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Biomedical subjects

W K Scott

Publications and source records attributed to W K Scott.

44 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Survival after AIDS diagnosis in South Carolina, 1982-1992.

The results of this study demonstrate that age, ethnicity, and AIDS-defining diagnosis are important predictors of survival time after AIDS diagnosis, and should be considered when planning treatment and services for people with AIDS. Future studies in states with large rural populations will be helpful in further understanding the natural history of the disease in areas outside the nation's major population centers. These could improve on the results of the present study by actively following up all cases to determine mortality status, collecting detailed clinical information on AIDS-defining diagnoses (with dates), collecting information on treatment of HIV infection and associated opportunistic infections, and evaluating service utilization. Monitoring survival trends over time remains an effective tool in evaluating the success of current efforts to provide treatment and services to people with AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1994

Epidemiology of Alzheimer's disease.

In summary, while only a few risk factors for Alzheimer's disease have been identified, several large collaborative studies of elderly populations are currently underway. As measurement techniques improve, the ability to diagnose this disease in its early stages will make the search for risk factors more feasible.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Survival of Alzheimer's disease patients with regard to pattern of care in South Carolina, 1988-1993.

The length of time from diagnosis of AD to death was compared among three groups of AD patients in South Carolina. Each group received a different pattern of care. The survival time from diagnosis to death was longest among those who lived in institutions (mean three years for men, 4.6 years for women), and shortest among those who lived alone in the community (1.7 years for men, two years for women). The longer survival time of those who receive care (either in the community or in facilities) suggests that persons with AD benefit from personal attention to health needs. Providing additional support to family members of those with AD could help patients remain in the community longer, thus maintaining quality of life. For those who have no support in the community, efforts should be made to increase access to facilities.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Naming in dementia secondary to Parkinson's, Huntington's, and Alzheimer's diseases.

Confrontation naming problems have been found in patients with dementia secondary to Alzheimer's (AD), Huntington's (HD), and in a subset of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with dementia. The source of the naming deficit has not been established. The "Perception" and the "Semantic Feature" theories have been proposed to explain this naming dysfunction. Subjects with dementia secondary to AD, HD, and PD were given three tasks to determine which theory best explained the source of confrontation naming problems. The three tasks including picture matching, visual recognition, and confrontation naming were given to 42 subjects with dementia secondary to AD, HD, and PD controlled for severity of dementia, and to age-matched controls. Subjects with dementia did not have significantly more difficulty matching pictures but did have more difficulty associating pictures through semantic features. Subjects with mild dementia secondary to AD and HD had significantly more confrontation naming errors than subjects with mild dementia secondary to PD and normal controls. All subjects with moderate dementia had significantly more confrontation naming errors than normal controls. Statistical power may have been limited due to the small number of subjects in each group. The source of the reduction in confrontation naming performance in subjects with dementia secondary to AD, HD, and PD originated in the deterioration of semantic fields. The perception theory was rejected as findings were consistent with the semantic feature theory.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Complete genomic screen in late-onset familial Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex genetic disorder. Linkage analysis has helped unravel a portion of the genetic component of AD by identifying four loci that play a role in the genetics of AD (amyloid precursor protein, presenilin 1, presenilin 2, and apolipoprotein E). These loci account for approximately 50% of the genetic etiology of AD. A total genomic screen is an efficient way to identify additional genetic effects in AD. A series of multiplex late-onset (>60 years) AD families were ascertained (NINDS-ADRDA diagnostic criteria) and sampled. A subset (n = 16) of the largest families (52 affecteds with DNA, 83 unaffecteds with DNA) were used to rapidly screen the genome (n = 280 markers) for additional major genetic effects. Critical values for regional follow-up were p < or =0.05 for SimIBD or sibpair analysis and/or a LOD score > or = 1.00. Fifteen regions warranted initial follow-up based on these criteria. An additional screening set was used (n = 38 families, 89 affecteds with DNA, 216 unaffecteds with DNA) for the follow-up analysis. These analyses revealed four regions of continued interest on chromosomes 4, 6, 12, and 20. Chromosome 12 presented the strongest results. Peak two point "affecteds only" LOD scores were 1.3, 1.6, 2.7, and 2.2 and (affected relative pair SimIBD) p values were 0.04, 0.03, 0.14, and 0.04 for D12S373, D12S1057, D12S1042, and D12S390, respectively. These markers span approximately 30 cm near the centromeric region of chromosome 12. Sibpair analysis resulted in two point Maximum Lod Score (MLS) results of 0.4, 1.2, 3.2, and 1.0 for the above markers. Multipoint MLS analysis supported these findings. Saturation mapping of all available markers in the chromosome 12 region as well as further investigation of the regions on 4, 6, and 20 is ongoing with candidate gene analysis to follow.

Age of Onset↗