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Biomedical subjects

W L Adeyemo

Publications and source records attributed to W L Adeyemo.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Pattern of paediatric maxillofacial fractures in Lagos, Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: Maxillofacial fractures in children are rare when compared to those occurring in adults. To establish the incidence, pattern, and aetiology of maxillofacial fractures in children aged 15 years and below in Lagos, Nigeria. DESIGN: A review of patients with maxillofacial fractures aged 15 years and below seen and treated at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria between January 1997 and December 2004 was conducted. RESULTS: Of the 225 patients with maxillofacial fractures seen within the study period, 37 (16.4%) were children aged 15 years and below, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.5 : 1. The highest incidence recorded was found within the age group 12-15 years (41%), with the lowest incidence occurring in the age group 0-5 years (27%). Multiple fractures were commoner in older patients (P > 0.05), and in boys (P > 0.05). There were no statistically significant relationships between the age of the patients, gender distribution, and mechanisms of injury. Road traffic crashes were the most common aetiological factor (64.9%), with the mandible being the most involved facial bone (63.8%). Majority of the mandibular fractures (33.3%) were located in parasymphyseal region. Zygomatic complex fractures were the most common in the mid-facial region. Most of the fractures (81.1%) were immobilized by simple methods (arch bars, eyelet wires, acrylic splint with circum-mandibular wiring) with or without intermaxillary fixation. Of the cases, 18.9% were managed conservatively. CONCLUSION: The incidence of facial fractures in this study was found to be higher than previously reported in Nigeria and worldwide, with almost two-thirds of cases a result of road traffic crashes. There is a need to enforce legislation aimed at preventing road traffic crashes to reduce maxillofacial injuries in children.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2006

Ultrasound as a diagnostic aid in head and neck lesions.

AIM: This article reviewed the diagnostic values of ultrasound in head and neck lesions with a view to emphasising its importance to Maxillo-Facial Surgeons in Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A computerised literature search using MEDLINE was conducted for publications on ultrasonography in head and neck region. Mesh phrases used in the search were: ultrasound and head and neck; ultrasound and oral lesions. RESULTS: Ultrasound has been found to be a reliable and sensitive diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of soft tissue cysts, vascular neoplasms, deep neck abscesses, palatal tumours, salivary gland diseases, fractures of facial bone, solid and cystic lesions of the jaws, temporomandibular joint pathology, head and neck cancer and nodal metastases. Its sensitivity and specificity for some lesions have been found to be comparable to those of computerised tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound is an established valuable diagnostic tool for head and neck lesions. The success of ultrasonography is highly dependent on the frequency of the probe, the higher the resolution the better the accuracy. Its advantages include being non-invasive, without any known deleterious biological effect, rapid, painless, inexpensive and easily reproducible.

Head↗
PubMed2005

Gene therapy in the management of oral cancer: a review of recent developments.

AIMS: This article reviews the present body of knowledge regarding the principle, transfer techniques, therapeutic strategies, clinical applications and limitations of gene therapy in the management of oral squamous cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Scientific publications on gene therapy between 1990 and 2003 were selected for the purpose of the review. These include clinical articles, experimental studies and review articles. RESULTS: Viruses are the commonly used transfer system for the delivery of gene therapy. The viral vectors commonly used are: retroviruses, adenoviruses, herpesviruses, and adenoassociated viruses (AAV). Transfection of cancer cells in vivo with gene therapy is done by intralesional injection, and sometimes by topical application. Phase I and II clinical trials have established the safety and clinical efficacy of gene therapy in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinomas in humans, especially in combination with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Phase III clinical trials and studies of the use of gene therapy as an adjuvant following surgery are presently underway. CONCLUSIONS: Gene therapy represents a new and innovative approach to the treatment of oral cancer especially in recurrent disease and adjuvant treatment. Oral squamous cell carcinoma is especially an attractive tumour target due to its frequent genetic mutations and accessibility for intra-tumoural administration of gene therapy. However, gene therapy has not yet been shown to be suitable for systemic delivery in cancer patients, hence the control of regional and metastasis is presently difficult.

Gene Transfer Techniques↗
PubMed2005

Surgical management of a large complex odontoma of the mandibular angle-ramus region through intra-oral buccal approach--A case report.

Large complex odontomas of the jaws are rare. A report of a large complex odontoma of the mandibular angle-ramus region enucleated through intra-oral buccal approach is presented. A review of the literature on different modalities of treatment is also undertaken. A large expansile complex odontoma of the angle-ramus region of the mandible was excised through an intraoral buccal approach under general anaesthesia. Recovery and immediate post-operative period were uneventful. There was no altered sensation in the distribution of the inferior alveolar nerve and lingual nerve; and wound healing was satisfactory. Post-operative radiograph 2 years after the operation showed satisfactory bone regeneration. Intraoral buccal approach to large complex odontomas of the angle-ramus region of the mandible is a relatively safe procedure with minimal complication.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Concurrent pleomorphic adenoma in parapharyngeal space and submandibular gland.

BACKGROUND: Pleomorphic adenoma in the parapharyngeal space either occurs de novo or as an extension from the deep lobe of the parotid gland. CASE PRESENTATION: A rare synchronous occurrence of pleomorphic adenoma in the parapharyngeal space and submandibular gland of a 48-year-old Nigerian male is reported. CONCLUSION: Pleomorphic adenoma concurrent in the parapharyngeal space and submandibular gland is very rare. A complete surgical excision of both tumors is the treatment of choice.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

The use of buccal fat pad in oral reconstruction - a review.

AIM: The aim of this article is to review the applications of the buccal fat pad (BFP) in oral reconstruction, 25 years after its first use as a pedicled flap. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A computerized literature search was conducted for articles published from 1977-2002. Mesh phrases used in the search were: buccal fat pad, buccal fat pad and oral reconstruction. RESULTS: A total of 43 articles were selected for the review based on the criteria for the study. Thirty of these articles were clinical articles, 8 were anatomic studies, 2 were review articles, 1 was an experimental study and 2 discussion articles. Only 9 clinical articles were published prior to 1990, and between 1990 and 2002, a total of 21 clinical articles were published. Various application of BFP in oral reconstruction include closure of surgical defects following tumor excision, repair of surgical defects following excision of leukoplakia and submucous fibrosis, closure of primary and secondary palatal clefts, coverage of maxillary and mandibular bone grafts and lining of sinus surface of maxillary sinus bone graft in sinus lift procedure for maxillary augmentation. CONCLUSIONS: The easy mobilisation of the BFP and its excellent blood supply and minimal donor site morbidity makes it an ideal flap. The main advantages of BFP are ease of harvesting, simplicity, versatility, low rate of complications as well as quick surgical technique. The operation can be performed in one incision, affecting neither appearance nor function of the area.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sigmund Freud: smoking habit, oral cancer and euthanasia.

BACKGROUND: Sigmund Freud, the father of modern psychoanalysis had a well-known love of the cigar. The natural progression of this vice was the development of oral cancer for which he underwent a lengthy ordeal. An account is given in this article of Sigmund Freud's illness and care following the diagnosis of his oral cancer. The role of euthanasia and physician assisted suicide is also discussed. METHODS: A review of relevant literature on Sigmund Freud's illness, risk factors for oral cancer and euthanasia was undertaken. RESULTS: Sigmund Freud was a heavy smoker with a 20-cigar/day habit. In 1923, a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the palate was made, for which he underwent a lengthy ordeal which span a total of 16 years. During this period, he bluntly refused to quit smoking. Freud consulted many specialists (otolaryngologists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, prosthodontists and general surgeons), during the course of his ordeal with oral cancer. He underwent 34 surgical procedures before his eventual death in 1939 through euthanasia. CONCLUSION: Continued indulgence in smoking and procrastination on the part of Freud, as well as mediocrity, negligence and incompetence on the part of the first surgeon that operated on Freud, could partly be responsible for his lengthy ordeal.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗