PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

W M Hammon

Publications and source records attributed to W M Hammon.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1971

Studies on Japanese B encephalitis virus vaccines from tissue culture. XI. Immune mechanism and evaluation of the mouse challenge potency test.

A study was carried out to evaluate the reliability of and to determine the mechanism involved in an antigen extinction mouse intraperitoneal (ip) challenge test for potency of a cell culture vaccine for Japanese B encephalitis, a modification of a test originated by Sabin for a mouse brain vaccine. Some comparisons were made with the official Japanese test using an intracerebral (ic) challenge after a more prolonged immunization procedure. The Japanese method of using a lyophilized reference vaccine with each test was also employed. It was found that the ip and the ic test appeared to show similar relative differences between lots. The ip test was more quickly and readily performed, gave reasonably consistent results on repetition, and, when used with a suitable reference vaccine, gave promise of being an entirely suitable and reliable test. Immunization by the intramuscular route rather than by the regular ip route appeared to offer no advantage and was less consistent in responses shown. Neutralizing antibody responses of the mice in the standard procedure were very quick to appear, about 4 days after the first dose of vaccine and had a peak titer about the seventh day, the time of challenge. This titer fell quickly unless challenge occurred. The antibody was heat stable, but it was readily inactivated by 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME). Not until the 11th or 15th day did a small amount of immunoglobulin G appear. Challenge on day 7 significantly increased titers, but this antibody was also mostly inactivated by 2-ME. Interferon did not appear to play any significant role in the protection shown by the mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1971

Analysis of 2187 consecutive penetrating wounds of the brain from Vietnam.

A series of 2187 cases of penetrating wounds of the brain, treated in a U.S. Army Hospital in Vietnam, is analyzed according to operability, wounding agents, sites of cranial penetration, associated organ system injuries, operative and postoperative complications, and mortalities. A detailed description of the operative technique of thorough intracranial debridement and dural repair is presented and stressed. The previously established principles of combat neurosurgery are confirmed and their continued use recommended.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMed1971

Retained intracranial bone fragments: analysis of 42 patients.

Forty-two patients with retained intracranial bone fragments from Vietnam war wounds were evaluated and treated at the Walter Reed General Hospital. Forty required further debridement, 16 had positive wound cultures while they were on antibiotic therapy, 23 had gross evidence of infection, and the remainder also had debris and necrosis at the retained bone fragment sites. There were eight in-hospital deaths. All surviving patients available to follow-up have been free of infection. Retained intracranial fragments of bone should be removed as early as is possible.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗