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Biomedical subjects

W P Cahill

Publications and source records attributed to W P Cahill.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1982

Exposure of pesticide applicators and support personnel to O-ethyl O-(4-nitrophenyl) phenylphosphonothioate (EPN).

Applicator personnel were monitored during aerial and ground applications of EPN to cotton in Mississippi and Arizona. Respiratory exposure based on an 8-hr workday averaged 11 micrograms for pilots,, 15 micrograms for loaders, and 39 micrograms for ground applicators. Respiratory exposure of flagmen, monitored during a complete application cycle, averaged 317 micrograms/8 hr. Mean 8-hr dermal exposures were 2.1 mg for pilots, 6.3 mg for loaders, 117.7 mg for flagmen, and 7.5 mg for ground applicators. The levels of exposure were affected by route of exposure, body region, method of application, job function, attitude and experience, duration of exposure, weather conditions, and accidents. Recommendations are made to reduce the exposure of pilots, loaders, and ground applicators by modification of procedures and use of personal protective equipment. Because flagmen had the greatest exposure, a recommendation is made to substitute their function with fixed landmarks; if this is not possible, flagmen must wear the proper protective equipment.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1978

DDT moratorium in Arizona--agricultural residues after seven years.

The moratorium on agricultural use of DDT in Arizona that began in January 1969 proved very effective during the first 7 years of enforcement. Residues on green alfalfa declined significantly to a probable inherent level of 0.02 ppm wet weight. Soil residues of sigmaDDT-related degradation products declined significantly, averaging 23 percent; residues in desert soils declined 60 percent. The sigmaDDT half-life in irrigated soils was about 7 years; it decreased to 2.5 years in nonirrigated soils.

Arizona↗
PubMed1975

Establishment of reentry intervals for organophosphate-treated cotton fields based on human data: III. 12 To 72 hours post-treatment exposure to monocrotophos, ethyl- and methyl parathion.

Five human volunteers entered methyl parathion, ethyl parathion, or monocrotophos treated cotton fields for five-hr exposure periods when the residues of the respective pesticides had aged 12 hr, 24 and 48 hr and 72 hr. Foliage residues of methyl parathion disappeared fastest, those of monocrotophos slowest. Personal exposure to pesticide was evaluated from contamination of skin, clothing, and ambient air, while actual absorption of chemical was assessed from pesticide concentration in blood, urinary metabolite excretion, and effects on blood cholinesterase activities. There was good correspondence between magnitudes of foliar residue, estimates of personal contamination, and measures of chemical absorption. Field exposures caused no symptoms or clinical signs of organophosphate poisoning and depressed averaged blood cholinesterase activities by no more than 14% of pre-exposure levels.

Agricultural Workers' Diseases↗