Biomedical subjects

W Kopp

Publications and source records attributed to W Kopp.

81 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed1983

[The effect of spermicides on physiological and pathogenic genital flora].

In vitro-studies concerning the influence of commercially available spermicides on lactobacillus acidophilus as well as on pathogenic organisms of the genital tract revealed, that the preparations had only weak antimicrobial effect on Döderlein's bacteria and pathogenic fungi. However, all four preparations tested, revealed a good inhibition effect on neisseria gonorrhoeae, treponema pallidum and trichomonas vaginalis. Irreversible damage to gonococci and trichomonas vaginalis. Irreversible damage to gonococci and trichomonas was subject to considerable variation, probably due to the different chemical composition of the commercially in Austria available spermicides.

Blastomyces↗

PubMed1982

[Genital Chlamydia infections in female patients at risk of having sexually transmitted diseases].

Investigations for Chlamydia infections of the genital tract were performed in 270 Viennese registered, as well as in 51 non-registered prostitutes. The results were compared with findings obtained in 56 female patients attending an out-patient STD clinic and 48 pregnant women seeking antenatal care in a department of obstetrics. Diagnosis of Chlamydia infection was the organisms on cultured McCoy cells after treatment with cycloheximide. The highest infection rate (31%) was found in non-licensed prostitutes. In registered prostitutes, 20.4% of the cervical smears proved to be positive for Chlamydia. The control groups showed lower infection rates of 9% and 4%, respectively. These results indicate that women who frequently change their sexual partners are considerably more at risk of contracting Chlamydia infections. Hence, this group of persons should be more regularly investigated and--if necessary--given appropriate treatment in order to prevent further spread of the disease.

Austria↗

PubMed1982

[Dose-effect relationship of glucagon on the stomach, pylorus and duodenum].

The effect of glucagon on the stomach, pylorus and duodenum was evaluated within the first 30 minutes p.i. Glucagon was administered intravenously in a dose of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 1 mg. The hypotonic effect was greater on the duodenum than on the stomach. The dose response of the pylorus was not uniform. It was possible to point out a direct relationship between the intensity and duration of the hypotonic effect and the administered dosage.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

[Effect of nitroimidazole therapy on the demonstration of gonococci].

The minimal inhibitory concentration of metronidazole and tinidazole lies between 4000 micrograms/ml and 7.8 micrograms/ml. Drug levels are present in this range for 2--5 hours in genital discharge following single dose oral therapy with 2 g tinidazole or 1.5 g metronidazole. Therefore, 5-nitroimidazole derivatives exert a bacteriostatic effect in the genital region at least on the more sensitive strains. As shown in our experiments, otherwise reliable laboratory procedures for the demonstration of gonococci may yield false negative results, if specimens for culture are obtained at an inappropriate time.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Study on suicide in depressed inpatients.

Seventy-five depressed clinical suicides were compared with 50 depressed non-suicide clinical controls, using the method of stepwise logistic regression analysis. A set of the six best discriminating variables was identified, which comprised male sex, suicidal behavior at index admission and during index hospitalization, number of previous psychiatric hospitalizations, broken home and social exits. These factors should be taken into consideration when estimating suicidal danger in all types of depressed inpatients.

Depressive Disorder↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Medical health care for Viennese prostitutes.

In Vienna, legalized prostitution is tightly controlled by the advisory board of the Viennese Public Health Service. Registered prostitutes are routinely screened for all important STDs, such as syphilis, HIV, gonorrhea, chlamydial- and yeast-infections, and Trichomonas vaginalis. Furthermore, cytological smears are obtained from the cervix and chest X-rays are performed at least once a year. In all pathological findings, an appropriate therapy is implemented. Presenting data of 1989, out of the 713 weekly controlled registered prostitutes, Neisseria gonorrhoeae was detected in 0.3% of all examinations (110/35,368). In non-registered prostitutes, the infection rate of N. gonorrhoeae was 6.9% (27/354), and so far, 20 times higher than in registered ones. The infection rate of Chlamydia trachomatis, which has been routinely diagnosed in registered prostitutes for several years, has decreased from 20.4% in 1980 to 2.2% in 1989 compared with 31.4% and 10.9% in non-registered prostitutes. In registered prostitutes, the prevalence of genital infections, such as C. trachomatis, T. vaginalis, and yeasts was shown to be 4.9%. The corresponding data in non-registered prostitutes were much higher (18.8%). Due to examinations for cervical malignancy the incidence of Papanicolaou stain IV and V has decreased from 3.1% in 1988 to 1.6% in 1989. There was no serologic evidence for syphilis and HIV infection in both special risk groups. The data demonstrate, that due to a good health surveillance of STD-risk groups, a good information service, and free treatment, the prevalence of STDs can be reduced in prostitutes.

Austria↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Seroepidemiologic study of hepatitis C virus in sexually transmitted disease risk groups.

To identify the importance of heterosexual activity as a possible route for the transmission of the hepatitis C virus (HCV), a screening of antibodies against HCV (anti-HCV) was performed in 200 sexually transmitted disease patients with different risks for incurring genital infections as well as in 100 registered prostitutes. Out of all 300 persons tested, 14 cases of HCV infection were detected. Anti-HCV was present in 3 of the prostitutes and in 11 of the STD patients. Evaluating known risk factors, such as intravenous drug use or blood transfusion, 6 out of the 11 STD patients and all of the prostitutes in whom anti-HCV was present were intravenous drug users and exhibited highly promiscuous behavior. Intravenous drug use was the probable means of acquisition in 9 of the 14 subjects in whom anti-HCV was present, and homosexual promiscuous behavior was assumed to be the means of acquisition in another 2 subjects. In heterosexual patients engaging in high-risk behavior (high number of sexual partners and genital infections), the exclusion of intravenous drug use decreased the prevalence of anti-HCV from 12.1% to 4.1%, demonstrating no significant increase from the prevalence among low-risk persons. Most of the patients were screened for STDs, such as syphilis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), trichomoniasis, and yeast infections. The highest rate of coinfection with anti-HCV was found in patients with serologic evidence of an HIV infection (50%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of DNA-probe test and culture for the detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in genital samples.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The nonisotopic DNA probe assay (PACE 2) was evaluated for the detection of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in urethral and endocervical specimens and compared quantitatively and qualitatively using recommended culture methods. GOAL OF THIS STUDY: To evaluate whether culture methods could be replaced by the DNA probe assay for the diagnosis of N. gonorrhoeae. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 502 men and women were studied, including 42 non-registered and 132 legally registered prostitutes and 115 male and 213 female STD patients. RESULTS: The overall concordance of culture and the PACE 2 assay was 98.4%. Of the tested persons, 9.6% were positive for N. gonorrhoeae by culture technique compared with 11.2% using the DNA probe assay. All samples that were positive in culture were positive in the Gen-Probe test. Of samples positive in Gen-Probe, 14.3% (8/56) were negative in culture. Three of these results were determined false-positives and five were true positives when evaluated by further analysis. The sensitivity and specificity were 90.6% and 100%, for the culture technique, and 100% and 99.3% for the DNA probe assay, respectively, when compared with true positive and negative results. CONCLUSION: The data indicate that the DNA probe assay serves as a suitable screening and diagnostic test for the diagnosis of N. gonorrhoeae in symptomatic and in asymptomatic men and women. When the performance of culture technique is not possible or unreliable, the DNA probe assay can be used for testing those at high risk for gonorrhea. In borderline cases with a low value of RLU, the DNA test should be confirmed to avoid false positive results, especially in women.

Bacteriological Techniques↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Incidence of chancroid in Vienna from 1980 to 1988.

The authors report on a retrospective study of the occurrence of chancroid in the city of Vienna during the past 10 years. After identifying two patients at the authors' department with chancroid in March 1988, the authors investigated the frequency with which this disease presented during the last 10 years. Of 32 patients, six presented between 1977 and 1980, and one patient in 1987. The remaining 25 patients were diagnosed within a 4-month period in 1981, suggesting a limited outbreak. The source of this infection could be traced to Turkey; infected prostitutes contributed to further spread in Vienna. All patients were treated successfully with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. Efficient control of this outbreak can be attributed to inpatient treatment of the prostitutes. Appropriate and timely treatment must be preceeded by careful and exact diagnosis of this disease whose clinical picture is constantly diverging from its classical form.

Austria↗