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Biomedical subjects

W Mährlein

Publications and source records attributed to W Mährlein.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Evaluation of measurement accuracy in microcatheterization of the heart].

In 192 patients with silicosis the results of the cardiac micro-catheterisation under conditions of rest were compared with those ones of a secondary examination performed two years later. This allows conclusions to the behaviour of the pressure values measured in the period observed as well as to the evidence of an individual cardiac micro-catheterisation. No essential increase of the mean pressure of the pulmonary artery was observed. The dispersion of an individual measurement is 3 Torr. A pulmonary hypertension, which is given from 20 Torr upwards, consequently may be established with a 95% statistical certainty only from an individual measuring value of 26 Torr.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1978

[Thermographic thorax diagnostics].

Among several variants of devices the infra-red thermography has obtained a wide technical perfection allowing to measure the thermal energy emitted from the body surface without contact, quickly and dynamically, and to produce a picture for analysis. Since numerous functional and pathophysiological proceedings are connected with changes of temperature, the use of thermography for diagnosis of processes near the body surface may be recommended. Based on thermic observations in 63 patients and a control experiment in 15 persons, experiences with the thermography in the diagnosis of diseases, which are localized more profoundly in the thoracic cavity, were reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Definition of limits of bronchial reactivity with aid of bodyplethysmography (author's transl)].

Investigations for dose-effect relationship of acetylcholine-ultrasonic-aerosols (apparatus "TUR" USI3, duration of inhalation three minutes, control of the ventilation parameters five minutes after termination of inhalation) led to the result that the delimination of the bronchial hyperreactivity is already possible by application of a 0.01% test-concentration. In this way the ultrasonic-aerosol-method also leads to results which are comparable with the nozzle-aerosol-method used in GDR (0.5% test-concentration, duration of inhalation one minute). As a limiting criteria for the evaluation of a bronchial hyperreactivity analogous to the decrease in the FEV1 of greater than or equal to 15% in comparison with the starting position for the bodyplethysmography yield an increase of the resistance totalis of greater than or equal to 3.0 cm H2O/1/s.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1977

[Are repeated controls of the forced expiratory volume (FEV1) necessary in examinations of bronchial reactivity? (author's transl)].

In 432 patients examinations of bronchial reactivity with the acetylcholin test (3 min. inhalation of a 0.1% acetylcholine solution) were carried out with testing FEV1 immediately, 5 min. and 10 min. after stopping inhalation. It could be shown that the extent of bronchial hyperreactivity can be found by a single determination after acetylcholine provocation. It is proposed to use this one-step method for routine examinations and to measure FEV1 five min. after stopping inhalation. For clinical evaluation the intensity of bronchial reaction has also to be considered and estimated.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1976

[Aspects of the risk-free use of micro-catheterization in 3342 examinations].

The microcatheterization for purpose of sounding of the right heart has proved itself in the prediagnostics of vitia cordis, for verification of the latent cor pulmonale, especially in combination with the bicycle ergometer load, and in the intensive medicine in the permanent measurement of the pressure of the pulmonary artery. The method gives the advantage of the frequent reproducibility and at the same time uncomplicated usability. In 3,342 microcatheter investigations only eight complications appeared (0.24% of the cases). Practical methodical references are given and possibilities of error in registering the pressure are indicated.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1976

[Hemodynamic analysis of pulmonary circulation by microcatheter technique in healthy persons and in patients with pulmonary silicosis (author's transl)].

A comparison of hemodynamic analysis of pulmonary circulation in 18 healthy men (PM less than 20 Torr) and 19 patients with pulmonary silicosis (PM larger than or equal to 20 Torr) at rest and under work load gave following results: In most healthy persons pulmonary pressure rose under load while resistance of pulmonary circulation decreased significantly. In patients with silicosis pulmonary pressure being elevated at rest reached pathological values under load while resistance of circulation decreased less. There was no difference in cardiac time-volume between both groups. The authors found a linear correlation between cardiac time-volume and oxygen uptake related to body surface. They derived a formula of approximating cardiac time-volume by oxygen uptake and body surface.

Cardiac Output↗
PubMed1976

[Bodyplethysmographic analysis in patients with silicosis (author's transl)].

Pulmonary airway resistance was measured in patients with silicosis and in normal subjects using a volume-constant bodyplethysmograph. Values of total resistance RT were compared with spirometric ventilation parameters, oxygen tension during steady-state-exercise and arterial blood pressure. The analysis shows a significant relationship between status of silicosis and the degree of resistance. Resistance values were found enhanced also in comparison with a decrease of vital capacity and FEV1 and with an increase of residual volume and arterial blood pressure.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1976

[Experiences with the mediastinoscopy for the diagnostics of silicosis (author's transl)].

122 patients, suspicious for silicoses, with a history of silicogen dust exposure, radiological changes and restricted lung function values were examined by mediastinal biopsy for securing the diagnosis. In 82 patients (67,2%) a silicosis could be confirmed by histological examinations of the mediastinal lymph nodes. A close association between silicosis in the lungs and in the lymph nodes is empirically suggested. If the histological findings were in compliance with suspicious radiological changes and patients history, silicosis was acknowledged as an occupational disease. In patients with beginning silicotic changes in the peripheral two upper lung fields associated with an hilar hyperplasia, a higher proportion of positive results could be found. The most positive alterations were found in the lymph nodes of the right hilus. The mediastinoscopical findings in other parts proved not to be so yielding. Therefore, in cases with anatomical difficulties the surgical examination should not be extended to other parts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Basic-diagnostic-criterions of respiratory insufficiency--results of a community work of the working group "pathophysiology of breathing" (author's transl)].

11 laboratories of the working group "Pathophysiology of Breathing" cooperated with standardized methods to obtain generally admitted practical criterions for the definition of respiratory insufficiency. Function parameters of 2800 examined persons in different diagnostic groups were tested by manual statistical analysis and computed by data processing system. which were assessed with regard to their usefulness as criterions for respiratory insufficiency. The arterial O2-partial pressure proved to be the most crucial criterion of respiratory insufficiency permitting objective evidence of a manifest respiratory insufficiency by hypoxeamia under standard efforts with a bicycle-ergometer. The screening parameters of ventilation such as vital capacity and forced exspiratory volume are suitable as subjective rapid methods for a quantitative estimation of one type of respiratory insufficiency: the ventilation disturbance. Investigations, which were carried out with a higher apparatus expense like the estimation of residual volume, the functional residual capacity, and the arterial CO2-partial pressure permit the further differentiation of causes of the respiratory insufficiency and the separation between respiratory partial- and global insufficiency. The parameters of gas exchange: O2-consumption, respiratory quotient, and the screening parameter of cardiocirculation heart rate are not or only limited useful as criterions of respiratory insufficiency alone.

Hemodynamics↗
PubMed1975

[Demonstration of a non-invasive measurement of the heart minute volume].

With the help of a rapidly indicating oxygen gas analyser and the additional use of the rerespiration of a gas mixture, containing nitrogen and carbon dioxide, we succeed in analysing the partial oxygen pressure in the mixed venous blood and thus establishing non-operatively the minute output of the heart according to Fick's principle.

Cardiac Output↗
PubMed1975

[Clinical-pharmacological studies on the effect of mephentermin and methamphetamine on the hemodynamics of the lung circulation].

In haemodynamic investigations of altogether 40 male probands with normal and restricted functional capacity of the lungs the result of an intravenous injection of mephentermine (30 mg) or methamphetamine (15 mg) was a transient increase of the mean pressure in the pulmonary artery and of the resistance of the pulmonary vessels. Temporarily parallel the arterial mean pressure and the resistance of the vessels in the greater circulatory system in most cases increased by about the same, in healthy persons after application of methamphetamine by a smaller relative amount. In the dosage used the vasoconstrictive effect of methamphetamine was altogether only somewhat more expressed. At the time of the maximum increase of the mean pressure of the pulmonary artery in healthy persons methamphetamine had a negative chronotropic and inotropic effect. It is referred to practical therapeutic consequences.

Adult↗