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Biomedical subjects

W Horak

Publications and source records attributed to W Horak.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Primary liver cell carcinoma, aetiology and clinical picture (author's transl)].

Geographic area, age and sex influence the epidemiology of hepatoma. Aetiological factors are aflatoxins, sex hormones, thorotrast, alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, immunosuppression, vinylchloride, parasites, cirrhosis of the liver, and the hepatitis-B virus. Early diagnosis of the tumour is possible using alpha 1-fetoprotein estimations and modern morphological methods, particularly scintiscanning. Tumour resection is therapeutically desirable, while selective chemotherapy remains palliative and liver transplantation failed to prolong survival.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

[Serum concentrations of alpha-1-fetoprotein suggestive of, or pathognomonic for hepatoma (author's transl)].

A short review of alpha-1-fetoprotein (AFP), is followed by a presentation of the serum AFP concentrations obtained in healthy subjects and in patients with hepatoma, cirrhosis of the liver or metastatic liver cancer, measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). A calculation is made from these results of the upper limit of normal (9 ng/ml), a limit which is suggestive of hepatoma (215 ng/ml) and a limit which is pathognomonic for hepatoma (7500 ng/ml). It is concluded that the quantitative determination of AFP by RIA represents a sensitive method which provides valuable clinical information for the early diagnosis of hepatoma.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1979

[Immunological markers of hepatitis-A and -B in blood donors from Vienna].

In 1076 sera of healthy volunteer blood donors from Vienna and surroundings HBSAg was positive in 1,7%, HBSAb in 9,5%, HBCAb in 5,7% by radioimmunoassays. HA-Ab was more frequently positive in the rural than in the urban population, its incidence was higher than it was observed by others in Switzerland and in the USA, but lower than in Belgium, Israel, Yugoslavia and Taiwan. 4% of the blood units were positive for HBCAb but negative for HBSAg. The possibility to decrease the incidence of posttransfusion hepatitis by screening for HBCAb is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Benign chronic conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia: rotor syndrome or hepatic storage impairment?].

In a 52-year-old female who was jaundiced since early childhood, marked conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia and a delay of bromsulfophthalein and indocyanine green plasma disappearance rates were observed. Liver histology, plasma bile acids and plasma clearance of 14-C-cholic acid were normal. There was a pronounced impairment of the relative storage capacity of bromsulfophthalein (S = 2,4 mg/mg%) and a moderate decrease of BSP-transport maximum.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1979

[Aetiology of chronic aggressive hepatitis in Vienna, a contribution (author's transl)].

In 32 patients with clinically, biochemically and histologically proven chronic aggressive hepatitis, HBsAg, HBsAb, HBcAb and HA-Ab were determined by radioimmunoassays and HBeAg and HBeAb were estimated by immunodiffusion. HBsAg was positive in 18 patients [57%], HBcAb were found in 23 patients [72%], HBsAg and/or HBcAb were detected in 26 patients (82%). The incidence of HA-Ab was 88%, similar to the frequency of HA-Ab found in healthy blood-donors. The aetiology of chronic aggressive hepatitis was associated with hepatitis B in 82%, and with autoantibodies in 6% of our patients, while in 12% the aetiology remained cryptogenetic.

Austria↗
PubMed1979

[Plasmaperfusion through activated charcoal and amberlite XAD-7 in dogs with liver failure induced by yellow phosphorus (author's transl)].

Various sorbents were tested in-vitro for their ability to support hepatic excretory and detoxification functions, and their in-vivo perfusion with plasma was studied in an animal experiment. Amino acids, particularly phenylalanine and tyrosine, were strongest bound by activated charcoal, while Amberlite XAD-7 removed conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin and bile acids from plasma. Using a cell-separator plasma of dogs, in whom acute liver failure was induced by yellow phosphorus, was perfused through a combination of charcoal and Amberlite XAD-7 without major complications. Platelet counts remained nearly unchanged, platelet aggregation was inhibited reversibly, and circulating platelet aggregates occurred late only. It is concluded that using the method described, therapeutic trials in patients with fulminant hepatic failure can be performed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Etiology and clinical aspects of liver cirrhosis].

This review deals with the clinically important aspects of etiology and symptoms of cirrhosis. Apart from alcohol and hepatitis, which are the most frequent etiological factors, also rare causes of cirrhosis are described, because their knowledge is important for the differential diagnosis of cryptogenic cirrhosis. Portal hypertension is the root of most symptoms and complications in cirrhosis. Therefore, a description of the haemodynamic changes precedes the extrahepatic syndromes, of which renal failures, ascites and portal encephalopathy are discussed more in detail.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1976

Kinetics of [14C]cholic acid in fulminant hepatic failure: a prognostic test.

The kinetics of intravenously injected [14C]cholic acid have been investigated in 14 patients with fulminant hepatic failure, 24 to 36 hr after the development of grade IV encephalopathy. Radioactivity was measured in plasma samples and in the individual plasma bile acid fractions after separation by thin layer chromatography. Plasma disappearance curves of the free [14C]cholic acid were calculated by an iterative nonlinear least squares fitting procedure using a computer. The disappearance of total plasma radioactivity was similar in all patients and greatly prolonged compared with healthy subjects. However, the plasma disappearance of free [14C]cholic acid was significantly faster in the 8 patients who recovered consciousness than in the 6 who did not. Plasma disappearance of free [14C]cholic acid correlated highly significantly with the proportion of conjugated [14C]cholate in plasma. All patients in whom more than 70% of plasma radioactivity was in the conjugated fraction 3 hr after injection survived and left hospital, whereas all of those in whom less than 55% was conjugated died. Measuring the percentage conjugation of [14C]cholate 3 hr after injection may therefore be a useful test of residual liver function in hepatic failure, as a guide to prognosis and in evaluating new forms of treatment.

Adolescent↗