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W R Stinebring

Publications and source records attributed to W R Stinebring.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1982

In vitro susceptibility of selected isolates of Brucella abortus to penicillin.

Brucella abortus isolates (n = 134) from 38 dairy herds in Vermont, Florida, and Canada exhibited 2 growth patterns on medium containing 5 U of penicillin/ml. The B abortus isolates from 7 herds in Vermont were always susceptible to the antibiotic at that concentration. Eleven of 12 isolates from 1 herd in Florida and 25 isolates (biotypes 1 and 4) from 30 Canadian herds grew at greater than or equal to 5 U of penicillin/ml, as determined using a gradient plate method. Penicillin susceptibility may be of value in identifying the source of infections in cattle.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

BrucELISA: an enzyme-antibody immunoassay for detection of Brucella abortus antibodies in milk: correlation with the Brucella ring test and with shedding of viable organisms.

An indirect enzyme-antibody immunosorbent assay (BrucELISA) is described for the detection of antibody to Brucella abortus in cow's milk. Three series of milk samples were obtained from an adult-vaccinated dairy herd infected with B. abortus. The BrucELISA system was used as a screening test for individual milks diluted 1:200 (BE 200 test), for undiluted bulk milks, and to determine antibody titer (BrucELISA titration assay). The BrucELISA results correlated highly with positive Brucella ring test reactions and culture positivity, eliminated false-positive Brucella ring test reactions, detected antibody in some samples which were Brucella ring test negative, and distinguished between vaccinated and infected animals. BrucELISA titration assay titers of greater than 1:800 were correlated with shedding, or were prognostic for animals which eventually became shedders. Binding of the enzyme-antibody conjugate to bovine immunoglobulin in the absence of rabbit anti-bovine immunoglobulin occurred with culture-positive or -negative milks showing titers of greater than 1:1,600 (the beta effect); the effect was also of predictive value in identifying eventual shedders. The BrucELISA system is a sensitive, specific, and inexpensive method for screening large numbers of individual or bulk milk samples for the presence of antibody to B. abortus.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Interferon.

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Animals↗
PubMed1971

Survey of interferon production and sensitivity human cell lines.

Seven presumed diploid and 11 established cell lines were studied for their ability to produce free interferon in response to a standardized Newcastle disease virus challenge. Interferon production was evaluated in both serum-containing and serum-free medium. The ability of these cell lines to respond to the application of a standard interferon preparation by becoming resistant to virus was also examined. The diploid lines were distinctly more efficient producers of interferon than were the established lines. They also evidenced a greater requirement for serum to produce their maximum titers, but some were able to produce good titers in serum-free medium. The diploid lines were uniformly more sensitive to the application of exogenous interferon than were the established cell lines and attained greater degrees of virus resistance, but all lines tested displayed measurable sensitivity to interferon.

Animals↗
PubMed1971

Response of interferon-treated cells to diphtheria toxin.

It has been reported that treatment with homologous interferon of cells in culture interferes with the process of diphtheria intoxication in these cells. This report both confirms and extends this observation. The most sensitive indicator of diphtheria toxin action in cells, i.e., the inhibition of incorporation of labeled amino acids into protein, was employed, and human, mouse, and chicken interferon-cell systems were studied. Interferon treatment afforded a distinct, reproducible protection from the action of toxin, but in no case could total protection be shown. The "antitoxic" component is stable at pH 2, is species-specific, is not sedimented at 100,000 x g, and is trypsin-sensitive. Human cell preparations are heat-labile. Experiments with cell-free amino acid incorporation systems suggest that the "anti-toxic" effect of interferon is concentrated at the level of the cell membrane and subcellular components are not directly involved.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1966

Interferon production by inactivated Newcastle disease virus in cell cultures and in mice.

Youngner, Julius S. (University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa.), Anne W. Scott, Jules V. Hallum, and Warren R. Stinebring. Interferon production by inactivated Newcastle disease virus in cell cultures and in mice. J. Bacteriol. 92:862-868. 1966.-A comparison was made of the effects of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation or heating at 56 C on the interferon-stimulating capacity of Newcastle disease virus in primary chick embryo fibroblast (CE) cultures, in L-cell cultures, and in the intact mouse. The data obtained indicated the critical importance of the host cell system used for interferon production. Virus inactivated by UV irradiation, as well as infective virus, was an effective stimulus of interferon production in L cells and in mice, and this property persisted on continued irradiation. In contrast, in CE cell cultures, infective virus produced no interferon, whereas UV-irradiated virus produced maximal interferon titers when all infectivity was destroyed; continued irradiation resulted in a rapid loss of the interferon-stimulating capacity of the virus. Virus inactivated at 56 C did not produce interferon in CE or L-cell cultures. In the intact mouse, on the other hand, heat-inactivated virus was capable of stimulating the release of significant levels of circulating interferon.

Animals↗