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Biomedical subjects

W K Hoddick

Publications and source records attributed to W K Hoddick.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Ultrasound monitored hepatic cryosurgery: longevity study on an animal model.

Ultrasound imaging has been proposed to monitor the amount of frozen tissue during hepatic cryosurgery of primary and metastatic tumors. In this follow-up study, a cryolesion was produced in an adult pig under ultrasound monitoring. The animal was allowed to recuperate for 3 days before being sacrificed. Pathologic and histologic evaluation showed extremely close correlation with the ultrasound image. The necrotic region was clearly observable in the sonogram after 3 days. Ultrasonography can accurately represent the extent of the cryolesion both during as well as following cryosurgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Urachal carcinoma.

Urachal carcinoma is a rare tumor that often does not manifest clinically until late in its course. Several radiographic features are helpful in suggesting the diagnosis preoperatively. We present a case of urachal carcinoma in which preoperative evaluation included magnetic resonance imaging. This technique was helpful not only in suggesting the diagnosis preoperatively, but also, and more importantly, in the preoperative staging of the neoplasm.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Real time ultrasonic monitoring of hepatic cryosurgery.

Cryosurgery has a number of advantages that make it particularly appealing in the treatment of liver cancer. However, a major problem in the clinical application of hepatic cryosurgery is the lack of a precise means of monitoring the freezing process in situ. Preliminary investigations on simulated tissue have shown that standard ultrasonography is capable of accurately determining the amount of frozen material during a cryosurgical procedure. To extend these results to living tissue, cryosurgery was performed, in vivo, on the livers of four mongrel dogs. An ultrasound imaging device using a new intraoperative ultrasound transducer monitored the entire process in real time. The results indicate that the entire freezing and thawing cycle can be monitored easily using real time ultrasound. During freezing, the solidification interface can be seen to move through the tissue allowing clear imaging of the cryolesion. After complete thawing, the cryolesion became less echogenic than before freezing and was therefore distinguishable under ultrasound. Postsurgical pathologic examination showed excellent correlation between the lesion size and its ultrasonic image.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Bony spinal canal changes that differentiate conjoined nerve roots from herniated nucleus pulposus.

CT examinations of the lumbar spine in 12 consecutive patients with conjoined nerve roots were reviewed. Asymmetry of the bony spinal canal, seen as slight dilatation of the ipsilateral lateral recess, was present in all cases. This finding, which is not typically associated with extruded free intervertebral disk fragments, should serve to distinguish these two entities.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography in the evaluation of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to evaluate abdominal aortic aneurysms in 27 patients. The findings were compared retrospectively with CT, ultrasound (US), and angiography in 17 cases and prospectively with US in 10 cases. MRI identified the renal arteries in all cases, demonstrated involvement at or above the origin of the renal arteries in eight patients, and showed extension of the aneurysm into the iliac arteries in 12 cases. The outer dimension of the aneurysm, the diameter of the residual lumen, and the length of the aneurysm were measured easily from the MR images. The measurements of transverse dimension of the abdominal aortic aneurysm were similar for MRI, CT, and US. MRI more accurately defined extension above the renal arteries and below the aortic bifurcation. It is concluded that MRI provides the necessary information for the surveillance and preoperative evaluation of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Minimal fetal renal pyelectasis.

To assess the possible relationship between the degree of maternal hydration and the sonographic identification of minimal fetal renal pyelectasis, a prospective study was performed in which fetuses demonstrating mild dilation of the renal pelvis (maximum diameter ranging from 3 to 11 mm) were reexamined after the mothers refrained from oral intake for 12 hours. Complete or almost complete resolution of the pyelectasis occurred in only four of 17 kidneys (23.5 per cent) while the remaining fetal kidneys demonstrated little or no change in the degree of pyelectasis following maternal dehydration. This observation, as well as previous experimental research, suggests that the state of maternal oral hydration is not a major cause of minimal fetal pyelectasis. Additionally, the observation of fetal pyelectasis measuring at least 3 mm in greatest dimension is common, occurring in approximately 18 per cent of fetuses older than 24 menstrual weeks.

Dehydration↗
PubMed1985

A specular reflection arising from the ventricular wall: a potential pitfall in the diagnosis of germinal matrix hemorrhage.

Reflection artifacts may complicate the diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage in preterm neonates. A linear focus of bright echoes in the region of the germinal matrix at or anterior to the caudothalamic grooves, often seen on parasagittal scans, may be mistaken for a germinal matrix hemorrhage but is actually a reflection of the ultrasound beam at the wall of the lateral ventricle. Cranial sonograms of 100 preterm infants were retrospectively analyzed and categorized with regard to presence and size of specular reflection. Eight cases demonstrated a bright echogenic focus; seven of these potentially could have been mistaken for hemorrhages.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1985

Placental thickness.

The sonograms of 200 randomly selected singleton pregnancies were reviewed. Placental thickness was measured and correlated with menstrual age. The placenta was demonstrated to increase in thickness with advancing menstrual age. At no stage of pregnancy was the normal placenta greater than 4 cm in thickness. Potential pitfalls in measuring placental thickness are addressed, as well as potential causes of aberrations in placental thickness.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1984

Ultrasonographic determination of qualitative amniotic fluid volume in intrauterine growth retardation: reassessment of the 1 cm rule.

To assess the relative diagnostic efficacy of the "1 cm sign" for qualitative amniotic fluid volume determination in the prenatal evaluation of intrauterine growth retardation, 125 pregnancies resulting in small-for-gestational age infants were studied in a retrospective fashion. Qualitative amniotic fluid volume was designated as normal if at least one pocket of amniotic fluid measuring 1 cm in broadest diameter was identified. Of the 125 pregnancies with delivery of small-for-gestational age infants, only five would have been correctly predicted prenatally with qualitative amniotic fluid volume used as the sole criterion for intrauterine growth retardation. When this criterion was applied to a defined subset of 52 of these patients with last scans 0 to 15 days prior to delivery, only four cases would have been accurately predicted as having intrauterine growth retardation.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1984

The fetal cisterna magna.

Antenatal sonography routinely images the fetal cisterna magna. The identification of a prominent cisterna magna on a routine antenatal sonogram performed for obstetric indications may raise the question of a congenital posterior fossa lesion. To delineate the size of the fetal cisterna magna, standardized measurements for the midsagittal depth of the cisterna magna were prospectively obtained on 219 consecutive antenatal sonograms in fetuses of 15 menstrual weeks or more. The cisterna magna depth measured 5 +/- 3 mm; the largest cisterna magna measured 10 mm in depth. In the absence of other findings to suggest a posterior fossa lesion, a prominent cisterna magna is unlikely to be clinically significant.

Brain↗
PubMed1984

Ultrasound evaluation of benign sciatic nerve sheath tumors.

The ultrasonograms of three patients with surgically proven benign tumors of the sciatic nerve sheath were reviewed. Two lesions were neurilemmomas and one was a neurofibroma. All lesions appeared hypoechoic and often demonstrated characteristics typically associated with cystic abnormalities. Although the sciatic nerve is not routinely delineated as a separate anatomic structure by ultrasound, neoplastic enlargements of the nerve can be demonstrated.

Child↗
PubMed1983

Occlusion of a hepatic artery to portal vein fistula with bucrylate.

A 49-year-old woman with cirrhosis and portal hypertension was evaluated for a portal-systemic shunt procedure following recurrent variceal hemorrhage. The preoperative visceral angiogram demonstrated a hepatic arterial to portal venous fistula, presumably a complication of a previous liver biopsy. The fistula was successfully closed using isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Bucrylate) delivered through a flow-directed, calibrated-leak balloon microcatheter.

Angiography↗