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Biomedical subjects

W R Laney

Publications and source records attributed to W R Laney.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Tissue-integrated dental prostheses: the first 78 months of experience at the Mayo Clinic.

During a 78-month period at the Mayo Clinic, 1,778 Brånemark endosseous dental implants were placed in the edentulous or partially edentulous jaws of 353 consecutive patients who ranged in age from 8 to 82 years. The largest treatment category involved edentulous mandibles, which accounted for 53% of the total restorations. Approximately 76% of the threaded cylindrical implants supported 312 oral prostheses at the end of the study period. The implant survival rate was 97.8% in the mandible and 88.8% in the maxilla. Complications associated with this treatment included loss of implant anchorage in bone, soft tissue problems, and mechanical difficulties related to design and function of the prostheses. All complications were managed without loss of continuous function of the prostheses, except in four patients who resumed wearing a conventional removable maxillary complete denture. This experience demonstrates that Brånemark endosseous dental implants are predictable and can provide lasting integration under function when placed and loaded in accordance with the recommended protocol.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Fatigue strength of cantilevered metal frameworks for tissue-integrated prostheses.

The design of the metal alloy framework in cantilevered sections of fixed tissue-integrated prostheses, is critical. Several cross-sectional designs have been advocated, including the popular L-shaped beam, which permits the economical use of space for tooth placement. The fatigue strengths of 15 L-shaped cantilevered framework sections of the same metal alloy were tested. The castings were divided into three groups of five according to vertical wall heights of 4, 5, and 6 mm. Fatigue durability of each sample was determined by counting the number of cycles of vertical forces required to induce catastrophic failure. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between all three groups in the cycles counted at failure (p less than 0.0019). Fatigue strengths improved significantly with increasing vertical wall height of the L-shaped cantilevered frameworks. In addition, beam flexure was shown to be indirectly proportional to fatigue strength. Theoretical beam deflection was calculated and shown to correlate with the actual beam deflection during the testing. Theoretical calculations in static bending specific for a cross-sectional design may aid in the predictability of fatigue strength.

Dental Alloys↗
PubMed1992

Tissue-integrated prosthesis complications.

Over a 78-month period from 1983 to 1990 at the Mayo Clinic, 353 patients involving 407 jaws were restored with 1,778 Brånemark system implants supporting prostheses. Complications involved loss of implant anchorage, soft tissue problems, or mechanical problems. The most predominant complication involved soft tissues. There were 152 patients with loaded prostheses who had no complications and 37 with only one occurrence. Those seen in 160 patients with more than one occurrence were all conservatively managed, so that prosthesis use was only permanently discontinued in 4 patients, who returned to the use of a maxillary complete denture.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Osseointegrated implants for single tooth replacement: a 1-year report from a multicenter prospective study.

One hundred seven dental implants were inserted to support single tooth restorations in 92 patients participating in a prospective multicenter investigation. Only three implants (2.8%) were lost after 1 year of clinical function. Most of the remaining restorations were esthetically successful by using modified components. The gingival condition was healthy around the single crowns and coincided well with the clinical situation around the permanent teeth. The most obvious problem experienced during the first year was related to loose abutment screws. Twenty-six percent of the screws retaining crowns were retightened during the observation period, but the frequency of loose screws had a tendency to decrease as the study progressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Osseointegrated implants: five systems. The Bränemark system.

The Bränemark System of dental implants provides a predictable and reliable reconstructive treatment alternative for patients with missing teeth. Laboratory and long-term clinical studies have provided accepted scientific documentation that the procedure is efficacious and applicable to a wide variety of clinical situations. Patient acceptance is evidenced by generally favorable responses citing vastly improved masticatory function and cosmetic improvement.

Dental Implantation, Endosseous↗
PubMed1989

Patient evaluation and prosthodontic treatment planning for osseointegrated implants.

This article describes the pertinent medical and dental indications and contraindications for implant-supported prostheses. The importance of a thorough clinical investigation as well as the evaluation of appropriate radiographs and diagnostic casts prior to surgical intervention is emphasized. The cooperation of the surgeon and prosthodontist is essential for implant success; their appropriate roles are discussed. The various prosthetic options are evaluated with emphasis on the advantages and disadvantages of each. Those factors that create the ideal implant candidate are reviewed along with corrective measures that would be required to improve the condition of those patients who are not ideal candidates for implants.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed1986

Dental implants: tissue-integrated prosthesis utilizing the osseointegration concept.

As an alternative to conventional removable dentures, osseointegrated dental implants can now be used in carefully selected edentulous or partially edentulous patients. The implant consists of a dental prosthesis and an anchorage unit made up of screw-connected components. The implantation procedure is performed in two phases: fixture installation and fixture uncovering and abutment connection. After completion of these surgical procedures, the dental prosthesis is fabricated and inserted. Follow-up examinations are scheduled at 1, 3, and 6 months and then annually thereafter. During a 2-year period at the Mayo Clinic, 358 osseointegrated dental fixtures were implanted in 70 patients. The overall success rate in this consecutive series of patients was 98%, and the associated complications were minimal and easily resolved.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Psychological factors involved in maxillofacial prosthetics.

1. No significant difference existed between the MMPI means of the test group and the MMPI means of the Mayo Clinic patient group. 2. The means of the test group and the Mayo Clinic patient group deviated from the MMPI normative data. 3. No apparent change in personality of the test group was suggested by the MMPI. 4. A much larger percentage of the patients than expected failed to complete the initial MMPI. One patient refused, and four patients had a raw score of "cannot say" responses greater than 120, thus invalidating the test. 5. The changes in the means of the ACL scales of total number checked, autonomy, change, and abasement were significant (p less than .05). 6. The patient became more outgoing and optimistic, as measured by the ACL, during the immediate postoperative period. 7. Speech and mastication were problems for some patients even after prosthodontic rehabilitation. 8. Most of the rehabilitated patients resumed their normal social habits. 9. The patients in the study seemed to respond to the new situation according to their already existing personality structure.

Adolescent↗