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Biomedical subjects

W Hijmans

Publications and source records attributed to W Hijmans.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Hairy-cell leukaemia: a B-lymphocytic disorder.

Fifteen cases of histologically proven hairy-cell leukaemia (HCL) were studied with immunofluorescence, rosette, and phagocytosis techniques. Unfixed hairy cells (HC) bound all kinds of labelled antiserum; but after fixation with formaldehyde a much more selective binding was observed. In two cases no surface-bound Ig was detected; four cases showed gamma and in nine cases two or three heavy chains were found, alpha and delta being the most frequent. Few cases were clearly positive for mu. The picture was invariably monoclonal with respect to light chains. Cytoplasmic Ig was present in only 3/15 cases; it was always IgM. HC did not form E-rosettes or react with a fluorescent anti-T cell antiserum. No EAIgMC-rosettes were formed. All cases showed Fc receptors, which were detected with EAIgG-rosettes (13/13) or with antigen-antibody complexes (6/6). The density of Fc receptors varied widely. Incubation with latex particles resulted in cell-associated particles in 16-63% of the HC; with Staphylococcus epidermidis, the percentage was 2-36. After enzyme treatment (lysostaphin), however, no ingested bacteria were found, which suggests that HC are essentially non-phagocytic. At least 13 cases were therefore classified as B-cell malignancies.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1979

Levels of the serum amyloid A protein (SAA) in normal persons of different age groups.

Serum amyloid A (SAA) has been implicated by three independent studies to increase in concentration with ageing. The present study measured SAA concentration in 395 samples from 302 healthy individuals ranging in age from 21 to 100 years. The average SAA concentration was 20 microgram/ml, with only five serum samples falling below 5 microgram/ml. SAA concentrations are expressed in terms of cross-reactivity of purified, denatured SAA with anti-AA antibodies, rather than the purified, denatured amyloid fibril protein AA from tissues, which has been used in the past. No age-related increase in SAA concentration was observed in the present study. The average SAA concentration in these normal, healthy individuals was almost a hundred-fold less than values measured in acute phase human serum in a separate study with the same reagents.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Influence of age on the immunological activity and capacity of the CBA mouse.

The immunological activity and capacity were studied in the CBA mouse as a function of its age. The activity was determined by the number of immunoglobulin containing (C-Ig) cells in different lymphoid organs and the immunoglobulin levels of the serum in non-artificially stimulated animals. It was confirmed that in older age the bone marrow takes over from the spleen the role of the major site of immunoglobulin production. A clear decrease in the number of C-Ig cells was observed in the mesenteric lymph nodes and the Peyer's patches. The Ig serum remained constant after the sixth month of age, with the exception of an increase of IgG1 and IgG,2B. There was a striking increase in variation between the individual animals with advancing age. From these data it can be concluded that the B-cell system of old animals is as active as that of young adult animals. The immunological capacity of CBA mice of various ages was assessed by measuring the levels of specific antibodies after the administration of human serum albumin in complete Freund's adjuvant. A severe decline of the primary and the secondary response was observed on ageing. The reaction of three year old animals was negligible. The discrepancy between the declining immunological capacity and the constant or increasing immunological activity is explained by an age-related deficiency of the T-cell compartment in the spleen.

Aging↗
PubMed1977

Immunoglobulin-containing cells in different lymphoid organs of the CBA mouse during its life-span.

The number of cells containing cytoplasmic immunoglobulin (C-Ig cells) was determined in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, bone marrow and Peyer's patches of CBA mice of different ages. A rapid increase in the number of C-Ig cells at between 2 and 6 weeks of age was observed in spleen and gut-associated lymphoid organs. The absolute number of C-Ig cells in these organs decreases with advancing age. In the bone marrow, the number of C-Ig cells increases steadily with age up to one year. From one year on, the number remains approximately constant in the males. In female mice, the number of C-Ig cells, mainly of the IgA class, increases sharply around 1 year of age. The spleen is the major site of Ig synthesis up to about 6 months of age. In older animals, the relative contribution of the bone marrow increases with age, possibly due to a gradual shift in the individual animal from primary type responses to a pattern of secondary type responses. No indication of a decreased overall immunological activity in senescence was obtained.

Aging↗
PubMed1976

Microfluorometric evaluation of the specificity of fluorescent antisera against mouse immunoglobulins with the defined antigen substrate spheres (DASS) system.

Highly purified MOPC-21 IgG1, MOPC-173 IgG2a, MOPC-195 IgG2b, MOPC-104 E IgM, and MOPC-315 IgA paraproteins, heterogeneous mouse IgG, Fab and Fc fragments of heterogeneous IgG were prepared and coupled to Sepharose beads. These beads were then used as artificial substrates to test the specificity of fluorescent antisera against mouse immunoglobulins by microflurometry. By comparing the visual evaluation of strained plasma cells and measurements on beads, the highest permissible percentage (FITC) and 6% for a tetramethyl rhodamine iso thiocyanate (TRITC) conjugate. By application of these criteria, 1 out of 7 tested commercial antisera and 6 out of 8 conjugates prepared in this laboratory proved to be satisfactory. The most common impurities were anti-light chain antibodies, as revealed by their reaction with Fab. With the bead system, a good impression of the specificity of an antiserum can be obtained. It gives, however, only approximate information on whether the conjugate will cause a high background staining in the biological specimen.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Microfluorometric evaluation of conjugate-specificity with the defined antigen substrate spheres (DASS) system.

Six fluorescent antihuman Ig preparations were tested for their Ig class specificity by reacting them with highly purified IgG, IgM, IgA, and OVA coupled covalently to Sepharose beads. OVA was used as a measure for nonimmunologic binding. Bead fluorescence was determined by microfluorometry. The amounts of USS and NSS were expressed quantitatively. These data were compared with the performance of these particular conjugates in a biologic system, namely, monoclonal bone marrow cells. Five of the six conjugates satisfied the requirement of monospecific activity; one did not. At a dilution of 1 : 8, the five monospecific conjugates reacted between five and 50 times stronger with their appropriate antigens than with OVA-coupled beads. Cross reactivity with other Ig classes, after correction for OVA staining was maximally 6%. The conjugate that was nonspecific in the bone marrow system gave very high cross reactivity with the Ig-coupled beads. A good correlation was found between OVA bead staining and nonimmunologic binding of conjugates in bone marrow slides. In this respect, conjugates prepared from antibody preparations isolated by solid immunoadsorbents proved to be superior to globulin or whole IgG fractions. Ig coupled to Sepharose beads seems to represent a very promising substrate for conjugate specificity testing.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1975

Waldenström's disease with an IgA paraprotein.

A patient is described, in whom the diagnosis of Waldenström's disease was made on the basis of clinical and morphological findings, but whose M-component belonged to the IgA class of immunoglobulins.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Age-related decline in the antibody response to E. coli lipopolysaccharide in New Zealand Black mice.

A thymus-independent immune function in ageing NZB and BALB/c mice was compared by measuring the antibody response to E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Since it was found that 10-13 month-old NZB mice was particularly sensitive to LPS, this antigen had to be detoxified by alkali treatment. The anti-LPS splenic plaque-forming cell (PFC) response of NZB mice decreases with age and was lower than that of BALB/c mice in all age groups studied. The response of 4- and 10-month-old NZB mice showed an irregular time course and a number of mice showed no response. The present results indicate that, besides an impairment of T-cell functions, an impairment on the B-cell level must also be considered in ageing NZB mice.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Immunoglobulin patterns in humans over 95 years of age.

Immunoglobulin patterns were investigated in seventy-three volunteers older than 95 years. An idiopathic paraproteinaemia was found in 19% of the cases. A restriction of heterogeneity and an imbalance in the kappa/lambda ratio of the immunoglobulins was seen in a number of other sera. Determinations of immunoglobulin levels in sera of individuals without paraproteinaemia showed an increase in IgA and IgG. The quantitations of the IgG subclasses demonstrated that an increase in the IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses is responsible for the elevated level of the IgG. The variation in the immunoglobulin levels increased significantly with age of IgM and for the three major IgG subclasses. No abnormalities were found in the urine or in the mixed saliva. These results indicate that selective changes in the extent of the antibody-immunoglobulin repertoire characterize the immunoglobulin pattern of ageing man.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Cytoplasmic immunofluorescence of bone marrow plasma cells producing immunoglobulins of the four IgG subclasses.

Immunofluorescence studies were performed on bone marrow samples from 21 individuals with normal or slightly elevated serum IgG levels. On the average, 40.7 percent of the IgG-positive plasma cells contained molecules of the subclass IgG; 30.6 percent had intracellular IgG2; 21.7 percent, IgG3, and 7.0 percent, IgG4. These figures were compared to the relative serum IgG subclass concentrations. The principal finding was the discrepancy between the high relative number of IgG-3 producing bone marrow plasma cells and the low relative IgG3-producing bone marrow plasma cells and the low relative IgG3 serum concentration (5.5 percent of the total IgG). It was explained by the short biologic half-life of molecules of this subclass.

Adult↗