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Biomedical subjects

W Kuran

Publications and source records attributed to W Kuran.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Abolished phosphaturic response to parathormone in adult patients with Fahr disease and its restoration after propranolol administration.

The similar localization of intracranial calcification in hypoparathyroidism and in Fahr disease without parathyroid gland disorder suggests that in these two disorders the pathomechanism of calcium phosphate deposition in the brain may be similar. It may be that in Fahr disease some factors, such as chronic respiratory alkalosis, could lead to hypoparathyroidism-like changes in the brain tissue. Abolition of the phosphaturic response to parathormone (PTH) was recently demonstrated in acute experimental hypocapnia. In three adult patients with Fahr disease, a tendency towards compensatory respiratory alkalosis and arterial hypocapnia was found. The parathormone test revealed a marked decrease in phosphaturia response to PTH, but normal cAMP response. In one patient, the parathormone test was repeated during propranolol administration and showed a considerable improvement in the phosphaturic response to parathormone. It is postulated that chronic hyperventilation and hypocapnia as well as phosphaturic resistance to PTH, intracellular increase of phosphate concentration and development of hypoparathyroidism-like intracranial calcification in patients with Fahr disease could all be caused by disturbance of adrenergic receptors and their relationship to PTH receptors.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (ophthalmoplegia dolorosa)].

In the reported case unilateral external ophthalmoplegia developed in a young woman, with concomitant pain and anaesthesia in the area innervated by the 1st branch of the trigeminal nerve. After ruling out an expanding lesion of the central nervous system, aneurysm, diabetes, myasthenia, multiple sclerosis and other diseases dexamethasone was administered in a total dose of 30 mg. Complete clinical remission was achieved. In the light of observations and a survey of the peritinent literature it has been accumed that the disease was caused by a non-specific process in the small vessels in the vicinity of the cavernous sinus.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiology of epilepsy in school children at Pruszkow and Ursus].

The purpose of the study was calculation of the prevalence rate of epilepsy in school-children (7-15 years) in Prusków and Ursus on the basis of cases recorded in specialistic medical sources and determination and description of elementary clinical and social features in the studied group of children. The calculated prevalence rate of epilepsy in the studied population is 6.73/1000. It is higher in boys (7.45) than girls (5.96) and higher in older children - above 10 years (7.52) than in younger children (5.81). Approximate evaluation of the number of epileptic children at school-age on the basis of this rate shows that in the year 1970 there were about 34000 epileptic children registered in medical institutions in Poland. The analysis of all clinical and social data and certain differences in comparison with data in the literature may show that in childhood epilepsy recorded groups of children are formed by the process of selection. Of a significant role in the formation of these groups may be clinical as well as non-clinical factors. It may be expected, thus, that the actual prevalence rate of epilepsy in children population is higher than that calculated from registered cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of parkinsonism with L-dopa and peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor].

In 38 patients with Parkinson's syndrome Madopar preparation was used (L-dopa with peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor) in 33 cases as the main drug and in 5 cases as an addition to L-dopa. In the group of 33 patients 39 could complete the treatment, one patient died suddenly, three had the treatment withdrawn in view of side effects. The effectiveness of Madopar was assessed by means of five-rate scoring systems NUDS and ART. Clinical improvement was found in 22 cases (about 67%). The improvement included mainly bradykinesia and rigidity, while tremor was only slightly improved. Side effects developed in about 40% of patients and were slight and transient (apart from 3 cases). The main contraindications seem to be psychotic disturbances. In the group of 5 cases treated with Madopar as an additional drug in low doses improved the result of long-term treatment with L-dopa.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[EEG pattern during treatment of parkinsonism with L-dopa].

The authors studied the dynamics of EEG changes in 27 patients treated with L-dopa. The records obtained before treatment were compared with those made during treatment and with the clinical manifestations. In 8 cases the EEG pattern was normal before treatment and 6 of them improved (three-fourths of this subgroup). In 19 cases the EEG pattern was abnormal and 10 of them improved (about 50%). Some intensification of temporal episodic complexes in EEG records was observed during treatment without concomitant changes of clinical manifestations. In 2 cases with slowed down background activity in initial records psychic disturbances of hallucinatory obnubilation type developed requiring withdrawal of treatment. This psychotic reaction was characterized in EEG with increased intensity of generalized slowing down of EEG activity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of 24-hour casette monitoring of the EEG recording in the differential diagnosis of attacks of unconsciousness in adults].

24-hour cassette recording of EEG using the Medilog 9000 system was done in 36 patients referred for observations because of diagnostic difficulties in cases of refractors unconsciousness attacks. The method made possible isolation of 3 groups: 1. 6 patients with attacks not suggestive of epilepsy 2. 12 patients with false unconsciousness attacks which were in fact short partial complex seizures (temporal lobe absence) 3. 17 patients with actual unconsciousness attacks. The study demonstrated a high usefulness of 24-hour EEG monitoring in the differential diagnosis of unconsciousness attacks increasing the likelihood of attack recording and making possible their precise clinical and EEG characteristics which is often impossible with routine EEG and history taking.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnostic value of 24-hour simultaneous EEG and ECG monitoring of patients with heart diseases and atypical consciousness disorders].

In 24 patients with diagnostically not clear, short, recurrent episodes of consciousness disturbances and heart diseases and/or a history of arrhythmia simultaneous 24-hour recording was done of eeg and ecg. In the differential diagnosis epilepsy was considered, especially since in most cases routine eeg records demonstrated slight episodic changes. During 24-hour recording in 8 cases typical episodes of consciousness disturbances developed but in none of them these episodes were associated with arrhythmia which ruled out their cardiogenic origin. In 2 cases EEG recording served for establishing the diagnosis of partial complex seizures, 2 patients had hyperventilation syncope, one had TIA, in the remaining 3 cases absence of eeg and ecg changes during these episodes and coexistence of anxiety neurosis suggested functional origin. So the combined 24-hour eeg+ecg recording made possible establishing of diagnosis in 1/3 of these patients, enabling adequate treatment to be instituted.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[History of discoveries and advances in the studies of parkinsonism].

A review is presented of the more important discoveries and advances in the 175-year history of the studies and therapeutic trials on parkinsonism. The personality and achievements of James Parkinson are described, with a brief discussion on his most important paper "An Essay on Shaking Palsy". The important works of clinicians, neuropathologists and pharmacologists in the 19th and 20th centuries, especially in the "era of L-DOPA", are reviewed. The development of neurosurgical methods of parkinsonism treatment, including intracerebral grafting of dopamine-producing cells, is outlined.

Antiparkinson Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epilepsy and other convulsive states in long-term EEG monitoring].

The authors report the results of EEG monitoring lasting many hours with cassette recording and with interpretation after reproduction on monitor screen. The Medilog 9000 System Oxford was used for that purpose. The group comprised 32 verified cases of epilepsy and 19 cases of seizures with unestablished aetiology. In epileptics the method made possible determination of the actual frequency of seizures and their clinico electroencephalographic qualification. In the remaining group of 18 patients the epileptic character of their seizures was demonstrated in 3 cases, in 9 cases the mechanism of these seizures varied, sometimes they were neurotic vasovagal. In 6 cases the monitoring failed to provide sufficient data. These results demonstrate a highly usefulness of cassette EEG monitoring in neurological practice, especially in case of seizures. A valuable supplementation of these investigations are records monitored by television, which make possible establishing of a more close correlation between clinical symptoms and EEG findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the biological availability of 2 carbamazepine preparations].

The biological availability was determined of two carbamazepine preparations: Amizepin POLFA and Tegretol GEIGY in tablets. The study was carried out in 10 patients giving them the drug in doses of 400 mg by the crossover method at an interval of 3 weeks. The statistical analysis of the mean maximal values, mean times of reaching of maximal concentrations, and mean areas under the curve of serum carbamazepine concentration changes for both forms of the drug showed a comparable biological availability of Amizepin and Tegretol. The relative degree of bioavailability of Amizepin amounted to 98% of that of Tegretol. The values of pharmacokinetic parameters of both drugs were compared. The value of distribution volume was greater in the case of Tegretol, and the difference was statistically significant. No significant differences were found between the remaining calculated parameters.

Adult↗