Biomedical subjects

W L Zike

Publications and source records attributed to W L Zike.

17 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1987

Oligosaccharides as an intravenous energy source in postsurgical patients: utilization when infused with glucose, amino acids, and lipid emulsion.

Utilization of intravenously administered oligosaccharides was evaluated in postsurgical patients by infusing oligosaccharides simultaneously with glucose, amino acids, and lipid emulsion for 4 d postoperatively. Seven patients were infused with a nutritional regimen providing glucose, amino acids, lipid emulsion, and oligosaccharides and seven patients received a similar regimen without oligosaccharides. Patients infused with oligosaccharides received an overall mean (+/- SD) of 144 +/- 41.0 g oligosaccharides per day. The mean overall excretion of total glucose (free plus oligosaccharide-bound) was significantly greater in patients infused with oligosaccharides (65.1 +/- 33.2 g/d) than in controls (1.83 +/- 1.55 g/d). Overall oligosaccharide utilization for the 4-d period was 48.7 +/- 10.1%. Plasma oligosaccharide concentrations increased from a baseline value of 2.43 +/- 1.90 mg/dL to 58.1 +/- 42.3 mg/dL after 4 d of oligosaccharide infusion, suggesting accumulation.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

Utilization of parenterally administered glucose oligosaccharides when infused with glucose and amino acids in postsurgical patients.

Utilization of intravenously administered oligosaccharides was tested in postsurgical patients by infusing them simultaneously with glucose and amino acids. Thirty two patients were infused with one of two parenteral regimens for four-day periods. Twenty-two patients received a nutritional regimen providing 46 g glucose, 32.5 g amino acids, and 45 g oligosaccharides per liter, while the remaining ten patients received the same solution without oligosaccharides. Patients infused with the test solution received an overall four-day mean +/- SD of 106 +/- 24.2 g oligosaccharide per day. The mean overall four-day excretion of total glucose (free plus oligosaccharide bound) was significantly higher (P less than 0.001) in patients infused with oligosaccharides (46.1 +/- 29.0 g/d) than in reference patients (1.19 +/- 1.20 g/d). Of the total carbohydrate excreted in patients receiving oligosaccharides, 11.3 +/- 13.1 g/d were glucose, 14.8 +/- 13.1 g/d were maltose plus maltotriose, and 20.8 +/- 19.3 g/d were oligosaccharides of maltotetraose size or larger. Although overall utilization of infused oligosaccharide for all patients was only 58.5% +/- 23.1%, three of the patients showed unexpectedly good utilization (94.6% +/- 1.24%).

Adult↗

PubMed1984

Hepatic artery ligation and chemotherapeutic infusion in the treatment of hepatic malignancy.

This report reviews the results of treatment of hepatic malignancies by intra-arterial infusional chemotherapy and hepatic artery ligation. Seventy-nine patients with liver metastases or primary hepatomas were treated by this technique between the years 1970 and 1982. The majority of patients had metastatic disease from colon and rectal cancers. The median and mean survivals in the total group was 10 and 14 months, respectively (including operative deaths). Patients with metastatic disease from colon and rectal cancers had better survival than those with metastases from other primaries. Patients with synchronous liver malignancy had better survival than those with metachronous disease. Length of survival correlated positively with the duration of chemotherapeutic infusions, the latter being frequently (in 42% of patients) interrupted because of catheter complications. A new technique utilizing implantable pumps can be expected to further improve the results by reducing catheter malfunction and prolonging treatment courses.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMed1984

Effect of meal components on peripheral and portal plasma glutamate levels in young pigs administered large doses of monosodium-L-glutamate.

Mean peak plasma glutamate concentrations and area under the plasma glutamate concentration-time curve are much lower in adult humans ingesting monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) in formula than in water. The present study investigated the effects of individual meal components on portal and vena caval plasma glutamate concentration in young pigs administered MSG. Portal vein catheters and gastrojejunal tubes were placed in four young male pigs, and the animals were allowed to recover. Each animal was then administered four water solutions providing 500 mg/kg body weight MSG in a Latin square design. One solution provided only MSG; the second provided MSG and 1 g/kg body weight metabolizable carbohydrate (partially hydrolyzed corn starch); the third provided MSG and 1 g/kg body weight nonmetabolizable carbohydrate (beta-cellobiose); and the fourth provided MSG and 0.4 g/kg body weight of an amino acid mixture (Aminosyn, Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Ill). Mean peak plasma glutamate concentration and area under the plasma glutamate concentration-time curve were significantly lower (P less than 0.05) in both portal and vena caval blood when MSG was administered with metabolizable carbohydrate than when administered in water. Simultaneous ingestion of MSG with nonmetabolizable carbohydrate (beta-cellobiose) or amino acids had no significant effect on either mean peak portal or vena caval plasma glutamate concentration or area under the plasma glutamate concentration-time curves when compared to values observed when MSG was administered alone. The data suggest that metabolizable carbohydrate is the meal component affecting plasma glutamate concentration.

Alanine↗

PubMed1984

Portal and vena caval plasma methionine concentrations in young pigs administered L-methionine, N-acetyl-L-methionine and N-acetyl-D-methionine.

N-Acyl-methionine derivatives have been proposed as replacements for methionine in supplementing food products low in this amino acid. We studied the effects of N-acetyl-L-methionine, N-acetyl-D-methionine and L-methionine loads (2 mmol/kg body weight) on portal and vena caval plasma amino acid concentrations in young pigs (n = 4). L-Methionine loading significantly increased mean (+/- SD) portal and vena caval plasma methionine concentrations from baseline values of 6.44 +/- 1.03 and 6.63 +/- 0.99 mumol/100 ml, respectively, to mean peak values of 340 +/- 75.0 and 265 +/- 49.8 mumol/100 ml, respectively. N-Acetyl-L-methionine loading increased mean peak portal and vena caval plasma methionine concentrations to 291 +/- 85 and 220 +/- 51.6 mumol/100 ml, respectively. N-Acetyl-L-methionine could not be detected in either portal or vena caval plasma. In contrast, N-acetyl-D-methionine loading produced only a small rise in mean peak portal and vena caval plasma methionine concentrations (13.0 +/- 4.31 and 8.62 +/- 1.71 mumol/100 ml, respectively). Concentrations of N-acetyl-D-methionine increased from baseline values of 0 mumol/100 ml to mean peak values of 251 +/- 32.0 and 234 +/- 72.3 mumol/100 ml, respectively, in portal and vena caval plasma. These data explain the poor utilization of N-acetyl-D-methionine as a methionine source.

Animals↗

PubMed1978

Iatrogenic liver abscesses. A complication of hepatic artery ligation for tumor.

The use of hepatic artery ligation, with or without placement of an indwelling infusion catheter for the instillation of chemotherapy, became widely employed in the late 1960s. This was a natural outgrowth of observations that it was reasonably well tolerated in man if certain precautions were followed and that tumors in the liver, whether primary or metastatic, received the major portion of their blood supply by that vessel. As tumor necrosis following ligation was the anticipated result, it followed that undrained collections of nonviable tumor might well be expected to develop in a certain number of patients and that such collections would form intrahepatic abscesses. It appears that development of the complication does not adversely affect the result of the procedure, and this must certainly only be true because of recognition and proper therapy directed to the complication.

Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical↗

PubMed1975

Esophageal stricture secondary to reflux esophagitis.

Since 1966 we have used esophageal dilation plus Nissen fundoplication as our sole method of treating esophageal strictures caused by reflux esophagitis. Twenty-six patients were treated for esophageal strictures. Dysphagia, vomiting, and weight loss were the main complaints. All had roentgenographic evidence of esophageal stricture confirmed by endoscopy. All patients had preoperative or intraoperative dilation of the stenotic segment with a Hurst dilator, followed by Nissen fundoplication as the antireflux operation of choice. This more conservative approach, which corrects both the reflux and stricture problem, has not been associated with mortality nor has there been any morbidity associated with the dilation procedure. All patients thus treated have remained asymptomatic on normal alimentation for the follow-up period, which ranges from six months to seven years.

Body Weight↗

PubMed1975

Hepatic artery ligation and cytotoxic infusion in treatment of liver neoplasms.

Since 1970, 38 patients with multiple primary or secondary liver neoplasms have been treated by hepatic artery ligation and distal cytotoxic infusion with fluorouracil. There have been two postoperative deaths. Although liver enzymes (alkaline phosphatase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and lactic dehydrogenase) rise markedly during the first three days, they usually return to preoperative levels within eight days. The median survival time of all patients, including the two postoperative deaths, was 13.3 months. The longest patient survival was 44 months. In the eight patients still living, the median survival time is 17 months, ranging from 11 to 27 months. Substantial palliation can be achieved by hepatic artery ligation and infusion with minimal morbidity and mortality.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗

PubMed1975