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Biomedical subjects

W Müller

Publications and source records attributed to W Müller.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Microheterogeneity of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein in early and established rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether factors related to disease activity determine changes in the glycosylation of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) observed at the early stage of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Using affinoimmunoelectrophoresis with the lectin concanavalin A (Con-A), the microheterogeneity of serum AGP was studied in patients with early (n = 54) and established (n = 46) RA and the results were expressed as reactivity coefficients (AGP-RC). RESULTS: When compared with controls (n = 44), AGP-RC values were increased in the patients with very recent RA of no more than 3 months duration (p < 0.05), whereas normal or low AGP-Con-A reactivity was found in the patients with early RA with disease duration exceeding 3 months. In the entire group with early RA, the multiplicative model of regression described the relationship between AGP-Con-A reactivity and disease duration (p < 0.005). AGP variant with low binding affinity to Con-A predominated in the sera of patients with established RA and no relationship between the glycosylation profile of AGP and disease duration was observed in this group. When AGP-RC values were compared in the subgroups of patients with early and established RA with similar disease activity as measured by the Mallya-Mace score or erythrocyte sedimentation rate, there was a significant decrease in AGP-RC with increasing disease activity (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In view of our findings, early RA begins as an acute inflammation with increase of AGP-Con-A reactivity and becomes chronic during the first year of the disease. Factors related to disease activity appear important in determining the rate at which RA enters a chronic phase.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Intravascular and intramyofibre growth of pericranially invading meningiomas.

In meningiomas extending into pericranial structures, phenomena of invasive growth are observed that have been little known up to now in this onkotype but are of differential diagnostic importance in these locations. 6 out of 10 meningiomas invading the ethmoidal sinus and/or skeletal muscles showed intravasal extension of tumour cells in small vessels of the neighbouring tissue. In 5 out of 7 cases with muscle invasion next to interstitial growth, the spreading of meningioma cells within isolated myofibers could be observed. As shown by enzyme- and immunohistochemical methods, the latter survived for a longer time in spite of active mitotic proliferation and axial spreading of the tumour cells within the sarcoplasm tube. A relation to peculiarities of histology, growth activity and clinical course does not seem to exist.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1993

[Case report of spontaneous splenic rupture in splenoma].

We report one case of splenoma, a rare benign tumor of the spleen. Initial symptoms were repeated attacks of tail pancreatitis, that led to splenectomy for spontaneous splenic rupture. Splenomas may be asymptomatic or cause haematologic symptoms. Recently their association with neoplastic and haematologic disorders has been emphasized. Therefore such diseases must be ruled out when a splenoma is diagnosed.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

[Blastoma of the lung--a rare malignancy. Case report].

Pulmonary blastoma--so called because of its histological resemblance to fetal lung--is a rare malignant neoplasm, which tends to relapse locally and metastasize mainly in the first years, has a poor 5-year prognosis, and shows a potential radio-chemosensitivity. We report our findings and therapeutic approach in a case of a 64-year-old male.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1993

[Artificial respiration of premature infants].

Better understanding of respiratory physiology and progress in ventilator technology have contributed to improved mortality and morbidity of premature neonates. Yet, pulmonary complications remain high and there is no consensus about the optimal regimen of mechanical ventilation. We report our satisfactory 10-year experience with conventional mechanical ventilation based on a relatively low incidence of pulmonary barotrauma. The introduction of surfactant has facilitated the ventilatory management of premature neonates since the usually rapid improvement of the acute lung disease after surfactant administration allows for earlier weaning from mechanical ventilation. However, our own results and the results from most surfactant studies show no significant reduction in the incidence of intraventricular haemorrhage. Thus, though mechanical ventilation and surfactant administration are milestones in neonatal therapeutic management, the problems encountered in very low birth weight neonates both with respect to mortality and morbidity have not been generally solved and underline the role of optimal perinatal management.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1993

Metals in tumors of the sellar region.

The contents of the metals Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Cr, and Mn in 7 different entities of tumors of the sellar region were evaluated by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Increased values of Mg in coincidence with high Ca contents are explained by the competition of Mg to Ca and its potency to inhibit mineralization. Reports on the frequent coincidence of increased Zn levels with increased Ca levels were confirmed. The pattern of metal contents encountered in some tumors was rather related to the biological state of the tissue than to morphogenesis or descent from any specific embryonic layer. Regressive transformation like calcification or liquefaction had a distinct bearing on the distribution of metals.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1993

High resolution microfluorometry of Ca2+ signalling in dendrites and spines of central neurons.

Using an upright microscope and an interface type slice chamber for epifluorometric imaging of fura-2 injected neurons in brain slice is particularly convenient to obtain good spatial resolution. Using this approach we found that muscarinic activation uncouples K-channel activation from intradendritic Ca and that postsynaptic spines represent independent compartments for Ca-activated processes when activated synaptically.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Relationship between magnesium and elastic fibres.

The presence of magnesium was demonstrated by histochemical methods in elastic fibres from different locations. After pretreatment with elastase a positive reaction could no longer be detected. Microfibrils which enclose the elastin core of the elastic fibres gave no positive reaction. These results support the supposition of a close relationship between Mg and elastin. Determination of the Ca/Mg ratio by atomic absorption spectrometry in variants of fibrous connective tissue showed a decreasing Ca level with increasing elasticity. The Ca/Mg ratio in lattices containing rubber-like particles disclosed striking diminution of Ca. These data support the speculation that the antagonism of Mg to Ca plays a fundamental role in the maintenance of elasticity. The special interaction of the Mg2+ ion with water molecules is very probably a further prerequisite for elasticity in natural elastic materials.

Calcium↗
PubMed1993

[Current state of evaluation of knee ligament lesions. The new IKDC knee evaluation form ].

Various scoring systems have been proposed for quantification of the disability caused by knee ligament injuries and to evaluation of the results of their treatment. None of them was found worldwide acceptance, mainly because all scoring systems attribute numerical values to factors that are not quantifiable, after which the arbitrary scores for parameters that are not comparable with each other are added together. For these reasons a group of knee surgeons from Europe and America met in 1987 and founded the International Knee Documentation Committee. A common terminology and an evaluation form were created. This form is the standard form for use in all publications on results of treatment of knee ligament injuries. It is a concise one-page form and includes a documentation section, a qualification section and a evaluation section. For evaluation there are four problem areas (subjective assessment, symptoms, range of motion and ligament examination). These are supplemented by four additional areas that are documented but are not included in the evaluation (compartmental findings, donor site pathology, X-ray findings and functional tests). The form can be used pre- and postoperatively and at follow-up. The Committee also laid down that in a publication the minimum follow-up time for short-term results should be 2 years, for medium-term results, 5 years, and for long-term results, 10 years. Most of the sheet is devoted to the qualification section. It is called "qualification" and not "scoring" section because no scores are given. Each parameter is qualified as "normal", "nearly normal", "abnormal" or "severely abnormal". This qualification is less subjective and emotional than "very good", "good", "fair" and "poor". No knee and no knee function can be better than normal, and it is rather doubtful whether any knee that has been operated on can ever be "normal" again. For evaluation, the parameters of the four problem areas "subjective assessment", "symptoms", "range of motion" and "ligament examination" are qualified for the group qualification. The worst qualification within the group is taken as the group qualification. The worst group qualification is taken as the final evaluation. If the knee is abnormal in any of the problem areas it cannot be entered as normal knee. For knees with chronic pathology it is also possible to evaluate the sum of levels of improvement or deterioration of all groups compared with the preoperative evaluation. The committee also recommends that terms describing knee ligament problems should be used according to the definitions published by Noyes et al.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Anterior Cruciate Ligament↗
PubMed1993

[Detection of toxin-producing types of Pasteurella multocida--a comparison of methods].

28 Pasteurella multocida strains were examined for production of toxin by 6 different methods. Identical results were obtained using a mice lethality test, a tissue cell culture assay and an ELISA. Different results were received with a dot-blot-immunoassay (1 strain), using a gene probe (6 strains) and a guinea pig skin test (8 strains). Corresponding differences were detected with 2 strains only. Tissue culture, ELISA and dot-blot-immunoassay are effective methods for the diagnosis of toxin-producing Pasteurella multocida strains. Animal experiments should be an exception.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[How useful is mediastinoscopy today?].

The present retrospective study evaluates 197 mediastinoscopies, performed between 1981 and 1990. The aim of the study was an actual evaluation of mediastinoscopy as an investigation for diagnosis and staging of intrathoracic diseases. Although the introduction of CT-scanning has caused a considerable decrease in the number of performed mediastinoscopies per year, we find that mediastinoscopy because of its high sensitivity (75%) and specificity (100%) still has an important place in the evaluation of intrathoracic diseases. It represents no alternative to CT, but a complementary diagnostic tool. As a conclusion four indications for mediastinoscopy today are proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Glycosylation of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein in systemic onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and acute bacterial infection: value in differential diagnosis.

Agarose based affinity immunoelectrophoresis with free concanavalin A (Con-A) as ligand was used to examine the microheterogeneity of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein in sera of patients with systemic onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and acute bacterial infections. In JRA, a decreased proportion of Con-A reactive alpha 1-acid glycoprotein variants was found when compared to healthy control. In contrast, acute bacterial infection showed an increased reactivity. Investigation of glycosylation may be useful in the differential diagnosis of systemic onset JRA and acute bacterial infection.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

[Stomach cancer: 10 years experiences with surgical treatment and possibilities for improving the prognosis].

We retrospectively evaluated data on 111 consecutive patients operated between 1976 and 1985 for gastric carcinoma. Patients were staged according to the TNM classification (stage I - 17%, II - 15%, III - 30%, IV - 37%). 66 patients (59.5%) underwent radical resection. Most of curative resections were subtotal distal gastrectomies. Extended lymphadenectomy was not performed. The operative mortality rate was 7.4% in case of curative resections, and 9.6% overall. 20 out of 66 radically operated patients (30%) were treated with adjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy, while 9 out of 45 non radically operated patients were treated with palliative cytotoxic chemotherapy. The median follow-up time was 36 months (range: 1-166 months) for patients operated for cure and 25 months for the whole population. The estimated adjusted 5-year survival rate was 41.3% after operation in a curative intent, 82.9% for stage I, 62.8% for stage II, 17.8% for stage III, 3.3% for stage IV. The duration of symptoms before diagnosis was longer than 6 months in 18 patients (16.2%) and longer than 10 months in 9 patients (8.1%). Patients who were symptomatic since more than 10 months were on the average about 10 years younger than the rest of the population. The median duration of symptoms was 3.2 months overall, but reached 7.1 months in patients less than 40 years old. Patients with an early gastric cancer (11/111: 9.9%) or stage I disease (19/111: 17.1%) had always symptoms since less than 5 months. The proportion of early gastric cancer increased from 6.3% (3/48) to 12.7% (8/63) from 1976-1980 to 1981-1985, simultaneously to the diffusion of the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗