Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to W J Milton.
Rhodococcus equi, formerly known as Corynebacterium equi, an aerobic, gram-positive, pleomorphic coccobacillus, is a well-known pathogen for domestic livestock. We present a biopsy- and culture-proven case of Rhodococcus equi brain abscesses in a patient seropositive for HIV, having an appearance not described previously.
A previously healthy male was struck by lightning. He developed neurologic deficits, including mild cerebral brain dysfunction. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed numerous foci of hyperintensity on long TR images, scattered throughout the supratentorial white matter. To our knowledge, the early MRI findings of lightning injury have not been previously reported.
We report a biopsy-diagnosed patient with Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease showing on magnetic resonance images bilateral increased signal intensity in the basal ganglia on long repetition time images. Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease (CJD) is a degenerative process of the brain, induced by a novel infectious agent, and is usually characterized by a rapidly progressive dementia. We report a biopsy-diagnosed patient with CJD with a distinctive magnetic resonance (MR) appearance.
The authors studied a carefully screened pool of healthy adult volunteers aged 20-80 years, so that a normal brain deep gray matter hypointensity map, as detectable on routine spin-echo magnetic resonance (MR) images, could be formulated. Previous MR imaging studies about brain iron reported findings either in children only or in adults, all of whom had suspected central nervous system disease. The results showed that (a) areas of hypointensity in the red nucleus, substantia nigra, and dentate nucleus were relatively unchanged throughout all age groups; (b) the globus pallidus showed an increased volume of hypointensity in the middle-aged and elderly population compared with that in the young adult; (c) the putamen was hypointense only in the elderly age group; and (d) hypointensity was never seen in the thalamus or caudate nucleus in any subject, regardless of age. In cases in which these patterns are not observed in patients suspected to have central nervous system disease, the presence of such disease should be considered.
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