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W Mannheim

Publications and source records attributed to W Mannheim.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Prevalence of organisms described as Actinobacillus suis or haemolytic Actinobacillus equuli in the oral cavity of horses. Comparative investigations of strains obtained and porcine strains of A. suis sensu stricto.

Evidence was obtained to indicate that equine strains of organisms previously described as Actinobacillus suis or hemolytic variants of Actinobacillus equuli might constitute a separate group of organisms provisionally designated taxon 11. Four biovars were noticed within taxon 11. Selected DNA:DNA hybridizations support the classification of the mannitol positive biovar 2 of taxon 11 distinct from porcine A. suis. The final taxonomical position of taxon 11, however, has to await more detailed genetic studies including all biovars of taxon 11. A species name has not been suggested for the same reasons. The present observations also indicate that strains identified as taxon 11 apparently constitute a part of the normal bacterial flora in the oral cavity of horses.

Actinobacillus↗
PubMed1981

[Investigations on the phylogeny of Pasteurella multocida: DNA base sequence relatedness among strains representing Carter's serogroups A through E, and elimination of biovar 6 (so-called dog-type strains) (author's transl)].

The phylogenetic relationships among strains of Pasteurella multocida representing Carter's serogroups A, B, (C), D and E, the type strain (which also represents serogroup A, and biovar 4), the indole-negative strain Schütze HS, and two "dog-type" strains (biovar 6) were investigated by DNA:DNA hybridization using the optical method. The genome DNAs of the "dog-type" strains were almost identical; they displayed, however, only 20% binding with the DNA of the type strain of P. multocida, and even lower or no measurable binding with the DNAs of the other strains tested. The taxon hitherto classified as biovar 6 of P. multocida is therefore considered as a distinct species; yet the data so far available do not rule out that it belongs to a genus other than Pasteurella sensu stricto. - The remaining strains exhibited high genome DNA relatedness, with between 64 and 98% DNA binding. The present data do not rule out the existence of molecular subspecies in P. multocida.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Utilization of (E)-2-butenoate (crotonate) by Clostridium kluyveri and some other Clostridium species.

Clostridium La 1 obtained from a Clostridium kluyveri culture was compared with a typical C. kluyvery strain (DSM 555). The former grows on cortonate and is unable to use ethanol-acetate as carbon sources. The latter grows on crotonate only after long adaptation periods. Resting cells of both strains show also pronounced differences in the fermentation of crotonate. This holds even for C. kluyveri grown on crotonate. Besides several other differences the most striking is that there is no hybridization between the DNA of both strains. Crotonate seems not to be a very special carbon source since C. butyricum and C. pasteurianum grow on crotonate medium supplemented by peptone and yeast extract.

Acetates↗
PubMed1980

Deoxyribonucleic acid relatedness of some menaquinone-producing Flavobacterium and Cytophaga strains.

Nine menaquinone-forming strains of the Flavobacterium--Cytophaga complex with DNA base compositions between 35 and 45 moles percent guanine-plus-cytosine were investigated for genome sizes and DNA relatedness by DNA:DNA hybridization in vitro, using the optically recorded initial reassociation kinetics. Two strains representing C. hutchinsonii and C. marinoflava proved to be related on the 50 percent binding level, i.e. on a level of DNA relatedness commonly found within well-classified conventional genera of bacteria. Strains of C. johnsonae, F. heparinum, F. meningosepticum, F. odoratum, F. pectinovorum, and an unnamed Flavobacterium--Cytophaga strain were found to be interrelated, and linked to the genus Cytophaga, on the 30, or 20 percent binding levels, respectively. These findings indicate that the organisms in question are related to Cytophaga. They therefore should be transferred into the family Cytophagaceae.

Base Composition↗
PubMed1980

[On the taxonomy of Actinobacillus, Haemophilus, and Pasteurella: DNA base composition, respiratory quinones, and biochemical reactions of representative collection cultures (author's transl)].

In a comparative study, 63 collection cultures representing 38 nomenspecies of, or assigned to, the genera Actinobacillus, Haemophilus, or Pasteurella were characterized by phenotypical features and deoxyribonucleic acid base composition. The latter was calculated from the thermal denaturation point. Biochemical reactions were tested in differential media commonly used for Enterobacteriaceae, and two test procedures were compared: (i) pure cultures with haematin and nicotine adenine dinucleotide added, where necessary, and (ii) xenocultures with an asaccharolytic Acinetobacter strain (ST 661/60). Furthermore, the respiratory quinones, and the effect of fumarate on oxygen-limited growth were considered. On the basis of these and some additional physiological and morphological criteria, a definition of the Actinobacillus-Haemophilus-Pasteurella group as a whole was established which appears to rank as a family. Several misclassified species, i.e. the so-called Actinobacillus actinoides, Haemophilus piscium, Haemophilus vaginalis, Pasteurella anatipestifer, and the organisms of the Bovine Lymphangitis group were eliminated, and the position of so-called Pasteurella piscicida was questioned. Some principles of subdivision of the group, and some of the practical identification procedures were discussed.

Actinobacillus↗
PubMed1979

[Wild-type and acquired resistance patterns of clinical isolates of Escherichia coli (author's transl)].

Stored data on the inhibition zone diameters of 2274 strains of Escherichia coli that had been determined during the first five investigation periods (1975 to 1977) of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft "Resistenz" using the standard disc susceptibility test on Mueller-Hinton agar, were evaluated for: (1) frequency of secondary resistance to ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, nitrofurantoin, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole on the basis of statistically defined break points; (2) number, frequency, and qualitative characteristics of multiple resistance patterns; (3) regional distribution of the more common resistance patterns; (4) more detailed characterization of resistance patterns using the mean diameters of inhibition zones; and (5) occurrence of additional resistance determinants. The significance of such data in the epidemiological control of resistance to chemotherapeutics in gram-negative bacteria is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Lipoquinones of some spore-forming rods, lactic-acid bacteria and actinomycetes.

The respiratory quinones of 73 strains of Gram-positive bacteria including spore-forming rods, lactic-acid bacteria and actinomyctes were examined. Menaquinones with seven isoprenoid units (MK-7) were the main quinone type found in representatives of the genus Bacillus and in Sporolactobacillus inulinus. However, a strain of B. thuringiensis produced MK-8 in addition to MK-7, and strains of B. lentus and B. pantothenticus appeared to produce MK-9 and MK-8, respectively, with no MK-7. In the clostridia and lactic-acid bacteria, no quinones were found, except in Pediococcus cerevisiae NCTC 8066 and Lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus ATCC 7469, which contained menaquinones, and Streptococcus faecalis NCTC 775 and HIM 478-1, which contained demethylmenaquinones, in relatively low concentrations. Menaquinones were also found in the actinomycetes (except Actinomyces odontolyticus and Bifidobacterium bifidum which did not produce any quinones) and in Protaminobacter alboflavus ATCC 8458, the so-called Actinobacillus actinoides ATCC 15900 and Noguchia granulosis NCTC 10559.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1979

[On the phenotypical characteristics of human pasteurella, and pasteurella-like isolates (author's transl)].

Fourty-two human isolates that had been designated Pasteurella, or pasteurella-like organisms in the bacteriological routine laboratory were phenotypically characterized considering conventional, morphological and physiological features, and respiratory quinones. Thirty-seven of these strains fitted into the large traditional species, P. multocida, the majority of them being associated with alterations of the respiratory tract, and the rest with intestinal diseases, or putrid wound secretions mostly following animal bite or scratch lesions. Two strains isolated from sputum, or sinus maxillaris punctate, respectively, were P. ureae, and one strain recovered from a septicemic blood samle proved to be Cardiobacterium hominis. A pasteurella-like strain isolated from putrid sputum and an unusual organism that had been isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of an infant with putrid meningitis remained unidentified. The bacteriological data are discussed with respect to the diagnostics of Pasteurella and similar organisms and especially, the range of phenotypical variation within the species, P. multocida.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Lipoquinones of some bacteria and mycoplasmas, with considerations on their functional significance.

In a comparative study the lipoquinones of some chemoorganotrophic, facultatively aerobic bacteria, and representative Acholeplasma, Mycoplasma, Spiroplasma, and Thermoplasma strains were investigated. The quinones were partly purified by preparative thin layer chromatography of lipid extracts, and characterized by their difference spectra (reduced minus oxidized) and Rf values. Respiring bacteria expectedly contained benzoquinones and/or naphthoquinones in micromolar concentrations whereas some aerotolerant, cytochrome-less, gram-positive bacteria were found to contain menaquinones in nanomolar concentrations, or even no quinones; only Streptococcus faecalis, an organism supposed to use a rudimentary, flavin-terminated respiratory chain system produced desmethyl menaquinone in amounts ranging between "high" and "low" quinone contents. Among the mycoplasmas investigated, only Thermoplasma acidophilum was found to be capable of synthesizing quinones (MK-7) in the micromolar order of magnitude indicating a respiratory electron transport system. The presence of energetically useful respiratory chain systems in Acholeplasma, Mycoplasma, and Spiroplasma is questioned since these organisms contain quinones (MK-4) in nanomolar concentrations, or no quinones, depending on the presence of exogeneous MK-6 in the growth medium. The possible metabolite role of menaquinones present in "low" amounts, as well as the role of NADH oxidase systems more or less tightly bound to the cytoplasmic membrane with the mycoplasmas deserves further investigation.

Bacillus cereus↗