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Biomedical subjects

W Petersen

Publications and source records attributed to W Petersen.

71 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Recurrent staphylococcal furunculosis in families.

Recurrent familial staphylococcal furunculosis causes severe physical and especially socio-psychological problems to the families involved. In the present study 6 families with 28 persons were not treated with antibiotics but with a combination of chlorhexidine bathing, nasal 1% chlorhexidine gel and improved cleaning and hygiene in the surroundings. The infecting Staphylococcus aureus strain was eradicated from the surroundings and the skin in all 6 families, but several of the family members still retained the strain in the nose. All family members were, however, cured and remained without infections during an observation period of 2 years.

Baths↗
PubMed1988

Proinsulin, insulin, and C-peptide in cystic fibrosis after an oral glucose tolerance test.

The beta-cell response to an oral glucose load was studied in 22 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) by means of insulin, C-peptide and proinsulin, and the results compared with those from 20 healthy sex and age matched controls. According to WHO criteria two had diabetes mellitus, eight had impaired glucose tolerance and twelve had normal glucose tolerance. All patients showed lower insulin and C-peptide levels than the controls at 30 minutes. However the insulin and C-peptide responses were sustained so that the areas under the curves were comparable between controls, CF patients with normal glucose tolerance, and CF patients with impaired glucose tolerance. By contrast, the area under the proinsulin curve was significantly higher in the CF patients with impaired glucose tolerance compared with both controls (p less than 0.05) and with the CF normal glucose tolerance group (p less than 0.02). In the CF patients with impaired glucose tolerance the proinsulin level was significantly elevated at 120 minutes (median 50 pmol/l) and at 180 minutes (29 pmol/l) as compared with the controls (24 and 19 pmol/l p less than 0.01) and with the CF patients with normal glucose tolerance (21 and 16 pmol/l p less than 0.01). These data confirm that impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes is frequent in cystic fibrosis. The elevated proinsulin immunoreactive material in CF patients with impaired glucose tolerance may partly compensate for the relative insufficient insulin response found in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Pancreatic enzyme supplementation as acid-resistant microspheres versus enteric-coated granules in cystic fibrosis. A double placebo-controlled cross-over study.

In order to compare the efficacy of pancreatic enzyme supplementation as pH-sensitive enteric-coated microspheres Pancrease to that of conventional supplementation with enteric-coated Pancreatin in cystic fibrosis, a double blind cross-over study was conducted. Eleven patients under 12 years of age received each of the enzyme preparations for four weeks. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by means of a symptom score card recording stool frequency, consistency, colour, odour, abdominal cramps and appetite as well as a 3 days fat absorption test. Weight increments were recorded 3 months before the study when patients were on Pancreatin, and 3 months after the study when patients were on Pancrease. In eight of the patients fat absorption was improved on Pancrease, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. However, the patients experienced significantly less dyspeptic symptoms, decreased stool frequency, better appetite and increments in weight were significantly higher on Pancrease compared to Pancreatin.

Child↗
PubMed1986

Nebulised sodium cromoglycate in the treatment of wheezy bronchitis. A multicentre double-blind placebo controlled study.

The efficacy of nebulised sodium cromoglycate (SCG) used as a prophylactic treatment of wheezy bronchitis in children aged 1 to 4 years was evaluated in a multicentre double-blind placebo controlled, group comparative study. Fifty-four patients completed the 10-week trial (29 treated with SCG and 25 treated with placebo), preceded by 4-8 weeks baseline. Nebulised SCG did not prove significantly superior to placebo in reducing day wheezing, day coughing, or sleep disturbance due to wheezing or coughing at night. Neither was there significant difference in the use of supportive medicine (beta 2-agonist and theophylline) between the groups. Extra doctor visits, hospital admissions, and parental preference did not show significant difference either.

Aerosols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Arterial supply of the femoral condyles].

INTRODUCTION: The most frequent site for aseptic bone necrosis and osteochondrosis dissecans in the human knee joint is the medial femoral condyle. The aim of this study is to analyze the three-dimensional vascularization of the human knee joint and to find out if there are any differences in the blood supply of the medial and lateral femoral condyles which may explain the preponderance of aseptic bone necrosis in the medial side. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The femoral arteries of 14 unfixed lower extremities have been injected with epoxy resin. After documentation of the extraosseous course of the blood vessels the bone was macerated with 10% formic acid. The insertions of tendons and ligaments were investigated by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The arterial supply of the lateral femoral condyle originates from the upper lateral geniculate artery, the terminal ends of which penetrate the bone from lateral. Branches of the middle geniculate artery reach the bone from the medial wall of the intertubercular notch. The subchondral bone of the medial femoral condyle draws its blood supply mainly from the descending geniculate artery. Branches of the middle geniculate artery penetrate the medial femoral condyle only in the posterior part of the intercondylar fossa. These posterior vessels do not contribute to the supply of the subchondral bone. In the anterior part of the medial wall of the intercondylar fossa there is the wide femoral insertion of the posterior cruciate ligament. Injection techniques and immunohistochemical investigations show that the fibrocartilage of the chondral apophyseal insertion of the posterior cruciate ligament is avascular and acts as banier which impedes blood vessels to penetrate the bony surface in this region. The subchondral bone adjacent to the femoral insertion of the posterior cruciate ligament receives its blood supply from vessels that penetrate the bone at the medial wall of the medial femoral condyle. The blood vessels which supply the lateral parts of the medial condyle have the longest intraosseous course. The density of vessels within this region is largely reduced. CONCLUSIONS: The region adjacent to the femoral insertion of the posterior cruciate ligament is the most frequent site for osteochondrosis dissecans in the knee joint. Our results show that the arterial supply of the subchondral bone may be considered as a cofactor for the etiology of osteochondrosis dissecans.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Early outcome of correction of hallux valgus with the Scarf osteotomy].

INTRODUCTION: Aim of this study is to analyze complications as well as clinical and radiological results of the scarf osteotomy for the correction of hallux valgus. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1994 and 1998 we performed a scarf osteotomy for the correction of hallux valgus in 45 cases. Indication was a symptomatic hallux valgus with an increased first intermetatarsal angle (IMA). Fixation of the osteotomy was performed with two 2.3 mm mini screws made of titaneum. Mobilisation was allowed with full weight bearing with a fore foot relief orthesis. Clinical results were valued with the fore foot scoring system (ffss). The determination of the IMA and hallux valgus angles (HVA) was performed with weight bearing d.p. radiographs. RESULTS: All osteotomies healed within the first 6 postoperative weeks. Removal of the screws was not necessary in any case. The preoperative ffss was 16.2 points. At the last follow up (16 month after surgery) the average value of the ffss was 59.1 points. Three patients reached a value below 35 points, two of them suffered from a rheumatic disease. Twenty patients assessed the cosmetic result as excellent, 16 as good, 4 as satisfactory and one as poor. The average IMA could be reduced significantly from 20.2 to 10.3 degrees. The HVA could be lowered from 37.5 to 20.9 degrees. In patients with an IMA of more than 20 degrees the HVA could be reduced to 23.1 degrees in contrast to 18.3 in patients with an IMA of less than 20 degrees. DISCUSSION: The scarf osteotomiy is a surgical procedure for the correction of hallux valgus due to increased IMA which is appropriate in patients younger than 50 years and older than 50 years. In cases of IMA more than 20 degrees correction of IMA and HVA was unsatisfactory.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Structure and vascularization of the knee joint menisci].

INTRODUCTION: The structural properties are important for the pathophysiology and healing of meniscus lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed the collagenous fiber texture of 44 menisci by scanning electron microscopy after exposure of the collagen fibrils with NaOH. The distribution of fibrocartilage and dense connective tissue is investigated by light microscopy. The vasculature of the menisci is demonstrated by injection techniques as well as by the immunohistochemical proof of laminin as a component of the basement membrane in the wall of blood vessels. RESULTS: The meniscus surface is covered by a network of thin fibrils. Beneath the superficial network there is a layer of lamellar fiber bundles that intersect under various angles. The major part of the collagen fibrils is located in the central portion between the superficial layers and runs in a circular direction. In the external circumference the meniscus is composed of dense connective tissue that histologically resembles to tendon tissue. In the internal circumference and in the superficial layers the meniscus consists of fibrocartilage. Blood vessels enter the meniscus from the adjacent joint capsule. In the adult blood vessels are present only in a peripheral rim close to the joint capsule. The ligamentous anterior and posterior horns are completely vascularized regardless of age. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Our results allow the following conclusions. Reports from the literature, that describe an arcade-like collagenous fiber texture are incorrect. Our result show that there is a causal coherence between the circular orientation of the collagen fibers and the frequency of longitudinal meniscal tears. The occurrence of well vascularized dense connective tissue in the external circumference must be considered as cause for the well healing of peripheral meniscus lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Synovial hemangioma within Hoffa's fat pad as the cause of anterior knee pain. 2 cases within a family and review of the literature].

An 18 years old man and his younger sister suffered from anterior knee pain. Cause is a soft tissue tumor located within Hoffa's fat pad however in both cases. The tumor has been excised and the histological examination demonstrated the diagnosis synovial hemangioma. A literature search shows that synovial hemangiomas are rare soft tissue tumors. They mainly involve the knee joint. Mean age is the second decade of life and most authors observed severe degenerative changes in the involved knee joint. There are no reports about familiar accumulation within the literature. Familiar accumulation of synovial hemangiomas however have been described for cerebral, skin and hepatic manifestations but not for synovial hemangiomas.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Elbow contracture caused by increased tonus of the flexor muscles].

Increased muscle tone leads occasionally to fixed flexion and supination deformities of the elbow in tetraplegics and subsequently to additional restriction of function. The incidence, course, remaining functions and therapeutic measures were studied retrospectively in 22 patients (37 arms). Muscle hypertonus was found to start during the first 12 weeks after spinal cord lesion and to provoke a flexion contracture of 35 to 95 degrees in 40% of the cases despite therapy. Due to the failure of physical therapy and operative measures, prophylaxis through the prevention of shoulder-pain, early use of adequate splinting of the upper extremity and electrical stimulation of the triceps brachii should be carried out.

Adult↗