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Biomedical subjects

W L Gerber

Publications and source records attributed to W L Gerber.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Computer-assisted microfluorometric detection of individual malignant bladder cells.

A prospective study was done comparing the use of computer-assisted fluorescence photomicroscopy (cytophotometry) with routine cytology for the detection of human bladder cancers. A total of 129 specimens were analyzed from 89 patients. The patients were divided into two groups: Group I, with cancer demonstrated cystoscopically (55 specimens) and Group II, with no demonstrable cancer (74 specimens). The false-negative rate for cytology in the Group I patients was 64 percent but only 7 percent for microfluorometry. The false-positive rate for cytology in Group II was 5 percent but 59 percent for microfluorometry because of the presence of "reactive" cells. The sequential measurement of both routine cytology and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content can be performed on the same cells. When both modalities were employed, the false-negative and false-positive rates were only 4 percent and 5 percent, respectively. The technique and advantages of cytophotometry are discussed in detail, especially in relation to flow cytometry.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1991

Exaggerated venous mural hypertrophy in association with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate.

A 61-year-old black man presented with metastases to the right groin 5 years after 125iodine treatment for a well differentiated primary prostatic adenocarcinoma. Medium sized veins within and immediately adjacent to the neoplasm showed marked mural thickening due to hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the inner circular and outer longitudinal muscles. There was no histological evidence of radiation effect in the stroma or in the tumor cells. We could find no report in the literature of such changes associated with metastatic carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Is urethral sparing at cystectomy a safe procedure?

Urethrectomy is performed with cystectomy when the neoplasm is multifocal, at the bladder neck, or associated with carcinoma in situ (CIS). The records of the most recent 20 patients treated by radical cystectomy at our institution were reviewed. In 50 percent of the cases, the extent of disease within the bladder was found to have been underestimated to the point that a urethral sparing operation (i.e., to maintain urinary continence with an intestinal segment and an intact urethra) might have been dangerous.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1989

Segmental infarct of the testis due to hypersensitivity angiitis.

We present a case of hypersensitivity angiitis causing a segmental infarction of the testis. The lesion presented as a discrete, palpable mass that led to orchiectomy. Hypersensitivity angiitis has not been reported previously to affect the testes or to produce a segmental infarct in any solid organ. A discussion is given of the vasculitides, especially periarteritis nodosa, that may involve the testes.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Congenital pelvic arteriovenous malformation with massive prostatic hemorrhage: a case report.

Congenital arteriovenous malformations in the true pelvis are extremely rare: only 7 cases have been described in male patients. We report on a patient who presented with massive hemorrhage after transrectal prostatic biopsy and transurethral resection of the prostate. Diagnosis was established by means of magnetic resonance imaging and confirmed by arteriography. Our attempt at management by embolization and subsequent surgical ligation is described. A literature review and discussion of arteriovenous anomalies are presented.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Infertility, chemical exposure, and farming in Iowa: absence of an association.

An increased incidence of infertility and abnormal semen analysis has been described in men and experimental animals exposed to agricultural chemicals. These reports led us to review the records of 382 consecutive new male patients who had semen analyses performed at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics. No significant differences in the incidence of abnormalities in either the physical examination or the semen analysis were discovered with respect to occupation or possible exposure to chemical agents.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Scrotal malignancies: the University of Iowa experience and a review of the literature.

Cancer of the scrotum is of special interest, despite its relative infrequency, because of its surprising virulence and also by virtue of its historical importance. This was the first known occupational cancer and showed the need for research involving potential environmental carcinogens. No one individual has sufficient experience to randomize patients to different methods of treatment, and the disease is becoming even less common. Therefore, recommendations are often based on compilations from the literature, many reports being fifty to one hundred fifty years old. This report reviews the clinical features of scrotal malignancies and the forty-five-year experience with this disease at the University of Iowa.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The value of post-void radiographs in excretory urography.

For years, urologists and radiologists have had differing opinions on the value of post-void radiographs in excretory urography. This report is based on a questionnaire sent to the members of the Association of University Urologists and the Society of Uroradiologists. Satisfactory evaluation of bladder function by the use of post-void radiographs is not always possible. Nevertheless, such radiographs have value in selected cases and often play a major role in determining future therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Cryotherapy.

Since 1969 cryosurgical perineal destruction of the prostate has been developed at the University of Iowa for treatment of patients with prostatic cancer. The technique of this procedure has been the subject of previous reviews. This is a summary of our experience of patient survival and the effect on local prostatic cancer growth in those patients with various stages of the disease subjected to perineal cryosurgical destruction of their cancer. We also report briefly on our experience in the laboratory where the Dunning tumor model is used to study the effect of cryosurgery as well as combinations of immunological modifications.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Cryosurgery in prostatic cancer: elimination of local lesion.

From 1969 through 1976, we performed cryosurgery in 229 cases of prostatic cancer. Most of these patients had bulky, locally extensive primary tumors, and one-half had disseminated disease. Through the open perineal approach, which gives exposure for an adequate freeze, cryosurgery has been well tolerated. The primary surgical goal has been to reduce or eliminate the local lesion to minimize subsequent cancer-related lower urinary tract problems and to cure those patients with truly localized disease. In every case cryosurgery produced dramatic shrinkage of the local lesion. After four to eight weeks a local recurrence was suspected in 13 per cent, and 41 per cent eventually had some evidence of a recurrent cancer nodule or persistent cancer in the bladder neck. In a series of statistical analyses we have related these recurrences to other clinical factors. Cryosurgery has been a safe, effective way to reduce or eliminate the primary prostatic cancer, even in patients with large local lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Semen abnormalities in artificial insemination donor candidates.

We screened 43 healthy adult male medical students as potential anonymous donors for the artificial insemination program at our university. Of the candidates 10 had varicoceles (5 bilaterally). Over-all, 34 men (79 per cent) had inadequate semen analyses by 1 or more criteria. Of the men with varicoceles 80 per cent also had abnormal findings. Three abnormalities were discovered most frequently in the semen of men with a normal physical examination and 5 deficiencies were found in those with a varicocele. Problems with semen quality were more common than those of sperm numbers.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Sclerosing lipogranuloma of the male genitalia containing vitamin E: a comparison with classical "paraffinoma".

Sclerosing lipogranuloma of the male genitalia is a rare but distinctive abnormality of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue generally attributed to paraffin injection. We present the results of lipid analysis of lesional tissue from two patients showing the classical clinicopathologic features of this process. No history of local injections could be obtained from either patient. In one case, the patient had applied a vitamin E preparation to the affected area, and tissue lipid analysis demonstrated large quantities of tocopherol and tocopheryl acetate. Analysis of the second case demonstrated a large quantity of tissue paraffin. While this latter patient had applied a topical petrolatum-containing antibiotic preparation to his genital skin, gas-liquid chromatography demonstrated that the paraffins in this preparation differed markedly from the tissue paraffins. No source for this patient's abnormal tissue lipid could be identified.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Cryosurgery in prostatic cancer: survival.

From 1969 through 1976 we performed cryosurgery in 229 cases of prostatic cancer. This article presents survival in cryosurgery and other treatment groups. In every stage, despite a preponderance of large primary tumors and poor-risk patients, cryosurgery matched total prostatectomy and compared favorably to other modalities, including radiation therapy, at our center and elsewhere. According to previous authors, and in view of the present data, eradication of the local lesion is associated with better survival even in advanced cases. Cryosurgery provides a safe, effective method.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Failure of the double-curved ureteral stent.

Ureteral obstruction no longer requires routine open surgical diversion. With the advent of percutaneous nephrostomy techniques indwelling ureteral stents, the armamentarium exists to provide drainage by nonoperative means. This has been beneficial to many patients but especially to those who are poor risks or who have terminal illnesses and need treatment for relatively brief periods. Herein we report 2 cases of failure of the double-curved polyethylene ureteral catheter to drain effectively, leading to nephrostomy, and a case in which removal of a stent disrupted a repaired ureteropelvic junction, leading to additional surgery. Three patients also are discussed who had severe dysuria and irritation from the stents.

Adult↗