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Biomedical subjects

W K Huang

Publications and source records attributed to W K Huang.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Antibacterial activity of cefepime in vitro.

Cefepime is a new parenterally active fourth-generation cephalosporin which is undergoing in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Using the standard agar dilution method we compared the in vitro activity of this drug with other cephalosporins and ciprofloxacin against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli (98 strains), Klebsiella pneumoniae (99 strains), Acinetobacter spp. (24 strains), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (98 strains), Haemophilus influenzae (108 strains), Staphylococcus aureus (100 strains), Enterococcus spp. (45 strains), Streptococcus pneumoniae (10 strains), Streptococcus pyogenes (group A; 19 strains) and Streptococcus agalactiae (group B; 36 strains). Cefepime showed excellent activity against E. coli and K. pneumoniae, inhibiting 90% of these isolates at 0.12 mg/l. The in vitro activity of cefepime was superior to or comparable to the third-generation cephalosporins tested but was inferior to ciprofloxacin against Acinetobacter spp. and P. aeruginosa. Against H. influenzae, whether or not the strains produced beta-lactamase, its activity was similar to comparable drugs. All 84 isolates of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus were inhibited by 8 mg/l of cefepime whereas, like other cephalosporins, it had little activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Of the 45 enterococci isolates tested, 44.4% were inhibited by 8 mg/l of cefepime. Against streptococci, its activity was superior to any drug tested. This in vitro study indicates that cefepime has the potential to be a valuable agent for the treatment of community- and hospital-acquired cutaneous, respiratory and urinary tract infections.

Cefepime↗
PubMed1991

Serratia marcescens bacteremia.

Serratia marcescens bacteremia has become ubiquitous recently. S. marcescens bacteremia, either hospital- or community-acquired, can no longer be treated as insignificant. We reviewed 23 episodes of S. marcescens bacteremia in 1985. Among them, 17 patients (74%) were hospital-acquired infections, while 6 (26%) were community-acquired. Nine patients died, and the case fatality rate was 39%. Eleven patients (48%) had no clinically apparent source of infection, 5 (22%) had urinary tract infection, 3 (13%) had pneumonia, 2 (9%) had biliary tract infection, 1 (4%) had intra-abdominal infection, and 1 (4%) had skin and soft-tissue infection. Nosocomial isolates are often resistant to many antibiotics. Amikacin and the beta-lactamase-stable (third generation) cephalosporins are superior to gentamicin in the treatment of nosocomial S. marcescens bacteremia. We here emphasize that the awareness and treatment of S. marcescens bacteremia in daily clinical practice is unequivocally critical.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Campylobacter pyloridis in active chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer].

From Oct. 1986 to Jan. 1987, a total of 74 patients presenting for endoscopy were studied. These included 30 cases of active chronic gastritis and 44 cases of peptic ulcer. Biopsy specimens were taken during the endoscopy and sent to the laboratory for Campylobacter pyloridis culture within 2 hours. The culture was done by inoculated with chocolate agar, Brucella agar and 0.2% urea broth for urease activity. Results showed that, 53% (16/32) of active chronic gastritis, 77% (10/13) of gastric ulcer and 84% (26/31) of duodenal ulcer were positive for Campylobacter pyloridis. The specificity and sensitivity of urease positive rate are 64% and 90% respectively. It is higher as compared with bacteria culture. In addition, we found that 10 days would be needed for the routine culture and identification of this organism. But it took only 30 minutes to 6 hours for urease activity test. Therefore, we suggested that urease activity test could be a rapid diagnostic method for detecting Campylobacter pyloridis.

Campylobacter↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibacterial activity of cefprozil in vitro.

Cefprozil is a new orally active cephalosporin which is undergoing in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Using the standard agar dilution method we compared the in vitro activity of this drug with other oral cephalosporins and ciprofloxacin against 637 recent clinical isolates from the Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan. Against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, cefprozil showed good activity, inhibiting over 80% of these isolates at 8 mg/l. Like other oral drugs of its class, it had little activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. Against Haemophilus influenzae, irrespective of beta-lactamase production, its activity was similar to comparable drugs. Against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, cefprozil showed high activity, inhibiting 90% of these isolates at 4 mg/l, whereas against methicillin-resistant S. aureus, its activity was higher than that of other oral cephalosporins tested and was similar to that of ciprofloxacin. Of enterococci tested, 57.7% were inhibited by 8 mg/l of cefprozil. Against beta-hemolytic streptococci, its activity was superior to all other drugs tested. The results of this in vitro study indicate that oral administration of cefprozil might be efficacious in the treatment of community-acquired cutaneous, respiratory and urinary tract infections.

Bacteria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibacterial activity of cefpodoxime in vitro.

Cefpodoxime proxetil is a new orally administered prodrug which is absorbed and de-esterified by the intestinal mucosa to release the third-generation cephalosporin, cefpodoxime, and which is undergoing in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Using the standard agar dilution method, we compared the in vitro activity of this drug with other oral cephalosporins and quinolones against 637 recent clinical isolates from Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital in Taiwan. Against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, cefpodoxime showed excellent activity, inhibiting over 90% of these isolates at 1 mg/l. Like other oral drugs of its class, it had little activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter spp. Against Haemophilus influenzae, irrespective of beta-lactamase production, its activity was similar to comparative drugs. Against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, cefpodoxime showed moderate activity, inhibiting 90% of these isolates at 4 mg/l, whereas it was inactive against methicillin-resistant S. aureus. However, all cephalosporins have shown little in vivo activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus regardless of in vitro results. Cefpodoxime was inactive against Enterococcus spp. Against other streptococci, its activity was similar to other oral cephalosporins and quinolones tested. The results of this in vitro study indicated that oral administration of cefpodoxime should be an ideal agent in the empirical outpatient treatment for community-acquired cutaneous, respiratory and urinary tract infections.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗