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Biomedical subjects

W J Gould

Publications and source records attributed to W J Gould.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Use of a vascular access system for administration of chemotherapeutic agents to a ferret with lymphoma.

Two months after initiation of chemotherapy, a totally implantable vascular access system was used for the continuing administration of chemotherapeutic agents to a ferret with multicentric lymphoma. The subcutaneously located injection port minimized the need for restraint and facilitated repeated IV administration of drugs. Treatment with a combination of L-asparaginase, vincristine sulfate, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, chlorambucil, and prednisone failed to induce complete remission. Survival time (interval from histologic diagnosis to euthanasia) was 10 months. The vascular access system remained patent and did not cause infection in the surrounding subcutaneous tissues during the 5-month period that it was in position.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Evaluation of urinary cortisol:creatinine ratios for the diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism associated with adrenal gland tumors in ferrets.

Assays were validated for the measurement of urinary concentrations of cortisol and creatinine in domestic ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). Urinary concentrations of cortisol and creatinine and the calculated urinary cortisol:creatinine ratio (UCCR) values were determined for 29 clinically normal female ferrets, 22 clinically normal male ferrets, and 12 ferrets with adrenal gland tumors. The UCCR values for the 51 clinically normal ferrets ranged from 0.04 x 10(-6) to 1.66 x 10(-6), with a median value of 0.22 x 10(-6). The UCCR values were significantly (P < or = 0.01) higher in the 12 ferrets with adrenal tumors, with a range of 0.5 x 10(-6) to 60.13 x 10(-6) and a median of 5.98 x 10(-6). We concluded that determination of UCCR values was useful in the diagnosis of hyperadrenocorticism associated with adrenal neoplasia in domestic ferrets.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Evaluation and treatment of the unilateral paralyzed vocal fold.

The evaluation and treatment of patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis have evolved as improvements in objective measurements of phonatory function and new modalities for treatment have developed. A thorough history, physical examination, subjective voice evaluation, objective voice analysis, and electromyography are used to make a diagnosis, determine the cause, and plan treatment. The goal of treatment of the patient with a unilateral vocal fold paralysis is to restore normal phonatory function without aspiration. Multiple modalities have developed to allow for restoration of nearly normal phonatory function, and these include voice therapy alone or in combination with injection medialization, laryngoplastic phonosurgery, or laryngeal reinnervation. Otolaryngologists should be familiar with the incidence, cause, evaluation, and state-of-the-art treatment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis of optimize patient care and avoid suboptimal results often seen with antiquated or inappropriate treatment.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Malignant histiocytosis in a cat.

A 13-year-old male domestic shorthair cat was found to have normocytic hypochromic regenerative anemia, lymphopenia, eosinopenia, thrombocytopenia, hyperglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time. Transfusions of packed RBC failed to maintain the PCV above 13% for > 8 hours. The cat was euthanatized. At necropsy, the spleen liver, lymph nodes, and bone marrow were infiltrated with malignant histiocytes undergoing erythrophagocytosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Unilateral adrenalectomy as a treatment for adrenocortical tumors in ferrets: five cases (1990-1992).

Adrenocortical tumors were diagnosed in 5 adult spayed ferrets. Four ferrets had bilaterally symmetrical alopecia of the caudal femoral region, abdomen, and tail, and 1 had alopecia of the distal limbs and feet. All 5 ferrets had vulvar swelling. During abdominal ultrasonography, irregular masses, believed to involve the adrenal glands, were seen in all 5 ferrets. Unilateral adrenalectomy was performed successfully in each ferret by use of ventral midline celiotomy. On histologic examination of biopsy samples, 4 ferrets were found to have adrenocortical adenomas, and 1 ferret was found to have an adrenocortical adenocarcinoma. All clinical signs resolved after adrenalectomy, suggesting that the adrenocortical tumors had been secreting adrenocortical hormones.

Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

Use of fenbendazole for treatment of Crenosoma vulpis infection in a dog.

An 8-month-old Labrador Retriever was examined because of a 1-month history of productive coughing unresponsive to ampicillin treatment. Larvae of Crenosoma vulpis were found in fecal samples examined by zinc sulfate centrifugation and Baermann technique. Physical examination abnormalities or larvae in fecal samples were not detected 6 weeks after treatment with prednisone (1 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h, for 7 days, then 0.5 mg/kg, PO, q 48 h, for 8 days) and fenbendazole granules (50 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h, for 3 days). This report suggests that fenbendazole may be effective for treating Crenosoma vulpis infection in dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Surgical correction of an intestinal obstruction in a turtle.

Ingested scutes caused an intestinal obstruction in an 18-year-old turtle. An enterotomy, performed through a flank approach to the celiac cavity, successfully relieved the obstruction. The scutes were ingested during a period of neglect by the owner.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Myiasis in two box turtles.

Two eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) were treated for myiasis caused by Sarcophaga cistudinis. The tortoises were examined because of swellings of the proximal cervical regions. Both fully recovered following surgical removal of multiple larvae.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effects of lateral manual compression upon glottic incompetence: objective evaluations.

Forceful manual compression of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages modifies the position, shape, and tension of the vocal folds. This is the basis of the four laryngeal manual compression tests, adjunctive examinations used as a means of preoperative assessment of patients for medialization laryngoplasty, ie, Isshiki thyroplasty types I and IV and arytenoid adduction. The laryngeal manual compression tests are simple to perform and noninvasive. Each of the four examinations yields valuable information on the effects on the voice of changes in vocal cord characteristics produced by manual compression. In this report, one of the four tests, lateral manual compression, is evaluated objectively with well-attested methods of videostroboscopic, aerodynamic, and acoustic analysis. The technique of performing lateral manual compression is described, and advantages and disadvantages are noted and compared in 10 patients. Preliminary findings in 4 patients in this group indicate that medialization laryngoplasty should be considered when test results are conclusive of effective glottic closure. Data derived in this preliminary study will be augmented as patients are added to the series.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Condylomatous lesions of the upper aerodigestive tract.

Condyloma acuminatum is one of four types of common human verrucous lesions that are of viral etiology. Also known as "moist wart," condyloma acuminatum is most often seen on the mucosal surfaces of the anogenital area. However, occurrences in the mucosal lined areas of the head and neck region are quite rare. Since 1901, 30 cases of condylomatous lesions have been reported in the upper aerodigestive tract, occurring mainly in the various regions of the oral cavity. Eighteen of the cases were confirmed by histopathologic documentation, while the remainder were anecdotal. We have recently encountered six new cases of condyloma acuminatum, verified by histologic examination. One occurred on the tongue, another in the tonsillar fossa, one in the hypopharynx and three on the vocal cords. We present these cases and review the previously reported cases. In addition, we will discuss the differential diagnosis of these lesions, and their importance to the practicing otolaryngologist.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Frequency and amplitude perturbation analysis of electroglottograph during sustained phonation.

Electroglottography (EGG) was used to monitor vocal fold vibration patterns in normal subjects and patients with various laryngeal disorders. In order to evaluate the regularity of vocal fold vibration, frequency and amplitude perturbation of EGG waves during sustained phonation were measured with a laboratory computer. The data were compared to the degree of hoarseness evaluated by auditory perception and by sound spectrographic analysis. Frequency and amplitude perturbation measures showed some overlap between normal and pathological groups. However, there was a close relation between perturbation analysis of EGG waves and degree of hoarseness (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient rs = 0.73, p less than 0.0005). Amplitude perturbation was found to be a more sensitive measure of the irregularity of vocal fold vibration than frequency perturbation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Voice onset in pathologic speakers.

The time interval between the release and beginning of vocal cord vibration in word-initial /p/ and /b/ was measured. The data from subjects with laryngeal pathology are described. /b/ showed larger values compared with the data from normals. It is suggested that such a test of vocal initiation could provide a useful measure for the evaluation of laryngeal dysfunction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Relationships between vocal intensity and noninvasively obtained aerodynamic parameters in normal subjects.

The relationships between vocal intensity (sound pressure level) and intrapulmonic pressure, mean flow rate, and aerodynamic powere were investigated in ten normal subjects. The intrapulmonic pressure was measured noninvasively and simultaneously with sound pressure level and mean flow rate during sustained phonation of the vowel/a/by means of plethysmographic and pneumotachographic methods. The aerodynamic power was calculated as intrapulmonic pressure times mean flow rate. The averaged values for the normal subjects represented (sound power) alpha (intrapulmonic pressure), (sound power) alpha (mean flow rate), and (sound power) alpha (aerodynamic power), where sound power at the open end of the pneumotachograph was estimated from sound pressure level. Vocal efficiency was defined as the ratio of sound power to aerodynamic power. Individual variation of coal efficiency (in dB) was satisfactorily small in the normal subjects, and was determined by the simple addition of individual variations of intrapulmonic pressure and mean flow rate (in dB) from the averaged values. These findings strongly suggested that the comparison of those three measurements against normative data for normal subjects such as provided by this study is useful in evaluating and clarifying the ineffective voice production of the pathological larynx.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Voice recording and vocal fold photography in the ENT office setting.

When a laryngologist treats a patient with a voice disorder it is often important to evaluate the sound of the voice over a long period of time and to demonstrate to the patient changes due to therapy. This may be vital to patient management especially when the results fail to correspond with the patient's expectations or when the voice is used professionally. Visualization of the vocal folds by the use of a mirror may be adequate for the diagnostic needs of the laryngologist, but a permanent record of laryngological features permits the sharing of objective information with referring physician, consultant, therapist, and, most importantly, with the patient. The illustrations can also be extremely useful in teaching.

Adult↗