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Biomedical subjects

W K Solberg

Publications and source records attributed to W K Solberg.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Malocclusion associated with temporomandibular joint changes in young adults at autopsy.

The purpose of this study was to identify variables of malocclusion that might be associated with previously reported temporomandibular joint morphologic findings. Before removing the left TMJ from each of 96 cadavers (age means equals 26.4 +/- 6.8 years), an intraoral examination was performed. Angle classification, crossbite, overbite, and overjet were evaluated. These parameters were analyzed with respect to their association with the following TMJ features: overall shape of the condyle and temporal bone, gross and histologic evidence of remodeling, and position of the articular disk. When combined with age, Angle Class II and III dentitions were associated with temporal and condylar deviation in form (DIF) (P less than 0.05) and more Class II dentitions were accompanied by histologic evidence of remodeling changes in the TMJs. Crossbite was associated with increasing presence of DIF in all components (P less than 0.01). Anterior crossbite was associated with DIF on the articular eminence (P less than 0.01). Deep overbite was more common in persons with flat condyles, open mandibular fossae, and anterior extension of the temporal articular surfaces (P less than 0.05). Abnormal overjet was more evident in those with DIF in the disk (P less than 0.05); greater overjet was associated with disk displacement (P less than 0.05). Considered together, abnormal overbite and overjet were associated with more extensive DIF on the condyle (P less than 0.05). In conclusion, malocclusion was associated with morphologic changes in the TMJ, particularly when combined with age. This evidence supports the belief that longer exposure to malocclusion may be associated with more extensive TMJ changes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Histomorphometric analysis of cartilage and subchondral bone in mandibular condyles of young human adults at autopsy.

After demineralization, sagittal sections were made from the lateral, the central and the medial parts of 33 mandibular condyles from people aged 20 to 36 years, and studied for undifferentiated mesenchymal (UM) cells, cartilage and subchondral bone, the thickness of which were measured. Two condyles showed a continuous layer of UM cells extending all over. In 13 condyles, UM cells were absent; 18 condyles showed variability in UM cell occurrence in one or more out of the nine standardized areas. In 14 condyles, non-hypertrophic cartilage was present, 10 condyles showed hypertrophic cartilage and in nine condyles hyperplastic cartilage. Hyperplastic cartilage was associated with minimal numbers of UM cells. In combination with hypertrophic cartilage the UM cell layer appeared less irregular. Of nine condyles with incongruence of the cartilage-bone interface and the articular surface, seven showed hyperplastic cartilage. Six out of these seven were free of bony changes. A negative correlation was found between the presence of UM cells and the condylar-cartilage thickness (p less than 0.05). These results suggest that condylar changes are initiated by alterations in the cartilage and that changes in the bone are secondary.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The temporomandibular joint in young adults at autopsy: a morphologic classification and evaluation.

Macroscopic features of temporomandibular joints (TMJs) were studied in young adults who comprise the largest portion of individuals seeking TMJ treatment. Deviation in form (DIF), arthrosis, size, shape and disc displacement were evaluated on ninety-five autopsied TMJs. Few TMJs (13%, 12/95) showed no intracapsular changes. Thirty-nine per cent (37/95) of the TMJs displayed mild-to-marked DIF in all three TMJ components. Smaller changes were more prevalent and tended to appear in the younger TMJs. Condylar changes were more exuberant and extensive compared to the other components. Minor arthrotic lesions were visible in 3% (3/95), and all displayed DIF. Disc displacement was found in 12% (11/95) and was more common in women (P greater than 0.05). Folding and deformation of the articular disc was associated with disc displacement (P less than 0.01), the direction of which was mostly anteromedial. Most of the unchanged condyles' components had curved, slightly rounded, convex, and elliptical shapes when viewed from different planes (P less than 0.01). Applied in diagnosis, the presence of DIF can be inferred from features which deviate from the above shapes. The concept that the above macroscopic changes might be a precursor to TMJ arthropathy in susceptible individuals is compatible with the results of this study, but the most apt characterization is that TMJ changes in this age group are adaptive phenomena occurring in order to cope with the details of articular fit and function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Neuromuscular problems in the orofacial region: diagnosis-classification, signs and symptoms.

In the light of recent findings, it is clear that organic changes in the tissues of the temporomandibular joint commonly occur simultaneously with neuromuscular problems. It is suggested that the term "masticatory disorder' should be adopted in order that diagnosis will fully reflect this inter-relationship. Patients with masticatory disorders will exhibit one or more of the following signs and symptoms: (a) pain and tenderness in the region of the masticatory muscles and TMJ, (b) incoordination and sounds during condylar movement and (c) limitation of mandibular movement. Diagnosis which relies solely on subjective symptoms is incomplete and the progressive nature of the condition requires careful attention to the prognosis. A diagnostic classification of masticatory disorders is given in Table II and the characteristics of each of the conditions listed is described in greater detail in the text.

Diagnosis, Differential↗