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Biomedical subjects

W J Spruill

Publications and source records attributed to W J Spruill.

21 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

Pharmacist-coordinated pneumonia and influenza vaccination program.

High-risk candidates in an ambulatory-care center were identified and immunized against pneumococcal pneumonia and influenza in a program coordinated by a pharmacist. Patients determined to be at increased risk for pneumococcal pneumonia were notified by letter of the vaccination program and encouraged to participate. Participants were then screened by their health-care providers to determine whether they were candidates for the vaccination. Those who received the pneumococcal pneumonia vaccine were later urged to be immunized against influenza virus. Of 1593 patients selected as possible vaccine candidates, 474 received the pneumococcal vaccine and 397 received the influenza vaccine. No confirmed cases of pneumococcal pneumonia and only one case of flu-like syndrome developed among the immunized patients. Income from the program exceeded its cost, excluding the salaries of the center's employees. Substantial savings were projected from reduced future treatment costs. The pharmacist had initiated and coordinated a successful effort to increase vaccine use and decrease morbidity.

Community Health Centers↗

Distribution accuracy of a decentralized unit dose system.

Unit dose medication carts in a 500-bed university hospital were monitored for accuracy and completeness after delivery to the nursing station. The contents of the cart were compared with the nurse's patient medication record. Discrepancies were recorded for evaluation. All medication cart distribution errors found were analyzed to identify the source and were tabulated to determine error rate. Three major categories of errors were discovered: pharmacy technician errors not corrected by the pharmacist, errors associated with nurse's patient medication records, and errors resulting from lost orders.

Medication Errors↗

Cost analysis of the American College of Chest Physicians guidelines for deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis in patients undergoing orthopedic arthroplastic surgery.

Guidelines for prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis secondary to orthopedic surgery have been developed. In selecting a specific drug for formulary inclusion, it is ideal for an individual institution to determine the cost of therapy, as well as the frequency of adverse events and the cost of treating them for each agent undergoing consideration. Cost-effectiveness analysis using incremental cost-effectiveness ratios and sensitivity analyses are useful for determining which drug may be most cost effective.

Anticoagulants↗