential absorption tube tests. False-positive test results have also been encountered in healthy controls, as frequently as in patients with underlying disease states. The authors are unable to attach any clinical significance to the findings of an isolated falsely positive Monospot test even when it persists for many months or years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Primary infection with Epstein-Barr virus in infants in the United States: clinical and serologic observations.

Previous studies in Ghana had shown that primary infections with Epstein-Barr virus in infants under the age of two years remain silent and evoke antibody responses different from those seen in infectious mononucleosis. In order to determine whether or not these observations were limited to Africa, 80 American infants presenting with minor infectious complaints were studied serologically; 14 (17.5%) showed evidence of recent or current primary infections with Epstein-Barr virus. The clinical features of these 14 infants were similar to those of the other 66 and did not suggest a diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis, nor were there histories of a recent infectious mononucleosis-like illness. Ten (72%) had antibodies to the early antigen complex induced by Epstein-Barr virus; however, these antibodies were directed, as in the Ghanaian infants, against the restricted rather than the diffuse components, in contrast to the pattern generally observed in infectious mononucleosis. Possible reasons for the differences between the responses of infants and those of older individuals to primary infection with Epstein-Barr virus and to the early antigen complex are discussed.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1979

Development of antibodies reactive in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in infectious mononucleosis.

Serial sera from patients with infectious mononucleosis were examined for the emergence of antibodies reactive in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity tests, using Epstein-Barr virus-superinfected Raji cells as targets. For this specific purpose, the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity test proved to be of limited sensitivity because only relatively high serum dilutions can be tested dependably, due to prozone effects at low serum concentrations, and because antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity reactions at the 5% level are not always statistically significant. Under the conditions of the test, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity-reactive antibodies were not measurable, or only barely measurable, in early-acute-phase sera, but they became detectable during convalescence and increased thereafter, gradually over many months to the range of titers seen in healthy persons after long-past-primary Epstein-Barr virus infections. The percentages of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity ultimately attained were on the order of 20% in most patients and healthy individuals, but in others did not exceed 10%. The likely identity of the antibodies reactive in the test with antibodies to late Epstein-Barr virus-determined cell membrane antigens has been discussed.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1979

Epstein-Barr virus-related antibody patterns in ataxia-telangiectasia.

Epstein-Barr virus-related antibody titres were determined in twenty-seven patients with ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) and twenty-two healthy members of their families, in twenty-two patients with other diseases, among them ten with Behçet's disease and ten with various primary immune deficiencies, and fifteen healthy members of their families, and in twenty-three unrelated healthy controls. The AT patients showed an increased incidence (55.6%) of high antibody titres (greater than or equal to 1:320) to viral capsid antigen (VCA), and also a high incidence (48.2%) of antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) induced early antigens (EA), but low titres (less than 1:10) of antibodies to the EBV-associated nuclear antigen (EBNA) in 44.2% of the cases. The geometric means of anti-VCA were three-to four-fold higher, and of anti-EBNA six-fold lower, than those of the control groups. The patients with the other diseases did not differ significantly from the controls except for a higher incidence of anti-EBNA titres of less than 1:10 (38.1% vs 4--5%). AT patients with low anti-EBNA titres tended to have more advanced T cell deficiencies than AT patients with moderate anti-EBNA titres, as detected by counts of total lymphocytes and E-rosetting cells, and skin test responses. The results support the hypothesis that a functioning T cell system is required to release EBNA from EBV genome-carrying cells for initial and maintained production of anti-EBNA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Comparative study of anti EBV antibodies in non-Hodgkin's lymphomams and angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathies (author's transl)].

Antibody titers to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)--related antigens (viral capsid antigen : VCA; early antigen : EA; and EBV associated nuclear antigen : EBNA) were determined in the sera of 86 patients and 150 matched control subjects. The patients belonged to four histological groups : diffuse and nodular non-hodgkin's lymphomas angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathies and apparented syndroms. The incidence of antibodies to other herpes-viruses (cytomégalovirus, herpes simplex virus, and varicella zoster virus) was compared. There was a significantly higher incidence of anti VCA and anti EA titers in some patients, not associated with an increase in titres of antibodies to other herpes viruses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Longitudinal study of Epstein-Barr virus antibody titers and excretion in pediatric patients with Hodgkin's disease.

Nineteen pediatric patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) who had experienced primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) before, or in one case after, diagnosis, were studied longitudinally for changes in the titers and spectra of EBV-related antibodies, excretion of EBV into the oropharynx, the number of EBV-carrying lymphoid cells in the peripheral blood, and clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of reactivation of the latent virus. The incidence and geometric mean titers of IgG antibodies to viral capsid antigen (VCA) in the HD patients at the time of diagnosis and in the controls were similar. The anti-VCA titers of the patients rose above control levels during and after therapy and remained elevated for up to 7 years of observation. At no time were heterophil or VCA-specific IgM antibodies detected. Antibodies to EBV-induced early antigens were more common in patients (ultimately 80%) than in controls (9%). In contrast, antibody levels to EBV-associated nuclear antigen were disproportionally low in the patients. Excretion of EBV was noted at increased frequency in the patients but the number of circulating, EBV-carrying lymphoid cells was the same as in controls. No discrete clinical syndrome was associated with rising antibody titers or viral excretion. While these results are best explained by a presumed reactivation of the persistent EBV infection by immunosuppressive effects of HD or its therapy, they have not provided direct evidence for this suggestion.

Adult↗