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Biomedical subjects

W P Christian

Publications and source records attributed to W P Christian.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Development of a continuum of services for children and adults with autism and other severe behavior disorders.

The development of a 12-step continuum of services for individuals with autism is described. The operation and funding of outreach parent training; homebased early intervention; preschool, vocational, and adult intermediate care; and school consultation programs are outlined. The use and importance of evaluative data on both treatment outcome and staff skills are emphasized.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1990

Promoting quality assurance through performance contracting.

Performance contracting is an essential component of quality assurance in human service settings. Performance contracting involves developing performance standards for administrative, support service, and direct service personnel; communicating and contracting with personnel to ensure that they agree to comply with the performance standards for their positions; and using standards to monitor and evaluate the quantity and quality of staff performance. Performance contracting also serves to reinforce organizational structure and facilitate program evaluation and is useful in helping to ensure that psychiatrists and other professionals are sufficiently committed to meeting organizational goals as well as those of their professional disciplines.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1984

Improving the record-keeping performance of direct service personnel.

Record review procedures and contingent performance feedback were used to monitor and improve the record-keeping performance of human service staff in a behavioral residential treatment setting. A multiple baseline design was employed across three groups of B.A.-level human service personnel. The study consisted of five conditions: (1) Baseline 1; (2) Written Instructions (memoranda); (3) Written Performance Feedback; (4) Verbal Performance Feedback; and (5) Baseline 2 (return to the Baseline 1 condition). Dependent measures included highly reliable ratings by independent observers of the (1) essential documents present in case records, (2) documents approximately located/organized in case records, and (3) an overall rating of documents present, correctly organized, signed and dated, and not duplicated in the records. Results indicated that the procedures most frequently used to provide feedback to human services personnel--meetings, policy and procedure manuals, and/or written memoranda--were not as effective as verbal feedback sessions in prompting staff participation in case record maintenance. Findings were interpreted to suggest that, with adequate training, supervision, and performance appraisal, direct service personnel in residential treatment settings can effectively manage clients' case records and become more involved in, and committed to, accountability and quality control.

Employee Performance Appraisal↗
PubMed1982

The role of response delay in improving in the discrimination performance or autistic children.

This study investigated the influence of a response delay requirement on the discrimination performance of autistic children. In the context of a multiple baseline design with subsequent repeated reversals, two conditions were compared: a no-response-delay condition, where the child was allowed to make the target response immediately after presentation of the discriminative stimulus versus a response-delay condition, where the target response was permitted three seconds following the discriminative stimulus when the therapist would signal the child to respond. The results showed that the response-delay condition produced higher levels of correct responding than the no-response-delay condition. In addition, teachers in the research setting rated the response-delay procedure to be a practical and effective teaching technique that could be implemented in a classroom setting. The results were discussed in relation to the literature on impulsivity, and were interpreted as indicating that the response-delay procedure provides a valuable technique for teaching autistic children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Adaptive Behavior Scale as a screening measure for special-education placement.

The utiltiy of the Adaptive Behavior Scale in the special-education placement of 126 institutionalized mentally retarded children and adolescents was examined. An investigation of relationships among Adaptive Behavior Scale (Part 1) scores, Wide Range Achievement Test scores, and IQ scores revealed a significant relationship between Adaptive Behavior Scale scores as well as between IQ scores and achievement test scores. Adaptive Behavior Scale and IQ were the most effective scores in providing significant discrimination between the special-education training levels. Adaptive Behavior Scale subdomain percentage scores were discussed as criteria for a computer-assisted placement of mentally retarded students in a special-education program.

Adolescent↗