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Biomedical subjects

W M Thompson

Publications and source records attributed to W M Thompson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

A comparison of the performance of rating scales used in the diagnosis of postnatal depression.

The results of a study looking into the association between thyroid status and depression in the postpartum period were reanalysed to explore the psychometric properties of the rating scales employed. The performance of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was found to be superior to that of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in identifying RDC-defined depression, and on a par with the observer-rated Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, which it also matched for sensitivity to change in mood state over time. The anxiety subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale performed well, reflecting the fact that anxiety represents a prominent symptom in postnatal depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Tonsil cancer. Patterns of failure after surgery alone and surgery combined with postoperative radiation therapy.

BACKGROUND: The authors determined the patterns of treatment failure in patients treated with surgery alone or surgery combined with postoperative radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil. METHODS: Seventy-two patients underwent surgery alone (56) or surgery and postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy (16). All patients were followed up until death (40 patients) or for a minimum of 3.5 years. For patients treated with surgery alone, clinic notes, operative notes, and pathology reports and slides were reviewed to identify clinical or pathologic predictors of recurrence above the clavicles, cause-specific survival, and overall survival. For patients undergoing postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy, demographic, treatment, and pathologic variables were analyzed to identify factors associated with control of disease above the clavicles, disease-free survival, and overall survival. RESULTS: The main pattern of treatment failure was above the clavicles. It occurred in 39% of patients treated with surgery alone and was significantly related (P = 0.002) to the overall clinical TNM stage. Disease recurrence above the clavicles occurred in 31% of patients undergoing surgery and postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy, despite their more advanced neck disease. Five-year overall survival for patients with clinical Stage III and IV disease who were treated with surgery and post-operative adjuvant radiation therapy was 100% and 78%, respectively. Five-year overall survival for patients treated with surgery alone who had clinical Stage III, IVA, or IVB disease was 56%, 43%, and 50%, respectively. CONCLUSION: We recommend postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy for patients with clinical Stage III or IV squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil who have undergone complete surgical resection because this appears to improve control of disease above the clavicles and overall survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Role of radiology in medical education: perspective of nonradiologists.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: We asked our nonradiologist colleagues to evaluate and comment on the most desirable format for radiology education. METHODS: Questionnaires were distributed to 631 nonradiologist physicians affiliated with the University of Minnesota and representing all medical specialties and academic ranks. Three hundred twenty-seven surveys were returned after one mailing. RESULTS: Residency was retrospectively noted to be indispensable for consolidating knowledge of radiology. The overwhelming majority of clinicians in all specialties believed that formal radiologic instruction should be mandatory for medical students (279 of 322; 87%). Film interpretation was believed to be an indispensable part of a medical student radiology rotation (226 of 321; 70%), but many clinicians indicated a need for additional training. A marked disparity in the perceived level of confidence in interpreting radiologic tests during medical school and residency between those who had and those who had not received formal radiologic instruction during medical school was evident. This difference in perceived level of confidence was present even among the most experienced clinicians. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, the nonradiologist clinicians emphasized the need for a mandatory and clinically oriented radiology curriculum during medical school.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1994

Neoplasms of the upper gastrointestinal tract.

Neoplasms of the upper gastrointestinal tract are generally detected by barium studies or endoscopy. Computed tomography remains the primary imaging modality for staging. Magnetic resonance imaging and endoscopic ultrasonography may also play an increasing role in evaluating these tumors.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1994

Staging colorectal carcinoma.

Colorectal cancers are the second most common tumor in the United States and the most common gastrointestinal cancer. Preoperative staging with computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and endorectal ultrasonography has some limitations. Their routine use has not been established. Endorectal ultrasonography may prove valuable in patients with rectal tumors. Computed tomography is the recommended procedure for follow-up imaging in colorectal cancer patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Postoperative irradiation for tonsillar carcinoma.

From January 1975 through July 1987 at the Mayo Clinic, 16 patients received postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil (pathologic stage I in 4 patients, stage III in 3, and stage IV in 9). Follow-up was continued for a minimum of 2 years or until death. At 5 years, overall survival was 74% and disease-free survival was 68% for the entire group of patients. The local-regional control rate at 5 years was 83% for 12 patients with pathologic stage III or IV disease; the 5-year disease-free survival rate was 74%. The results with use of postoperative irradiation for stage III or IV tonsillar cancer seem superior to those for a similar historical group of patients who underwent surgical treatment only. Because the number of patients was small and the analysis was retrospective, our study may have included some undetected bias.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

The General Electric-Association of University Radiologists Radiology Research Academic Fellowship (GERRAF). An industry-academic collaboration to improve clinical research in radiology.

The association of GE Medical Systems and the AUR represents a unique collaboration between academic radiology and industry that bears important potential for elevating the quality of clinical research in radiology and developing a cadre of high-quality radiologist researchers for the future. The establishment of the GERRAF is especially timely given the new imperatives of the rapidly changing health care environment, with its emphasis on expenditure reduction. The ultimate goals of GERRAF are to develop research leaders for radiology that will provide guidance for appropriate clinical practice, better train future researchers, and secure the role of radiologists in caring for patients.

Fellowships and Scholarships↗
PubMed1993

Imaging of recurrent carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract.

Computed tomographic scanning is currently the main imaging modality used to detect recurrent cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. Additional studies such as MR imaging, ultrasound, and immunoscintigraphy provide complementary information. Further research is needed so that these studies can be applied in a cost-effective manner that has a positive impact on clinical outcomes.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1993

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS): a promising nonsurgical treatment for bleeding gastroesophageal varices.

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS) is a relatively new procedure for variceal decompression and alleviation of variceal bleeding. A central connection is made transjugularly between the right hepatic vein and portal vein confluence. The shunt is then buttressed with metallic stents. Between March and August 1992, nine patients with cirrhosis and recurrent variceal hemorrhage have undergone the TIPS procedure at Oklahoma Memorial Hospital. The procedure was successfully performed in all patients. The mean initial direct portosystemic gradient of 22.4 mm Hg was reduced to 9.7 mm Hg. All patients have survived to date with no evidence of recurrent variceal hemorrhage following discharge or transfer. Initial results from our institution and internationally suggest that the TIPS procedure will become an attractive alternative to operative portosystemic shunts.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Pulmonary autograft replacement in children. The ideal solution?

Fifty-one children, aged 1.8 to 21 years (mean, 11.4) with aortic valve replacement using a pulmonary autograft are reviewed. Twenty-nine were intra-aortic implants and 22 were root replacements. There was one operative death, no late deaths, and two have required reoperation. Actuarial freedom from reoperation was 93% +/- 5.5 at 5.6 years. Freedom from progression of aortic insufficiency (AI) was 81% +/- 9 at 5.6 years in the intra-aortic implants and 86% +/- 10 in the root replacement. Enlargement of the pulmonary autograft was seen echocardiographically in both groups. This enlargement was consistent with somatic growth and not associated with progression of AI. Ten of 19 patients with aortic stenosis had an LV mass index suggestive of LV hypertrophy before operation. At 1 year, 18 of 25 had a normal LV mass index. Thirteen of 16 patients with AI had preoperative abnormal LV mass index. All but four returned to normal by 1 year. Low operative risk, excellent function, resolution of abnormal LV hemodynamics, and enlargement consistent with somatic growth suggest that the pulmonary autograft is the ideal replacement for the malfunctioning aortic valve.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Imaging of gastrointestinal malignancies.

Many advancements in the imaging of gastrointestinal malignancies have been seen in the past year. Endorectal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging with an endorectal surface coil allow for more accurate staging of the depth of bowel wall invasion by rectal carcinoma. Monoclonal antibody imaging may detect metastases not found by other modalities while computed tomography arterial portography and intraoperative ultrasound improve our ability to identify liver metastases. Endoscopic ultrasound is also useful in the preoperative assessment of esophageal cancer and pancreatic endocrine tumors.

Diagnostic Imaging↗