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Biomedical subjects

W Kühn

Publications and source records attributed to W Kühn.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian tumors].

The present paper reports on the value of gynecological-clinical examinations and preoperative ultrasonography in the diagnosis of benign and malignant ovarian tumors. Out of a group of 42 patients, in all of whom "ovarian cyst" had only been diagnosed clinically, 14% were not found to be suffering from this condition at surgery. In a comparison of preoperative gynecological-clinical and ultrasonographic findings (in 68 patients) it proved possible to determine the side on which the tumor was localized, its actual size, the extent to which it was delimited from the uterus, and its consistency (whether solid or cystic) significantly better by ultrasonography (p less than 0,01). However, the results of this study indicate that 2% of the cases diagnosed ultrasonographically as "benign ovarian tumor/ovarian cyst" are likely to be ovarian carcinomas. In the group of patients with malignant ovarian tumors also (42 patients), there was a significant difference in the preoperative diagnosis "suspected ovarian carcinoma". On the basis of clinical findings it was only diagnosed in 45%, while it was found in 74% by ultrasonography (p less than 0,01). In 3 cases with ovarian carcinoma there was no pathologic palpation finding, and in only one other case was a "suspected ovarian cyst" diagnosed. By means of ultrasonography, on the other hand, all of the cases of ovarian carcinoma were classified either as "ovarian carcinoma" or as "cystic-solid/complex abdominal tumor". The most frequent diagnoses on the basis of the sonographic scan (approx. 90%) were cystic-solid ovarian tumors, followed by cystic-ventriculated ovarian tumors with solid portions and finally solid ovarian tumors with only a few cystic portions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

DNA flow cytometry of ovarian tumors with correlation to histopathology.

Tissue samples from 49 women with seven benign and 42 malignant ovarian tumors were examined by means of DNA flow cytometry (FCM). The FCM data (DNA-ploidy and the number of S-phase fractions) were compared with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, the histologic grade of differentiation and in some cases with the clinical outcome. The benign ovarian tumors were all diploid with a mean of 2.1% (+/- 1.66) S-phase fractions. Adenocarcinomas with the histologic grade 1 were diploid and had a mean of 2.1% (+/- 1.17) S-phase fractions. Grade 2 adenocarcinomas were aneuploid in eight of nine cases and revealed an increased proliferative activity (7.7% +/- 2.67 S-phase fractions). A high number of aneuploid cases (nine of 13) and an increased DNA synthesis were found in grade 3 adenocarcinomas (12.0% +/- 5.72 S-phase fractions). Four of six malignant nonepithelial tumors also had high numbers of S-phase fractions (9.7-14.5%). A significant correlation between the histologic grade and the DNA synthesis, FIGO stage, and DNA-ploidy was found. DNA-FCM may be used as an additional diagnostic tool supplementing routine histopathologic examination of ovarian tumors for better biological characterization, especially for those with uncertain grading, for grade 2 neoplasms, and for malignant nonepithelial tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from the archaebacterium Methanosarcina barkeri.

Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from the archaebacterium Methanosarcina barkeri was purified 1620-fold with 24% overall yield. It appears to be a tetrameric enzyme with a molecular mass of 270 kDa, as determined by gel filtration, with a subunit structure of alpha 2 beta 2 (alpha = 63 kDa, beta = 70 kDa), as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis. No conservation of common antigenic determinants is noted with polyclonal antibodies raised against the enzymes of Escherichia coli, yeast, and hen liver. Heterologous aminoacylation of tRNA with high selectivity for archaebacterial tRNA and substrate properties of ATP analogues reveals a unique pattern, reflecting the supposed genealogical difference between the urkingdoms of archaebacteria, eubacteria, and eukaryotes.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1984

[DNA measurement of malignant tumors by impulse cytophotometry. The principles and importance for assessing growth behavior and the degree of abnormality].

Monometric DNA impulse cytophotometry of ploidism state (diploid or aneuploid tumors with stemmline shift, polyploidism ) and proportion of DNA-synthesized cells (S-phase proportion) were determined on over 500, mostly malignant, tumors of different sites. The results were compared with histopathological findings (TNM stage and degree of differentiation). Large diploid carcinomas of the oral cavity have lower S-phase activity than aneuploid tumors. Carcinomas of the breast, stomach and ovary are frequently diploid. Aneuploid carcinomas of these regions generally have high synthesizing activity. Mucoid signet-ring carcinomas of the stomach have lower S-phase activity than non-mucoid carcinomas. In the colorectal region aneuploid carcinoma predominates, in the colon more than in the rectum. Tumor metastases from colon and rectum into the liver predominantly are from aneuploid primary tumors. For tumors of the breast, corpus uteri and ovary with high and moderate differentiation there is a direct correlation between histological grade of differentiation and the S-phase proportions. Aneuploid tumors vary from low to high synthesizing activity. Diploid meningioma and glioma have a low S-phase proportion, aneuploidism correlates with an increase in growth. Supplementation of histopathological diagnosis by determining ploidism and S-phase activity makes an important contribution in the assessment of the degree of malignancy, as well as for therapeutic purposes.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1984

Content and heterogeneity of distribution of iodine in human and bovine thyroid glands determined by neutron activation analyses.

While performing activation analytical investigations on the actual concentration of the long-lived radioactive 129iodine in human and bovine thyroid glands the absolute natural nonradioactive 127 iodine content was determined. In all thyroid glands an uneven distribution of 127I was found (in human thyroids from 0 to 0.75 micrograms 127I /mg, in bovine thyroids from 0 to 3.5 micrograms 127I /mg). The mean value of iodine concentration in human thyroid glands ranged from 230 micrograms/g to 490 micrograms/g. This is important because TSH independent autonomy is found at a cellular and follicular level during the development from diffuse to nodular goiter. Both processes may, however, not be related to each other. The resolution of the method used in our study is between the microscopic and the scintigraphic level with an accuracy of +/- 1%, and it shows an intermediate heterogeneity of iodine in thyroid glands.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical and patho-anatomic aspects of metastases of breast cancer].

The importance of carcinoma of the breast in female malignancies demands a critical examination of the condition of metastases by means of certain clinical and pathological data. The clinical data and the results of autopsies of 384 patients with breast carcinoma were examined. The frequency and the chronology of occurrence of metastases put out metastases of lymphnodes , skeleton, lung, liver and local recurrences. The importance of the mediastinal lymph node metastases in the distribution of metastases in thoracical organs was established and is discussed. The relation of frequency of the metastases to primary tumour staging (TNM) shows a 63% rate of metastases in patients with No and 86% in patients with N+. A comparison of two decades (I = 1960-1969; II = 1970-1979) shows certain trends 1. In decade II more patients with primary stage T1-T2 NoMo were found in autopsies having less metastases. 2. More local recurrences and metastases of genital organs were diagnosed. 3. In decade II more "late-metastases" (2-10 years after primary diagnosis) were found. These developments are explained by better primary diagnostic methods, more frequent follow-up examinations after primary therapy, and more frequent application of secondary therapies (chemotherapy, radiotherapy).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[Preventive treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in newborn infants with antepartal glucocorticoid administration (betamethasone). Clinical results and changes in the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio of the amniotic fluid].

Betamethason was administered to 105 patients with threatened premature labour at risk for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of the newborn. The most important indications were premature rupture of the membranes (30%) and premature labour (40%). The betamethason treatment was given between the 27. and 35. week of gestation. 79% of the patients delivered prior to 36 weeks of gestation, over 50% prior to 34 weeks gestation. The total incidence of RDS was 25%. Severe types of RDS (stage III and IV) were rare (7%). The mortality of RDS after betamethason treatment was 5.4%. After 32 weeks gestation the mortality from RDS was 0%. Severe types of RDS appear to occur more often in male than in female infants. The incidence of RDS was not lowered further by premature of the membranes. The lecithin/sphingomyelin(L/S)-ratio in the amniotic fluid following treatment with betamethason increased to over 2 in only 2/3 of the cases. The predictive value of the L/S ratio that respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn only occurs rarely with values over 2 was maintained after treatment with betamethason. Our rate in cases with an L/S ratio over 2 was 7.9%.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1984

The influence of soil parameters on 137Cs+-uptake by plants from long-term fallout on forest clearings and grassland.

An attempt was made to show if and to what extent the 137Cs transfer from soil to plants (grass) in forest clearings and grassland is related closely enough to different soil parameters to make it worthwhile to develop mathematical models for the prediction of transfer coefficients for certain plants and sites based solely on soil parameters. For this reason 62 soil samples from 0- to 5-cm in depth as well as from 5- to 10-cm in depth were measured for worldwide 137Cs fallout and analyzed for exchangeable potassium content, total potassium content, clay fraction, potential exchange capacity, pH value and carbon content. For both ecosystems, large variations of the transfer coefficients were observed: between 0.01 and 0.1 for grassland and 0.05 and 6 for forest clearings . Correlations, such as has been found between soil parameters, specific activities of the plants and transfer coefficients can in principle be integrated into different calculations for the estimation of radiation burden.

Cesium Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1983

Characterization of the cytochromes occurring in Methanosarcina species.

Several members of the genus Methanosarcina were investigated by room-temperature and low-temperature difference spectroscopy for the presence of cytochromes. In combination with potentiometric titrations two membrane-bound b-cytochromes and one membrane-bound c-cytochrome could be detected in cells grown on methanol or trimethylamine. Very probably acetate-grown cells contained an additional cytochrome b. The midpoint potentials of the two b-type cytochromes were Em1 = -325 mV and Em2 = -183 mV, respectively. The additional b cytochrome formed during growth on acetate exhibited a midpoint potential of Em3 = -250 mV.

Acetates↗
PubMed1983

[Correlation of morphological criteria with the rate of growth in cancer of the breast].

Prognosis of carcinoma of the breast depends on a number of factors. Besides tumour staging, these parameters include the number of axillary lymph nodes with metastatic growths, the status of the hormonal receptors, and the histological type of the tumour, especially the tumour grading and the rate of growth correlated therewith. The first few of these criteria are relatively easy to determine. The tumour duplication time has so far been determined only by means of serial mammographies. Only few studies have been conducted on the correlation of the morphological parameters connected with the dynamics of growth of carcinomas of the breast. In a group of 61 patients with carcinoma of the breast and known tumour duplication time determined by serial mammography, it is shown that broadening of the conventional tumour grading by means of additional histopathological malignancy criteria (frequency of mitosis, incidence of nuclear hyperchromasias, formation of tubules and nuclear irregularities) correlates with the growth dynamics of the tumours. This makes it seem possible to draw prospective conclusions on the growth performance of carcinomas of the breast even without resorting to serial mammographies.

Axilla↗
PubMed1982

[Diagnosis and treatment of uterine sarcoma].

A group of 54 patients with uterine sarcomata is reviewed. The diagnosis, the pathological anatomy, the treatment and the prognosis of this rare disease which only comprises between 2-4% of all malignant tumours of the uterus is described. Special attention is directed to the tumours of so-called low grade malignancy, regarding their clinical and prognostic aspects in relationship to their morphology and biological potency. The discussion of the treatment centered around the desirability of additional chemotherapy. The answers to the numerous questions in this group of tumours can only be obtained by prospective collaborative studies of randomized groups of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Conditions of metastatic spread of endometrial cancer: analysis of autopsy findings and clinical data].

Among 263 patients who suffered from endometrial carcinoma and died of their disease or unrelated causes autopsies showed metastases or recurrences in 165 cases. The conditions for metastatic spread were analysed from the morphological parameters of the tumour. The incidence and localization of above all the lymph node metastases are closely correlated to the grading and the depth of invasion (I 0 to I 3/3) of the primary tumour. The incidence of pelvic lymph node metastases is 8.7% at an invasion depth I 1/3,33% at an invasion depth of I 3/3 of the myometrium. Tumours with the invasion depth I 1/3 show metastases in the para-aortic lymph nodes in 17.3% and at the invasion depth I 3/3 in 50% of the cases. At an invasion depth of I 3/3 17% had exclusively para-aortic lymph node metastases. Pelvic lymph node metastases were found in tumours of the grading G 1 in 5.7% of the cases, in grading G3 in 26% of the cases. The tumour grading and primary extent of the endometrial carcinoma area are closely correlated. At a grading G1 90% of the cases were in stage I/II and only 10% in stage III/or IV. At a grading G3 23.8% of the cases were stage I/II and 76.2% of the cases stage III/IV. Based on the presented analysis it is recommended to supplement the conventional treatment at an invasion depth I 2/3 of I 3/3 with radiotherapy of the para-aortic lymph nodes since 27.3 to 50% of these cases show para-aortic metastases. In 17% of the endometrial carcinomas with an invasion depth I 3/3 exclusively para-aortic lymph node metastases were found which do not respond to conventional treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Morphology and clinical aspects of malignant mixed müllerian tumors of the corpus uteri].

Mixed muellerian tumours of the uterus are more common today than uterine leiomyosarcomata. There is a world wide increase in the incidence in the last few years. In the past 15 years we observed 20 mixed muellerian tumours of the uterine body. The patients are usually 10 years older than women with endometrial carcinoma or leiomyosarcoma of the uterus. Morphologically homologous and heterologous tumours must be differentiated. Characteristic is the marked polypoid growth. There is a close correlation between tumour stage and microscopic tumour grading. Tumours with high malignancy are usually in stage I or II. The prognosis correlates well with the grade and stage of the tumour, therefore the elaboration of a prognostic index is necessary. The survival rates are low. Mixed muellerian tumours are not at all or very little influenced by radiotherapy. The single or combined chemotherapies in use o date have not shown satisfactory success. As complete as possible surgical removal is therefore important. It cannot as yet be predicted whether our present combined treatment in stage III and stage IV by operation and post-operative combined chemotherapy with CYVADIC is liable to increase the survival rates.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Treatment: improvement or deterioration of water quality?

The formation of trihalomethanes through chlorination has shown very clearly that water treatment processes may adversely affect water quality. There are many more examples of such effects, including the following which are discussed in detail: 1. Formation of organohalogen compounds in addition to trihalomethanes by chlorination and other oxidation processes. 2. Formation of more polar, more biodegradable organics by ozonation for example, and the consequent increase in bacterial growth in the distribution system. 3. Formation and removal of organic and inorganic corrosion inhibitors by treatment, and the consequent higher heavy metal concentrations in tap water.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1981

[Endometriosis--implantation or metaplasie? (author's transl)].

The article deals with the various theories, hypotheses, localisations and experiments in connection with the genesis of uterine and extrauterine endometriosis. It is explained that there is not just one single valid cause; rather, it will be necessary to resort to various theories, depending on the localisation of the endometrial heterotopia. The article describes the case of a young woman with genital malformation combined with ovarial endometriosis. This malformation syndrome is known as Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster syndrome with congenital aplasia of the vagina and a rudimentary uterus bicornis solidus. Since such uteri do not contain any endometrium which is capable of functioning, this would exclude any canalicular, haematogenic, lymphogenic, embolic, metastatic or homotransplantational cause of endometriosis. In fact, ovarial endometrial tissue heterotopia is due to pluropotentiality of the coelomic epithelium and is produced by indentation of cortical epithelium and segmentation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Oxyuriasis of uterine tube (author's transl)].

Salpingitis is very rarely caused by parasites on our latitudes. An account is given of a case of oxyuriasis of the uterine tube which led to tubal occlusion with secondary sterility. Pathogenetically, oxyuriasis of the uterine tube can be defined as ascending infection. In terms of case history, the patient and other members of her family had been afflicted for years with intestinal oxyuriasis.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1980

[Preparation and properties of immobilized glucose oxidase].

Glucose oxidase from Penicillium notatum was immobilized by covalent, adsorptive or ion exchange attachment to insoluble carriers. The yields of immobilization using Spherons, DEAE-Sephadex, DEAE-cellulose and porous glass carriers are compared. Methods used for the estimation of kinetic parameters Km and kcat are described and results obtained for GOD in solution and in immobilized form are given. Investigations about the dependence of the enzymatic activity on pH, temperature and storage serve for the further characterization of the GOD-derivatives. There are no significant changes in the functional behaviour of the enzyme due to immobilization on selected carriers. The results are discussed with regard to application of carrier bound GOD in enzyme reactors.

Drug Stability↗