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Biomedical subjects

W Kluciński

Publications and source records attributed to W Kluciński.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Concentration of ascorbic acid in the blood of cows with subclinical mastitis.

The aim of the investigations was evaluation of ascorbic acia concentration in the blood or cows in the subclinical form of mastitis. The research was conducted on 56 cows. The cows were divided into 4 groups: A, B, and C with subclinical form of mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae and Escherichia col, and D control. The ascorbic acid concentration in the serum of cows was measured by the hydrazine method. We observed a marked decrease in ascorbic acid concentration in the serum of cows from experimental groups A, B and C, respectively: 34.2, 35.9, and 39.4 micromol/dm3 when we compared them with control group D--69.8 micromol/dm3. In cows with subclinical form of inflammation of the mammary gland, a decreased potential of antioxidant protection in the blood was noticed, which manifested itself as a lower ascorbic acid concentration.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Role of antioxidants in the protection against oxidative stress in cattle--trace elements and enzymatic mechanisms (Part 3).

The most important enzymatic mechanisms which protect an organism against oxidative stress are superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (Px), e.g. glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and ascorbate peroxidase, catalase and glutathione reductase. Their activity depends on many trace elements. Enzymatic mechanisms, functioning under physiological conditions, prevent the spread of free radical reactions. New and reoccurring metabolic and infectious diseases of cattle emerge when there is a disproportion in the balance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidative enzymatic barrier.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed2003

Role of the antioxidants in the protection against oxidative stress in cattle--nonenzymatic mechanisms (Part 2).

Antioxidative status consists of two mechanisms: nonenzymatic and enzymatic mechanisms. Nonenzymatic mechanisms are composed of antioxidants, scavengers of free radicals, transition metal ions, sequester transition metal ions, albumins, ceruloplasmin, and metallothioneins. On the other hand, enzymatic mechanisms are composed of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase, catalase and reductase. In cattle, characteristics of these mechanisms depend on the nutritional status of anti-oxidant minerals, especially copper, zinc, iron, selenium, silicon, and manganese. The nutritional status of the cattle in different regions of the world and in Poland is often characterised by the lack of these minerals; therefore, there is a great potential for changes in the activity of defence mechanisms against free radicals.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Antioxidant parameters of horses according to age, sex, breed and environment.

Antioxidant defences interact to form an integrated system. There is no comprehensive and uniform view on issues concerning the antioxidant status in horses. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to estimate antioxidant parameters in horses of different age, sex and breed as well as environment and relationship between different antioxidants. Parameters of selected antioxidants including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px), total antioxidant status (TAS), ceruloplasmin (CP), bilirubin, uric acid, zinc, copper and selenium were determined in blood of 80 clinically healthy horses. Antioxidant parameters significantly varied between horses form different environments or different breed and sex. Age of horses had no significant effect on antioxidant parameters. Significant correlation coefficients were observed between enzymatic and nonenzimatic antioxidants. The nature of the relationship between the antioxidant system in horses with respect to environmental factors is rather complex and to date only a part of system is known.

Aging↗
PubMed2002

Role of transition metals ion and reactive oxygen species in biological oxidation in cattle (part 1).

Technological advances in last decades of XX centuries were well utilised in the studies of biological oxidation processes. Biological oxidation can lead to the oxidative stress and subsequently to the cell damage of animal organisms leading to many diseases. Free radical processes taking place in cattle under pathological conditions. Metal ions are often responsible for the damage of biological systems. Fenton and the Fenton like reactions can play the central role in the oxidative stress. Transition metal ions and their complexes catalyse Fenton and the Fenton like reactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

The effect of lecithin supplementation on the biochemical profile and morphological changes in the liver of rats fed different animal fats.

Sixty-four Wistar rats were divided into 8 equal groups and kept for 36 days in individual boxes. Three of the groups were given full synthetic diets containing various animal fats: beef tallow, pork fat or fish oil. A control group was fed the diets without the fat. The other four groups were fed the same diets with lecithin supplementation. At the end of experiment, sections taken from the liver were stained with haematoxylin eosin and Sudan III to indicate fat infiltration. Liver enzyme levels, total bilirubin, albumin and two products of lipid metabolism were measured in serum from all the animals. The addition of lecithin to the diets did not influence the level of enzymes in the serum except in rats fed the diet containing beef tallow. A relationship between the type of diet, lecithin supplementation and the total cholesterol concentration in serum was observed. The concentration of HDL-cholesterol was only influenced by lecithin supplementation and that of triglycerides by the type of fat in the diet. The addition of lecithin to the diet was associated with proliferation of Kupffer cells, and an increased number of binuclear cells. Fatty degeneration of hepatocytes was less pronounced in all groups following lecithin supplementation. Lecithin supplementation of the diet did not elicit any pathological lesions and may be considered as a hepatocyte protector. This favourable effect of lecithin was most marked in the group of rats fed the fish oil.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1999

Flow cytometry analysis of milk and peripheral blood cells from goats during lactation.

Cells from goat's milk and peripheral blood taken during the lactation period were analysed by flow cytometry. The investigated cells were populations of leucocytes, lymphocyte subpopulations (T, T-helper, T-cytotoxic, B, WC1-N2) and all MHC class II positive cells. Labelling of cells was performed on whole blood and milk cell suspensions. Statistically significant differences were found between percentages of B and WC1-N2 lymphocytes and MHC II positive cells from peripheral blood during the lactation period and all of examined milk cells during the same time.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

The effect of the addition of oil preparation with increased content of n-3 fatty acids on serum lipid profile and clinical condition of cats with miliary dermatitis.

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of an oil preparation with increased n-3 fatty acids content on the serum lipid profile and clinical condition of cats with miliary dermatitis. The studies were performed on 22 cats of various breeds and both sexes, aged between 3 and 7 years, that had been fed a balanced diet, based on beef meat for the previous 6 months. The animals were divided into four groups: I, five clinically healthy cats; II, five clinically healthy cats, receiving 1 ml of oil preparation with food for 6 weeks; III, seven nonpruritic cats with miliary dermatitis, without treatment; and group IV, five nonpruritic cats with miliary dermatitis, receiving 1 ml of oil preparation per day with food for 6 weeks. Every 2 weeks all cats were clinically examined. Determination of the serum lipid profile and composition of the oil preparation was performed using gas chromatography. The concentration of total cholesterol (CHL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction and triacylglycerols (TG) were determined spectrophotometrically. In three sick animals, the dermatological signs disappeared completely. In cats with miliary dermatitis, who did not receive the oil preparation, the ratio of cholesterol and HDL to triacylglycerols was reversed compared with healthy cats and sick animals which had received the oil preparation. The addition of the oil preparation lowered the content of saturated fatty acids in serum, in particular palmitic acid, and increased the content of unsaturated acids, linolenic, eicosapentaenoic (EPA, n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, n-3). Simultaneously, a nonsignificant rise in arachidonic acid (AA, n-6) and a decrease in dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA, n-6) were found. These observations indicate that cats with miliary dermatitis require an increased amount of n-3 fatty acids in the diet. This was proved not only by the observed changes in the serum lipid profile but also by the clinical improvement.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

The effect of persistent chlorinated hydrocarbons on the secretion of estradiol and progesterone by bovine granulosa cells in vitro.

The role of persistent chlorinated hydrocarbons (PCH) in the reproductive disorders in ruminants is not well documented. In the present study we have examined the effect of these compounds and their metabolites on the secretion of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) by bovine granulosa cells in vitro. Granulosa cells were isolated from large follicles (> or = 8 mm diameter) by gently washing the internal follicle wall. Aliquots of approximately 4 X 10(5) viable granulosa cells in 0.5 ml medium were cultured at 37 degrees C in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 and 95% air. Granulosa cells were cultured for 96h in a medium containing different concentrations (10(-1)-10(-4) ng/ml) of a PCH combination. Estradiol and progesterone were measured in unextracted granulosa cell culture medium by Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA). The exposure of granulosa cells to a combination of these organochlorine compounds in vitro results in a slight decrease of estradiol secretion only at the highest studied concentration of the PCH combination. However, the secretion of progesterone by these cells was seriously decreased, even by concentrations found in ovaries from animals kept under natural environmental conditions. The in vitro culture system of granulosa cells from preovulatory follicles may be useful in screening toxic effects of pesticides in animal reproduction.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

In vitro assessment of the influence of different leucocyte count lavaged from normal and inflamed cow uterus on the mouse embryo development.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different leucocyte count from normal and inflamed uterus in excess of PMNs on the development of mouse embryos during the morula or blastocyst stages in vitro. Results showed that cultivation of blastocysts in the presence of leucocytes washed from the uterus, after mediation of specific or nonspecific endometritis at a concentration of 1 x 10(4), led to significant inhibition of embryo development. No similar observations were made with blastocysts cultivated in the presence of leucocytes obtained from the normal uterus at 2-4 days after spontaneous ovulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Phagocytic activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes lavaged from the lungs of horses with clinically diagnosed chronic pulmonary disease.

The aim of this study was to compare phagocytic activity of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) from the bronchoalveolar lavage of clinically healthy horses and those with severe chronic bronchiolitis. Research was carried out on 28 horses. Chronic inflammation of the lower airways was diagnosed in nine horses. Cells from the respiratory tract were lavaged according to accepted methods. For comparison, PMNs were isolated from peripheral blood of all investigated horses. The phagocytic activity of PMNs was determined in relation to two standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Staph, aureus Smith which was phagocytized after previous opsonization, and Staph, aureus 305, phagocytized without opsonization. From the investigations, it is shown that the PMNs present in the terminal airways of horses with severe chronic bronchiolitis are characterized by decreased phagocytic activity in relation to opsonized Staphylococcus aureus Smith and increased activity in relation to non-opsonized Staphylococcus aureus 305, as compared to the PMNs lavaged from the terminal airways of clinically healthy horses. No changes in the phagocytic activity of the peripheral blood PMNs were observed between clinically diseased horses and healthy horses.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Immunological induction of endometritis-model investigations in cows.

The course of the inflammatory reaction in the uterus after local or systemic administration of specific or non-specific antigens was studied. The study was carried out on 40 cows, 10-11 weeks after labour and between 6 and 8 days after ovulation. A specific cell-mediated type of reaction was induced by intrauterine challenge with PPD in cows previously vaccinated with M. bovis subcutaneously or by intrauterine administration. A specific inflammatory process of the type of Arthus reaction was induced by intrauterine challenge with C. fetus ssp. veneralis in animals immunized with these bacteria subcutaneously or by intrauterine instillation of these bacteria. A non-specific inflammatory process in the uterus was initiated by one instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the left uterine horn. The cells were washed out from the uterus before and 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours after initiation of the specific or non-specific inflammatory process. The per cent proportions of various cell types were determined. It was demonstrated that intrauterine instillation of specific or non-specific antigens in cows caused a significant rise in PMNs per cent in relation to the control group.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effect of organochlorine pesticides on the phagocytic activity of bovine milk cells.

The effect of a complex of organochlorine compounds on the phagocytic activity of macrophages and neutrophils in milk was assessed in vitro using a mixture of DDT, DDE, DDD, alpha, beta and gamma-HCH and HCB and PCBs in concentrations occurring in milk and in concentrations being multiples of the concentrations in milk. Standard strains 305 and Smith of S. aureus were used for phagocytosis assessment. A suppressing effect of these compounds was observed on the per cent of cells phagocytizing both these strains, with a significant decrease in the number of bacteria of both strains phagocytized by macrophages, and the number of S. aureus strain 305 bacteria phagocytized by neutrophils. The concentrations of the mixture of organochlorine compounds used in the experiment had no significant effect on the number of Smith strain bacteria phagocytized by neutrophils.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

The phagocytic activity of polymorphonuclear leucocytes isolated from normal uterus and that with experimentally induced inflammation in cows.

The purpose of the study was the determination of the activity of the neutrophils isolated from a physiologically sound (non-inflamed) uterus 2 days after ovulation, and comparison of this activity with that of the polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) obtained from an uterus which had undergone experimentally induced specific or non-specific inflammatory reaction. The study was carried out on 20 cows between the 2nd and the 8th day after ovulation. Activity of PMNs was determined on the basis of the per cent of these cells with Fc receptors for IgG on their surface, and on the basis of assessment of the phagocytic activity. The Fc receptors were determined by the rosette test. The phagocytic activity of PMNs was determined in relation to two standard strains of S. aureus Smith which were phagocytized by mediation of Fc receptors and S. aureus 305 phagocytized by mediation of the "non-immunological" receptors. The study showed that the inflammatory process in the uterus caused intensive migration of large numbers of PMNs into the lumen. These PMNs have their properties altered: there is a significantly lower per cent of cells with Fc receptors in this cell population and lower Fc-dependent phagocytic activity. A significant rise in the phagocytic activity mediated by non-immunological receptors occurs at the same time in this cell population.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

The phagocytic activity of neutrophil granulocytes isolated from blood, mammary gland and uterus of cows.

The purpose of the present study was determination of the percentage of polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMNL) with Fc (FcRs) and "non-immunological" (INsRs) receptors on the surface in clinically healthy cows. In the study the PMNL populations were compared after their isolation from the peripheral blood, the mammary gland and the uterus. For the determination of FcRs and INsRs the rosette test and the phagocytosis test were chosen. The reported study demonstrated that a significantly higher PMNL proportion isolated from the colostrum, milk or uterine lumen (48 h after ovulation) had on the surface greater number of FcRs than the PMNL isolated from the peripheral blood of the same cows. These cells had also a higher phagocytic activity against two standard strains of S. aureus (Smith and 305).

Animals↗