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Biomedical subjects

W Knight

Publications and source records attributed to W Knight.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A phase III randomized study comparing cisplatin and fluorouracil as single agents and in combination for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

PURPOSE: To determine whether combination chemotherapy is superior to single agents for recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancer, we compared the efficacy and toxicity of cisplatin (CP) and fluorouracil (5-FU), alone and in combination in a phase III trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two hundred forty-nine patients with recurrent head and neck cancer were randomized to one of three treatments: CP (100 mg/m2) and 5-FU (1 g/m2 x 4), CP, or 5-FU every 3 weeks. RESULTS: The overall response rate to the combination (32%) was superior to that of CP (17%) or 5-FU (13%) (P = .035). Response was associated with good performance status (PS) but not with primary site, site of recurrence, histology, prior irradiation, or relative dose intensity. Median time to progression was less than 2.5 months, and there was no significant difference in median survival (5.7 months) among the groups. By multivariate analysis, patients with better PS and poorly differentiated tumors had superior survival. Hematologic toxicity and alopecia were worse in the combination arm. CONCLUSION: Although the response rate to the combination of CP plus 5-FU was superior to that achieved with single agents, survival did not improve.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1990

Palliative radiation therapy for Kaposi's sarcoma in patients with AIDS.

Kaposi's sarcoma is a common manifestation of AIDS, particularly in young male homosexual patients. Between 1987 and 1988, eight patients with Epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma received palliative radiation therapy. The authors' experience indicates that radiation therapy can provide good to excellent palliation for skin and oropharyngeal lesions.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Permeability of the human round-window membrane to cationic ferritin.

An ultrastructural study was done in three sequential steps to determine if the human round-window membrane was permeable to macromolecules. Cationic ferritin was first placed for one hour in the round-window niche of two live rhesus monkeys. The same tracer was then placed in the same manner in two rhesus monkeys that had been dead for one hour. In both groups, cationic ferritin was observed to traverse the round-window membrane through pinocytotic vesicles into the scala tympani. After establishing that the transport capabilities of the round-window membrane of the monkey remained present one hour after death, cationic ferritin was placed for one hour in the round-window niche of two humans who had been dead for 30 minutes and one hour. The tracer was observed to traverse the round-window membrane through pinocytotic vesicles into the scala tympani in both humans. This report may be the first to document morphologically the permeability of human round-window membranes to macromolecules.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Bateman UPF prosthesis in fractures of the femoral neck.

The Bateman universal proximal femoral (UPF) endoprosthesis has been used in 225 patients for treatment of acute fractures of the femoral neck. In 156 patients with an average follow-up of 29 months and an average age of 79 years, there were no demonstrable advantages over the Moore prosthesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Treatment of Goodpasture's syndrome with plasmapheresis. A case report and review of the literature.

A case is reported of antiglomerular basement membrane antibody-induced Goodpasture's syndrome in which the patient required hemodialysis and was treated with immunosuppressive agents and plasmapheresis. A severe (80 per cent) cresentic lesion was reversed, and creatinine was stabilized at 2.5 mg/dl at one year follow-up. Earlier reports of therapy without plasmapheresis showed that 88 per cent of the patients would either die or require long-term hemodialysis. Fifteen other reported cases of Goodpasture's syndrome in which the patients were treated with plasmapheresis are reviewed. When reported, short-term follow-up showed that nine of these patients were alive without need of dialysis, five wee receiving dialysis, and only two had died. This suggests that plasmaheresis and immunosuppressive therapy may reverse the renal lesion in some patients with Goodpasture's syndrome.

Adult↗