Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to W Kegel.
The pattern of phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas, catecholamine-secreting tumours, is typical. Elevated levels of catecholamines or their metabolites in urine or blood are confirmed by chemical tests. Radiographic evaluation of phaeochromocytoma by sonography, computed tomography and scintigraphy is performed primarily for the purpose of localisation prior to surgery.
A report is given on 18 patients with malignant tumors in the region of prior irradiation fields after a period of 28 years on an average. The irradiation was given because of malignant tumors in eight cases and for benign diseases in nine cases. The malignant tumors induced by ionizing radiation of the skin are often seen in multiple localisation. The risk of radiation induced cancer is given after irradiation for gynecological disorders and disorders of the superficial skin. The problem is discussed with the relevant literature.
The neurofibromatosis, with or without the characteristic skin changes, often shows typical radiological findings of the skull and the spinal column. The computer tomography (CT) provided evidence of the exact extent and localisation of the neurofibromatous tumours and their malignant transformations. The large variety of neurofibromatosis is illustrated and demonstrated in a case of a young woman with multiple neurogenic tumors and vertebral scalloping. The problems are discussed by the relevant literature.
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Anomalous branching-off of the occipital artery from the internal carotid artery is shown via angiogram. Further variants of the occipital artery are pointed out.
Finely reticulated or granulated shadows of liver and spleen, as well as metal-dense shadows of abdominal lymph nodes are characteristic roentgen findings in thorotrastosis. Thorium dioxide (Thorotrast) was used as a contrast medium from 1930-1950. It yielded excellent contrast and was well tolerated, but due to its radioactivity and its long biological half-life it caused manifold late complications. The typical roentgen findings in thorotrastosis are illustrated by two cases; the importance of thorotrastosis is discussed on the basis of relevant literature.
Diseases of the male mammary gland are clinically manifested as unilateral or bilateral, well-defined or diffuse consolidations in the breast. In some cases, the affected tissues are extremely tender on pressure. Gynaecomastia is most frequently seen (n = 22), whereas inflammatory or tumourous changes of the glandular parenchyma are rare (n = 2). The most important causes of gynaecomastia are shifts in hormonal balance where the controlling impulses acting on the glandular parenchyma are enhanced. Gynaecomastia is frequently found in patients who have cirrhosis of the liver or are taking certain drugs. 29 cases are described from the author's own patient material. The radiological image, the clinical findings, the possible aetiological aspects, as well as histological findings, if any, are described and discussed in relation to literature. Closer examination of this poly-aetiological disease pattern--namely, swelling of the male mammary gland--leads to a number of interesting differential diagnoses which sometimes require internistic and endocrinological clarification before the correct diagnosis can be found.
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This retrospective study is based on the appearance of bilateral breast cancers -- occurring simultaneously or succeedingly -- in patients our therapeutical radiation section. The examination of 368 patients in the years 1978-1981 gave result of 12 cases (3,2%) showing simultaneous bilateral breast cancer and of 14 cases (3,8%) showing succeeding contralateral breast cancer. Therefore multiple breast cancers are not to be regarded as a limited process but as manifestation in a cancerogenic effective range. This is of prime importance to the diagnosis and therapy of breast cancer.
This retrospective study reports on the occurrence of multiple carcinomas among the patients of our Department of Radiotherapy. Examination of 1290 patients during 1978 to 1980 showed in 76 cases (5.8%) simultaneously or successively secondary or tertiary tumours. These multiple tumours were most frequent in the mammary gland, in the female genital organs and in the respiratory system. Women had an incidence which was double of that displayed by men. Diagnosis and therapy of malignant tumours must always consider the possibility of multiplicity of carcinomas, either simultaneously or successively, appearing spontaneously or as a result of iatrogenic influences. This applies in particular to the multicentric and bilateral occurrence of the early types of cancer of the female breast.
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The purpose of this study was to assess whether fixed splinting aided in the reduction of posterior tooth mobility during initial therapy. A "split-mouth" approach was used in order to compare splinted segments with similar unsplinted segments. Seven patients were selected, all of whom demonstrated chronic destructive periodontitis and mobile teeth. Initial therapy, consisting of oral hygiene instruction, root curettage and occlusal adjustment, was performed over a 2-week period. At the time of initial therapy, teeth in contralateral segments were splinted with an intracoronal wire-and-acrylic splint. Tooth mobility and gingival inflammation were recorded in all four segments every 3 weeks for a 15-week monitoring period following initial therapy. The splints were removed before each data recording session and then replaced and the occlusion refined. Prophylaxis and oral hygiene instruction were repeated every second week throughout the monitoring period. The reduction in the mobility of teeth splinted during the entire therapy period did not differ from the reduction observed in the unsplinted segments. The reduction in tooth mobility observed in both the splinted and unsplinted segments over the 17-week period can be attributed to the improved occlusal relationships and reduction in inflammation.
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