A placebo-controlled crossover study of rizatriptan in the treatment of multiple migraine attacks. Rizatriptan Multiple Attack Study Group.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the safety and efficacy of rizatriptan 10 mg PO in the treatment of multiple migraine attacks. BACKGROUND: Rizatriptan is a potent and rapidly absorbed 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist. Efficacy and general safety have been examined in controlled trials treating single migraine attacks. In the current placebo-controlled study, we report constancy of safety and efficacy of rizatriptan for patients treating four discrete migraine attacks. METHODS: Patients with moderate or severe migraine (n = 473) were randomized to one of five sequence groups, in which each patient was to treat four migraine attacks. Patients in four groups received rizatriptan 10 mg for three of four attacks and placebo for the remaining attack. Patients in the fifth group received rizatriptan 10 mg for four attacks. Headache severity, functional disability, and migraine symptoms were measured immediately before dosing and at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, and 4 hours postdose. RESULTS: After the first attack, response rates were 77% for rizatriptan and 37% for placebo (p < 0.001). Similar efficacy of rizatriptan, ranging from a 75 to 80% response, was observed in each of the subsequent attacks with no evidence of tolerance to therapeutic effects. Most patients (93%) responded to rizatriptan 10 mg during the first or second attack. Adverse experiences were generally mild and transient, the most common being dizziness and somnolence. Incidence of adverse experiences per attack decreased after the first attack. CONCLUSIONS: Rizatriptan 10 mg PO is efficacious and generally well tolerated in acute migraine. Its efficacy is maintained throughout the treatment of multiple, discrete migraine attacks.