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Biomedical subjects

W Moon

Publications and source records attributed to W Moon.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Non-surgical management of microperforation induced by EMR of the stomach.

BACKGROUND: Perforation and bleeding are major complications associated with gastric endoscopic mucosal resection. Evident perforation during endoscopic mucosal resection can be managed by endoscopic clipping. However, management of microperforation is not well established. PATIENT AND METHOD: From January 2002 to June 2004, 109 early gastric cancers and 300 adenomas were treated with endoscopic mucosal resection. Iatrogenic perforations occurred in 4.16% (n=17) patients. Following exclusion of four evident perforations, microperforation was observed in 3.18% (n=13) patients. The clinical features of microperforation in patients were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: In a total of 13 microperforation cases, 2 patients were managed surgically. The remaining patients successfully recovered without surgical management. In the case of 11 patients without surgery, 7 experienced abdominal pain, which required analgesics, 2 patients experienced mild discomfort and 2 patients experienced no symptoms. A body temperature above 37.5 degrees C was observed in 9.1% (n=1) patients and leucocytosis above 9000 microL-1 was in 72.7% (n=8) patients. The mean duration of nasogastric tube drainage was 2.36+/-1.03 days, of fasting 4.18+/-1.17 days, of intravenous antibiotics 5.55+/-1.44 days and of hospitalisation 7.45+/-1.04 days. CONCLUSION: Microperforation induced by gastric endoscopic mucosal resection can be managed successfully using a non-surgical approach including fasting, nasogastric tube drainage and intravenous antibiotics.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed2002

Expression of serum response factor in normal rat gastric mucosa.

Serum response factor (SRF) is a transcription factor that is involved in cell proliferation, muscle and neuron development and maintenance. Its expression in gastric mucosa remains unknown. In this study we demonstrated that SRF is expressed in normal rat gastric tissue as two isoforms and localized mainly to smooth muscle cells of muscularis mucosae and its extensions into the lamina propria, to muscularis propria, and musculature of the vascular system. To a lesser extent, SRF is also expressed in the gastric epithelium of the mucosal neck area (proliferative zone) and in the endothelial cells of microvessels. These data suggest that the main role of SRF in normal gastric tissue is to maintain muscular support and contraction and possibly epithelial regeneration.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Biliary tract reconstruction using an autologous vein graft in rats.

Numerous biologic and synthetic materials have been used with limited success as an interposed graft to repair segmental common bile duct (CBD) defects. The authors report here that an autologous vein graft can be successfully used to correct a CBD deficit contingent on accurate microsurgical technique immediate stenting and rapid graft vascularization. Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats underwent laparotomy and the experimental group (n=25) had a 3-mm segment of the CBD excised. The CBD defect was repaired using an interposed femoral vein graft aided by a plastic stent. The control group (n=5) had the CBD cut and repaired by means of primary anastomosis. The experimental group was subdivided into three sub-groups each examined at three different postoperative intervals: 1, 4 and 12 weeks. The results showed that inflammation was apparent in the venous wall following the first postoperative week. A progressive loss of the vascular endothelium and replacement with the columnar epithelium typical of the CBD was seen in the vein graft. Nineteen of the 25 experimental rats (76 percent) of the animals survived without complication from the surgery and there were no abnormalities in the liver biochemical tests of these animals. Any biliary tract obstruction that developed was attributed to dislocation of the stent leading to collapse of the vein graft (experimental group), or constriction of the anastomosis (control group). This study demonstrates that biliary tract reconstruction using an autologous vein graft can be successfully performed in a rat model of CBD repair. The application of this method to the clinical setting is also discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Development of a mouse limb transplantation model.

A tremendous amount of research has been dedicated to laying the groundwork that will eventually lead to successful limb transplantation in humans. Limb transplantation in animal models has also been widely used for evaluating composite tissue allografts and various immunosuppressive regimens. Currently, there is no mouse model of limb transplantation. Such a model is attractive because it would allow investigators to apply the well-defined genetic characteristics of the mouse to the challenging field of limb transplantation. In this study, 12 mice underwent orthotopic hind limb transplantations using end-to-end anastomoses of the femoral vessels. The success rate of this surgical procedure was 83%, with 10 of the 12 limbs surviving. Experimental devices, operative procedures, and the major elements of success are discussed.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1999

Serratus anterior-rib composite flap: anatomic studies and clinical application to hand reconstruction.

Because of its relative ease of dissection, increased length of the vascular pedicle, and excellent diameter for anastomosis, the serratus anterior-rib composite flap has been used to reconstruct bony and soft-tissue defects in the face and lower extremities. However, no data are available on optimal rib level or harvest location. The authors report the results of the vascular anatomy of this flap in 6 fresh cadavers and 2 clinical patients using this flap to reconstruct a defect in the hand. Arteriograms were performed through the thoracodorsal artery, and microscopic dissections were done at the rib periosteum. The sixth through the ninth ribs showed consistent filling of their respective intercostal vessels. The rib segments near the anterior axillary line had the most abundant communicating vessels between the serratus and the periosteum. In two patients, the serratus-rib composite free flap provided excellent bone and muscle length for reconstructing the first metacarpal defect.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Patterns of flap loss related to arterial and venous insufficiency in the rat pedicled TRAM flap.

Vascular supply to the contralateral portion of the conventional transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap (zone IV) may become compromised, resulting in partial flap loss and requiring segmental excision. The etiology of this necrosis is not clear. This study determines skin necrosis patterns on a superiorly pedicled caudal TRAM flap during conditions of venous and arterial insufficiency, and determines whether cutaneous venous outflow can sustain a flap with venous insufficiency. Twenty-eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent superior pedicled TRAM flap elevation, and the zones were marked on the skin paddle. The animals were divided into four groups: control (group A, N = 6), arterial ligation (group B, N = 6), venous ligation (group C, N = 8), and venous ligation with cutaneous venous outflow (group D, N = 8). After 10 days, the skin paddle was photographed and the areas of necrotic skin were measured. Results showed that group B (selective arterial ligation) had 51.7 +/- 2.8% and 40.0 +/- 2.0% skin necrosis in zones I and II respectively. Zone I necrosis was significantly greater in group B compared with the control (p < 0.05). Group C (selective venous ligation) resulted in 73.8 +/- 16.4% and 93.8 +/- 33.4% skin necrosis in zones III and IV respectively. This necrosis was significantly greater compared with the control (p < 0.001). Group D rats' lateral skin necrosis compared significantly less with group C (p < 0.001). These results demonstrate that the patterns of flap necrosis in rat TRAM flaps with poor arterial inflow differ from those with venous stasis. Necrosis of the contralateral portion (zone IV) of human TRAM flaps may be related to problems with venous stasis; thus, a cutaneous venous outflow may prevent this problem.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Renal clearance of methotrexate in man during high-dose oral and intravenous infusion therapy.

The renal excretion and clearance of methotrexate (MTX) following high-dose (800 mg) therapy followed by folinic acid rescue was studied in 12 patients (2 female, 10 male): the mean age was 49.3 +/- 5.5 (SE), weight 68.6 +/- 3.9 (SE) and body surface area 1.8 +/- 0.1 m2. Plasma and urine were collected over 154 h at intervals of 2-24 h, and the collection times, volume, and pH of urine samples recorded. Total MTX concentrations in urine and plasma were measured by the highly specific competitive protein-binding assay method. Plasma and urinary creatinine levels were measured on an SMA-12 autoanalyser. The renal clearance of MTX was calculated for each urine collection period. Following oral administration, clearance values during the first 6 h were high at 257 +/- 8.3 (ml/Min), followed by a trough in clearance of 27.9 +/- 4.2 (ml/min) in the 20- to 30-h period. This was followed by a secondary rise of MTX renal clearance to 180.4 +/- 14.6 ml/min during the 68- to 84-h period and again to 84.9 +/- 17.1 ml/min between 84 and 112 h. In the last two periods it rose to 209 +/- 57.9 ml/min. Similar fluctuations were seen following IV administration. The changes in clearance were statistically significant at the p less than 0.005 level. It is suggested that high concentrations of MTX in the renal tubules result in inhibition of carrier protein synthesis, leading to a fall in active tubular secretion. When MTX concentrations fall the tubular cell recovers and a secondary rise in renal clearance occurs, leading to cyclical changes in MTX elimination.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coexistent cystic teratoma of the omentum and ovary: report of two cases.

Benign cystic teratoma (dermoid cyst) of the omentum is a rare tumor, while ovarian cystic teratoma is one of the most common ovarian neoplasms. Seven cases of cystic teratoma of the omentum have been reported in association with an ovarian teratoma. We report two cases associated with an ovarian teratoma, which shows unusual dense rim calcification of the cystic wall.

Female↗