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Biomedical subjects

W M Nyka

Publications and source records attributed to W M Nyka.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Cerebral blood flow changes in Parkinson?s disease associated with dementia.

Dementia is one of the main non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) and it is diagnosed in about 30% of cases. Its aetiology remains unclear and contributing factors are controversial. Dementia may be more common in old patients with severe motor symptoms and mild cognitive impairment. Clinico-pathological studies show the association between dementia in PD and the age-related group of dementias, such as AD and VaD. A valuable aid in the assessment of dementia in PD is cerebral blood flow (CBF) brain SPECT scanning. It shows three different patterns of rCBF reduction, including frontal lobe hypoperfusion, Alzheimer-like type of hypoperfusion and multiple, vascular defects. The heterogeneity of rCBF reduction may reflect the multifactorial pathophysiology of dementia in PD. It may result from concomitant AD pathology, cerebrovascular disease, destruction of nigro-striato-frontal projection or may be a distinct disease of different aetiology.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1995

[Evaluation of long term results of surgery for myasthenia gravis (with regard to electrophysiological studies)].

The study aimed to quantify clinical and electrophysiological results of thymectomy. The study included 43 patients (14 men and 29 female) with the peak age of onset of symptoms between 20 to 40 years. The mean duration time after the thymectomy was 36 months. In all the patients the supramaximal repetitive nerve stimulation was performed. In 31 patients the clinical results of thymectomy were good (remission or reduced post operative dosage of drugs). The abnormal decrement in repetitive nerve stimulation was detected in 38 patients. The study demonstrates that clinical improvement after thymectomy is not equal to normalization of neuromuscular junction and clinical remission did not predict the final course of myasthenia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Cerebral lesions of mature newborn due to perinatal hypoxia. I. Placental and umbilical cord pathology.

The structure and topography of the damages in the central nervous system of mature (35th week of pregnancy and more) human newborns, who died in the perinatal period due to hypoxia, have been investigated. Two homogenous groups were separated: In the first group hypoxia was due to placental pathology, in the second group it was the result of umbilical cord pathology. The greatest damages of the cells in paleocortex were found in the region of Ammon's horn, in neocortex the most seriously injured were parietal and occipital lobes.

Birth Injuries↗
PubMed1976

Cerebral lesions of mature newborn due to perinatal hypoxia. II. Mother's diseases.

The influence of chronic intrapregnancy hypoxia caused by mother's diseases (toxemia, gravidarum, hypochromic anemia, diabetes) on the brain of a mature newborn has been investigated. Besides the vast damages of the parieto-occipital cortex, Ammon's horn (entorhinal) motor and insula cortex there were also some damages of the cerebellum and the brain stem cells. The damages of the cells in the brain stem seem to be one of the causes of the abnormal perinatal adaption.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnostic difficulties in a case of leukemia with radicular symptoms].

The author describes a 20-year-old patient with leukaemia and with meningoradicular symptoms. The first neurological symptoms developed 2 years after disclosure of haematological changes. Despite treatment with steroids, intrathecal Methotrexate and radiotherapy the patient died 3 years after the diagnosis of leukaemia had been established. Myeloblastic leukaemia was confirmed on autopsy. The importance of early intrathecal Methotrexate treatment is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neurological examinations of workers with chronic exposure to manganese dioxide during the production of piles and batteries].

The authors examined 118 workers making piles and batteries under conditions of exposure to toxic action of manganese dioxide dust. Neurological and EEG investigations showed presence of pyramidal tract lesion signs in 16.9% of workers, extrapyramidal syndromes in 6.8%, peripheral nervous system involvement in 13.5% and neurotic complaints in 42.4%. The frequency of neurological manifestations was directly proportional to the duration of work in exposure. The difference in the frequency of neurotic complaints and signs of peripheral and central nervous system damage was statistically significant between the group exposed to manganese dioxide and the control group. EEG investigations were performed in 51 workers and abnormalities were found in 21 cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Case of Hakim's syndrome].

The authors report a case of Hakim's syndrome developing in a 53-year-old man. Manifestations of parkinsonian syndrome prevailed. After implantation of a Pudenz-type valve significant improvement was obtained which confirms the clinical diagnosis.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts↗