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Biomedical subjects

W Pichler

Publications and source records attributed to W Pichler.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Lymphoid follicular hyperplasia in excluded colonic segments: a radiologic sign of diversion colitis.

Double-contrast barium enema (DCBE) studies showed lymphoid follicular hyperplasia (LFH) in excluded colonic segments after colostomy in 12 of 40 patients. In most patients with LFH, more than 80% of the excluded colon was affected. In eight patients, regression of LFH was demonstrated with DCBE studies after reanastomosis. This work suggests that LFH is the most common DCBE study finding in diversion colitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Immunization with partner's lymphocytes of women subject to recurrent early spontaneous abortions].

In the early 1980s a new, although still empirical therapy was proposed for women undergoing recurrent spontaneous abortions of unknown origin, where an immunologic cause is suspected. The treatment consists in immunization of the women with human lymphocytes. We report here on our own first experience with this modality and discuss the results in light of the different immunologic tests which were performed before and after immunization with paternal lymphocytes. 11/13 treated women belong to the group with abortions of alloimmune origin, 6/11 patients were delivered of a normal baby in the 40th week of gestation (median), one patient is pregnant in the 36th week of gestation, 2 had abortions again and two women are not yet pregnant. Further investigations suggest that 2/13 women had abortions of autoimmune origin; one of these women had a normal baby in the 33rd week of gestation and the other is pregnant in the 18th week.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnosis of liver trauma: ultrasound versus computed tomography].

This study used 14 of our own patients and a review of the literature in order to determine the value of CT and sonography for investigating injuries to the liver. It appears that CT, with a sensitivity of 0.93, has a somewhat higher accuracy than sonography, which has a sensitivity of 0.83. We were also able to observe typical changes in the appearances, depending on the interval since the injury. Fresh injuries appeared as isodense or mildly hypodense areas, together with variable hyperdense portions on CT. Subsequently these areas become increasingly hypodense and may evolve into cystic lesions. Sonographically, recent injuries of the liver show echo-rich, non-homogeneous lesions which may contain smaller echo-free portions. Older lesions become increasingly devoid of echoes and become increasingly demarcated from normal liver parenchyma.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1989

[Sonographic staging of pancreatic cancer. Report of 100 cases].

The ultrasound studies of 100 patients with proven pancreatic carcinoma were reviewed and correlated with the intraoperative and pathoanatomic findings. Ultrasound had a sensitivity of 87% in detecting the malignant lesion. The extension of the tumour and the infiltration of peripancreatic structures and visceral vessels was interpreted correctly in 85% of the cases. The sensitivity for liver metastases was 90.9%, whereas for lymph node involvement it was 78.3%. 19 patients had carcinosis peritonei. Ultrasonography could only detect the carcinosis in two cases. Malignant ascites was found in 15% (sensitivity of US 88.2%). 31% of the pancreatic carcinomas were resectable.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Sonography of gallbladder carcinoma. Correlation with surgical findings in 60 cases].

60 patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder were staged preoperatively by sonography (staging scheme by Nevin and TNM scheme of the UICC). This was correlated with the operative and histopathological findings. The tumour was diagnosed by sonography in 70% of the patients, 15% were diagnosed at operation and 15% histopathologically. The criterion for malignancy was tumour invasion into the liver (94.7% Sensitivity) and/or into adjacent tissues (36.8% Sensitivity). Most tumours were in an advanced stage (98.5%) and only one early carcinoma (1.5%) was found histopathologically. No improvement in the diagnosis of early carcinomas was achieved by ultrasound in our series.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Ultrasonic diagnosis following liver transplantation].

Realtime and duplex sonography were used routinely for the postoperative and long-term follow-up of liver transplantation patients. In the early postoperative period 90 patients exhibited diffuse (67.7%) and focal (33.3%) alterations of the liver parenchyma; in 53% of patients various liquid lesions were diagnosed in the abdominal cavity. In case of diffuse alterations of the liver parenchyma, no correlation could be established between sonomorphology and histopathologic findings; especially rejection could not be diagnosed by using sonography. In case of focal intrahepatic lesions highly echogenic areas of infarction could be differentiated from poorly echogenic changes such as necrosis, haematoma and abscess--these entities had to be further distinguished by means of CT or needle biopsy. 20 patients showed biliary pathology (biliomas: 5, cholangiectasis: 15). In 73.3% of cholangiectasis the cause of obstruction could be demonstrated sonographically (biliary thrombus, stenosis of the anastomosis of the common bile duct, recurrence of tumour). In 13 patients major vascular complications were diagnosed predominantly by means of duplex sonography (hepatic artery occlusion: 4, hepatic artery stenosis: 1, portal vein occlusion: 1, partial thrombosis of portal vein: 2, portal vein stenosis: 2, stenosis with incomplete thrombosis of the inferior vena cava: 3, VCI stenosis: 1). 13 patients developed recurrent malignancy in the late postoperative period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Platelet-associated immunoglobulin G (PAIgG) and circulating immune complexes in asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV-seropositive patients].

Circulating immune complexes and platelet associated immunoglobulins G (PAIgG) were measured in 14 clinically asymptomatic and 9 diseased HIV infected subjects and compared to their platelet counts in the peripheral blood. In both groups, circulating immune complexes were found to be increased even in the presence of normal platelet counts. Increased PAIgG levels were found in symptomatic HIV infected subjects, along with thrombocytopenia. This study indicates that the mere occurrence of circulating immune complexes is an insufficient finding for induction of thrombocytopenia. Either the molecular composition of the complexes is different in both patient groups, or the thrombocytopenia is induced by additional platelet damaging compounds, e.g. specific antiplatelet antibodies induced by the viral infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

[Color-coded Doppler sonography of the carotid arteries].

Doppler colour flow imaging provides colour-coded visualisation of blood flow additional to the B-mode image. In this study, the carotid arteries of 92 patients were examined comparing duplex sonography with Doppler colour flow imaging. Efficiency of these methods was evaluated by angiography in 16 patients. Examination time was shorter by using Doppler colour flow imaging; evaluation of haemodynamics and anatomical changes was simplified.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1987

[Sonography of acute cholecystitis. A report on 58 cases with a correlation of pathomorphological and histological findings].

Sonography has become the method of choice for evaluating acute diseases of the right upper quadrant. Prior to the ultrasound the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis was based on clinical and laboratory data. The pathohistomorphology of 58 opertively and histologically proven cases of acute cholecystitis has been correlated with preoperative sonography. An acute cholecystitis can be diagnosed based on the following sonographic criteria: Thickening of the wall of the gallbladder to more than 4 mm, sonolucent areas in or around the wall of the gallbladder, an increased ap. diameter of more than 4 cm as well as gallstones. A hyperechoic content of the gallbladder correlating to an empyema of the gallbladder was found in 31% and a perforation in 27.6% of the cases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

[Functional choledochus diagnosis following cholecystectomy].

50 patients after cholecystectomy and right upper quadrant pain have been examined by ultrasound for obstructive biliary disease. The value of dynamic changes of the common hepatic duct after a fatty meal in the evaluation of bile duct obstruction was investigated. The accuracy of a negative test in the group of patients with normal bile ducts (n = 27) was 100%. However in patients with dilated bile ducts (n = 23) the value of this test is limited. In this group 3 false negatives in patients with multiple small moveable stones occurred resulting in an accuracy of 86.9%.

Cholangiography↗
PubMed1987

[Comparison of the value of general and oblique images and whole lung tomography in a high kilovoltage technic in the detection of pulmonary coin lesions].

The ranking of high kvp pa. and lateral chest x-ray, left and right oblique films and whole lung tomography in the detection of pulmonary coin-shaped lesions is compared. Out of a total number of 327 coin lesions in 115 patients detected by high kvp whole lung tomography, only 52% were found on pa and lateral chest films. Additional oblique films improved the score to 64%. Oblique films proved to be especially helpful in detecting pleural lesions. Although CT has a higher sensitivity in detecting nodules (with decreasing specificity) whole lung tomography will continue to play an important role in the management of tumour patients.

Diagnosis, Differential↗