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W J PAYNE

Publications and source records attributed to W J PAYNE.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1965

PRELIMINARY ENZYMATIC EVENTS IN ASPARAGINE-DEPENDENT DENITRIFICATION BY PSEUDOMONAS PERFECTOMARINUS.

Best, Audrey N. (University of Georgia, Athens), and W. J. Payne. Preliminary enzymatic events in asparagine-dependent denitrification by Pseudomonas perfectomarinus. J. Bacteriol. 89:1051-1054. 1965.-The initial events leading to denitrification by Pseudomonas perfectomarinus grown anaerobically in the presence of NO(3) (-) were investigated. Conversion of asparagine to malic acid was demonstrated. The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-linked malic acid dehydrogenase in this bacterium was shown to have a dependence for a divalent cation. A transhydrogenase was demonstrated. Oxaloacetic acid, a likely intermediate in conversion of malic to pyruvic acid, was rapidly decarboxylated by enzymes in cell-free extracts. We were not able to show reversible formation of malic acid with oxaloacetic acid and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, nor of oxaloacetic acid with pyruvic acid and CO(2).

Asparagine↗
PubMed1964

ENZYMES INDUCED IN A BACTERIUM BY GROWTH ON SODIUM DODECYL SULFATE.

Alkyl sulfatase was induced by growth on nutrient broth plus sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in a bacterium we have designated Pseudomonas C12B. Measurement of the radioactivity of S(35)O(4) (=) released from SDS(35) by the enzyme in cell-free extracts provided an effective assay technique. The barium chloranilate assay for release of SO(4) (=) from SDS was somewhat less sensitive but effective if analyzed at 332 mmu. This test was only approximately 55% as sensitive if analyzed at 530 mmu. The activity of the glyoxylate bypass enzymes, isocitrate lyase and malate synthetase, was significantly stimulated by growth of the bacteria on SDS as the sole carbon source, but not by growth on nutrient broth or nutrient broth plus SDS.

Culture Media↗
PubMed1963

Bacterial utilization of dodecyl sulfate and dodecyl benzene sulfonate.

Two unknown bacterial isolants (C12 and C12B) were obtained from enriched soils and cultured on media containing detergent compounds as sole sources of carbon. Either isolant destroyed the foaming capacity of cultures containing dodecyl sulfate; but C12B, which could grow on dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBS) whereas C12 could not, did not destroy the foaming capacity of this surfactant. The source of DBS available in quantity was a mixture of isomers derived from kerosene, and the bacteria utilized only one-fifth to one-fourth of this material during growth. Both isolants grew on short- or long-chained organic acids, and resting cells of both rapidly oxidized several long-chain acids and alcohols. Three of five phenyl-placement isomers of DBS (with the phenyl group at carbon 2, 3, or 6 on the alkyl chains) were excellent substrates for growth of C12B, but isomers with phenyl placement at carbon 4 or 5 were toxic and killed the bacteria.

Alcohols↗
PubMed1963

EFFECTS OF SODIUM CAPRYLATE ON CANDIDA ALBICANS. I. INFLUENCE OF CONCENTRATION ON ULTRASTRUCTURE.

Adams, J. N. (University of Georgia, Athens), Barbara G. Painter, and W. J. Payne. Effects of sodium caprylate on Candida albicans. I. Influence of concentration on ultrastructure. J. Bacteriol. 86:548-557. 1963.-Morphological effects of exposure to various concentrations of sodium caprylate were studied in living cells and ultrathin sections of Candida albicans. Budding was inhibited when cells were cultured in 0.0025 m sodium caprylate. Cells relieved from treatment at this concentration initiated reproductive processes at a much-stimulated rate. Momentary or 30-min exposures to 0.1 m caprylate affected cells in much the same manner as those treated at the lower concentration. Alteration of ultrastructure was brought about by treating with 0.0025 and 0.005 m concentrations prior to embedding and sectioning. Condensation of vacuolar material, change in size and number of mitochondria, loss of mitochondrial cristae, and increased electron density of the cytoplasm were observed. Cellular integrity was progressively lost as a result of treatment at levels up to 0.1 m. The highly electron-dense cytoplasm of cells cultured in media containing 0.025 m or higher inhibitor appeared to break into irregular masses, but the nucleus and vacuole sometimes could be identified. Cells treated at the 0.1 m level contained a condensed mass of opaque and unidentifiable cytoplasmic constituents within the skeletal cell wall. Cytological observations were correlated with physiological studies.

Candida↗
PubMed1963

EFFECTS OF SODIUM CAPRYLATE ON CANDIDA ALBICANS. II. INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS CONCENTRATIONS ON BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES.

Payne, W. J. (University of Georgia, Athens) and E. R. Bannister. Effects of sodium caprylate on Candida albicans. II. Influence of various concentrations on biochemical changes. J. Bacteriol. 86:558-562. 1963.-Suspending resting cells of Candida albicans in buffered solutions of 0.1 m sodium caprylate resulted in leakage of K(+), protein, ribonucleic acid (RNA), and carbohydrate (including glucose) but not of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or sterol. In 0.025 m caprylate, the yeast leaked carbohydrate but not any of the other metabolites, whereas at 2.5 x 10(-3)m or in buffer alone there was no significant leakage. Inclusion of 2.5 x 10(-3)m sodium caprylate in Sabouraud dextrose broth cultures, however, suppressed growth greatly. Assays of relative protein, RNA, and DNA contents of dried cells taken from the suppressed cultures revealed changes in the rates of production of each from those of untreated cultures.

Candida↗
PubMed1962

Bacterial utilization of ether glycols.

A soil bacterium capable of using oligo- and polyethylene glycols and ether alcohols as sole sources of carbon for aerobic growth was isolated. The effects of substituent groups added to the ether bonds on the acceptability of the compounds as substrates were studied. Mechanisms for the incorporation of two-carbon compounds were demonstrated by the observation that acetate, glyoxylate, ethylene glycol, and a number of the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates served as growth substrates in minimal media. The rate of oxidation of the short-chained ethylene glycols by adapted resting cells varied directly with increasing numbers of two-carbon units in the chains from one to four. The amount of oxygen consumed per carbon atom of oligo- and polyethylene glycols was 100% of theoretical, but only 67% of theoretical for ethylene glycol. Resting cells oxidized oligo- and polyethylene glycols with 2 to 600 two-carbon units in the chains. Longer chained polyethylene glycols (up to 6,000) were oxidized at a very slow rate by these cells. Dehydrogenation of triethylene glycol by adapted cells was observed, coupling the reaction with methylene blue reduction.

Alcohols↗