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Biomedical subjects

W L Olszewski

Publications and source records attributed to W L Olszewski.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Effect of acute venous hypertension on erythrocyte, leukocyte, and plasma protein extravasation in the dog hindlimb.

The effect of acute venous hypertension on the extravasation of plasma proteins, erythrocytes, and leukocytes into regional lymph was studied in the dog hindlimb. Although the lymph protein transport sharply rose with hindlimb phlebohypertension, capillary permeability was unchanged with retention in draining lymph of a normal proportion of large to small molecular weight proteins. Leukocyte transport also increased initially but then progressively decreased despite persistent venous hypertension. Lymph transport of erythrocytes was also high during venous hypertension but in contrast to white cells, it remained at that level as long as venous pressure was elevated. These findings suggest that different pathways and mechanisms are involved in the capillary extravasation of plasma proteins and cells capable of intrinsic motility (i.e., leukocytes) and those without independent motion (i.e., erythrocytes).

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Influence of surgery on the responsiveness of blood lymphocytes in patients with advanced cancer.

The effect of surgery on peripheral blood mononuclear cell responsiveness to mitogens and suppressor cell (SC) activity assessed in a concanavalin A (ConA) assay were studied in patients with stage 0 and stage III-IV cancer. Patients were exposed to a similar surgical trauma the same type of anaesthesia, and to no pre- and early postoperative radio- or chemotherapy. A more pronounced postoperative decrease in the lymphocyte count, responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and ConA, and in the SC activity was found in the nonadvanced than advanced cancer group. These findings point to an impaired mobilization and distribution capacity of circulating lymphocytes in patients with advanced neoplastic disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Identification of interleukin-1 in normal human lymph derived from skin.

Interleukin 1 was isolated from human lymph drained from normal skin. The lymph was separated by gel filtration chromatography on Spherogel TSK SW 2000 column. IL-1 activity was found in three fractions: greater than 70 kD, 13-16 kD and 5-5.5 kD. Additionally a slight IL-1 activity was found in the 36-40 kD fraction. When exogenous IL-1 was added to the lymph inhibitory activity was detected in fractions: greater than 70 kD, 22-30 kD and 5.5-8 kD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Epidermal cell thymocyte activity factor/interleukin 1 (ETAF/IL)-like activity in lymph drained from normal human skin.

Lymph derived from human skin contains lymphocytes which have a high rate of spontaneous blastic transformation in culture and are highly responsive to lectins. This phenomenon suggests that either a subpopulation of highly responsive lymphocytes is extravasated into skin, or skin tissue fluid and lymph contain humoral factors co-stimulating lymphocytes upon contact with tissue antigens. We sought to determine whether human prenodal lymph drained from normal leg skin possesses lymphokine activity. Significant augmentation of lectin induced thymocyte and autologous blood lymphocyte proliferation was produced by lymph. The augmenting activity was abrogated by incubation of lymph with anti-IL-1 antiserum. Supernatant from cultured lymph cells (lymphocytes, Langerhans cells) did not augment either thymocyte or autologous blood lymphocyte proliferation. No interleukin 2 activity was found in lymph. The data indicate that skin lymph possesses epidermal cell thymocyte activating factor/interleukin (ETAF/IL) 1-like activity which is not found in serum and that the main source of the putative lymphokine is epidermal and not migrating lymph mononuclear cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts in restoring bile drainage in dogs.

Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts were evaluated for use in restoring bile drainage in 21 dogs with experimental stenosis of the common bile duct. Rigid PTFE grafts reinforced with rings and armed with a polyethylene ring fastened to tissues adjacent to the hepatoduodenal ligament could not be compressed or displaced and provided a satisfactory bile drainage for periods of 12 months. Focal regeneration of common duct epithelium external to the graft was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Lymphatics, lymph and lymphoid cells: an integrated immune system.

Lymphatics, lymph and lymphoid cells are still considered to be different entities and not parts of one integrated system. Surgeons working on the problems of lymphedema study lymph flow kinetics but neglect lymph humoral and cellular constituents. Immunologists study the problems of lymph cells but neglect lymph transport and chemical composition. This article describes the author's own views on the function of the lymphatics, lymph proteins and cells as one integrated immunoregulatory system. Data from own studies on the peripheral lymphatic system performed mostly in man are quoted.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1986

Cellular composition of lymph in experimental lymphedema.

Lymph cell populations were characterized immunologically in dogs with chronic post-surgical lymphedema. There was a 10- to 30-fold increase in lymph total cell count as compared with normal (control) dogs. Morphologically, these were predominantly small lymphocytes with approximately 4-6% monocytes and veiled cells. In contrast, lymph from normal dogs contained 33% granulocytes and 27% monocytes. The Fc-R+ and C3b-R+ mononuclear nonadherent cells were less represented in lymph in chronic stasis than in normals. A high autotransformation rate of lymph cells and marked responsiveness to PHA and Con A were also observed. In chronic lymphedema K-cell and NK-cell cytotoxicity were lower than in normal lymph. Interruption or retardation of the lymphocyte recirculation pathway with lymph stasis may alter regulation of immune responsiveness in lymphedematous tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Temocillin penetration of peripheral lymph.

An intravenous dose of temocillin 1g was administered to 5 healthy human volunteers from whom peripheral lymph, serum and urine were monitored for 12 hours. The concentrations after 1 hour were 14.3 mg/L in lymph and 58.1 mg/L in serum. The mean peak concentration in lymph (appearing between 1.5 and 2 hours) was 30.6 mg/L, and the simultaneous serum level was 47.8 mg/L. The lymph concentrations were always below those in serum, and the elimination half-life was 4.4 hours from lymph compared with 4.9 hours from serum. The ratio between the total areas under the concentration curves in lymph and in serum was 0.56, which reflects the ability of temocillin to penetrate to lymph. Serum protein binding appeared to impede the rate of transport from serum to lymph, but when compared with the results of less highly bound penicillins the total penetration of temocillin was better than expected.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Decreased suppressor cell activity after surgery.

The effect of surgery on suppressor cell (SC) activity assessed in a ConA assay and concentration of OKT8+ cells in peripheral blood were studied in 16 patients with stage 0 cancer of uterus. An evident decrease in the number of freshly obtained OKT8+ and cultured for 20 hr with ConA OKT8+ cells and subsequently a drop in whole blood suppressor activity were found in the immediate postoperative period. The recovery of SC activity but not of OKT8+ cell level was observed on day 5. A nonsignificant decrease in E-RFC suppressor activity compared with that of whole blood SC suggests that function of T-suppressors has not been affected. The non-T cells did not produce any suppressive effect. These results indicate that the postoperative drop in the blood SC activity is due to the temporary depletion and not to the depressed function of SC.

Adult↗